Downloaded from national ag ed site Author unknown Edited by Jaime Gosnell and Dr Frank Flanders Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office to accompany lesson 0143211 OBJECTIVES Define livestock ID: 707425
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DOMESTICATION AND IMPORTANCE OF LIVESTOCK
Downloaded from national ag ed site. Author unknown. Edited by Jaime Gosnell and Dr. Frank Flanders, Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office, to accompany lesson 01.432-1.1Slide2
OBJECTIVES
Define livestockExplain why animals were domesticatedExplain the uses of livestockDescribe the scope of the livestock industry in the United StatesDetermine modern consumption trends Slide3
LIVESTOCK
DEFINED:The term livestock is normally defined as animals raised to produce milk, meat, work, and wool.
It includes
beef and dairy cattle, swine, sheep, horses, goats, and poultry
.
Other animals used in agriculture such as emus, bees, fish bait,
mules, etc
. are considered alternative animal agriculture and are not covered here.Slide4
WHAT DOES THE
DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS MEAN?To adapt animals for use by humansAnimals taken from nature and raised under the care of humansSlide5
WHY WERE ANIMALS DOMESICATED?Slide6
To Provide a Steady Food SupplySlide7
To Provide TransportationSlide8
To Perform WorkSlide9
To Provide Raw Materials for ClothingSlide10
Recreation &
CompanionshipSlide11
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION HAS FLURISHED BECAUSE OF
SELECTIVE BREEDING- -BREEDING THE BEST ANIMALS TO INCREASE DESIREABLE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE OFFSPRINGSlide12
Selective Breeding
-has given rise to livestock judgingWhy is livestock judging important?It helps people identify desirable characteristics
Evaluating a class of animals and placing them in order from best to worst
Give oral reasons to why you placed them in that order
It’s important to use proper terminology when giving reasons Slide13
WHAT IS THE HISTORY OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE U.S.?Slide14
CATTLE
Cattle were on the the first ship to arrive in Jamestown in 1607There are about 115 million head of cattle in the U.S.Cattle are divided into beef and dairy breedsAngus is the most popular beef breed and holstein is the most common dairy breedSlide15
SWINE
Swine were on the first ship in Jamestown in 1607Wild hogs are the descendants of escaped domesticated hogsToday’s trend in the industry is to produce lean hogs as opposed to the fatter hogs that were grown in the early and middle 1900’sSlide16
SHEEP
Sheep were domesticated about 8,000 years agoThey are raised for meat and woolThere are over 200 breeds of domestic sheepThe management of sheep is more complex than the management of most animalsSlide17
GOATS
Goats were one of the first animals to be domesticated, about 9,000 years agoThey are raised for food and clothingGoats are excellent scavengersThere are 300 breeds of domestic goatsProduction of meat-type goats are a current trendSlide18
HORSES
In the 1800’s and early 1900’s, horses were used for power and transportationToday, most horses are owned for recreation and companionship.There are about 6.6 million horses in the U.S. Slide19
CHICKENS
Chickens are the most important poultry species. Chickens fall into 2 categories:Laying hens for eggsBroilers for meat
Today,
chicken production is a large commercial industry
that continues to grow as demand increases around the worldSlide20
HOW HAVE LIVESTOCK CONSUMPTION TRENDS CHANGED?Slide21
CONSUMPTION TRENDS
The consumption of beef has declined since 1970 from about 79 pounds to about 65 pounds per person per year.Pork consumption has remained relatively stable at just under 50 pounds per person per year.Slide22
CONSUMPTION TRENDS
The consumption of lamb and mutton has declined from 1.9 pounds per person to 0.9 pounds per person per year since 1970.Slide23
Chicken Consumption Trends
Chicken consumption had steadily increased from 27 pounds to about 50 pounds per person per yearSlide24
Diary Consumption Trends
The consumption of all dairy products has slightly increased from 554 pounds in 1970 to 585 pounds per person per yearSlide25
Turkey Consumption Trends
Turkey consumption has increased from 6.71 pounds to 14 pounds per person per year.Slide26
Consumption Trends
The increase in the consumption of poultry and the decrease in the consumption of beef can be explained by new health concerns such as high cholesterolSlide27
WHAT IS THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES?Slide28
MEAT ANIMALS: production and income in the U.S.
2002 - 2011
Slide29
THE BEEF INDUSTRY
Beef accounts for 6% of all supermarket salesTexas is the leading state in beef cattle productionSlide30
THE DAIRY INDUSTRY
Wisconsin is the leading dairy producing stateMilk is produced in all 50 statesSlide31
THE SWINE INDUSTRY
The U.S. ranks second to China in the number of hogs producedIowa is the number one hog producer in the U.S.Slide32
THE SHEEP INDUSTRY
Colorado is the number one sheep producing stateSlide33
THE GOAT INDUSTRY
Texas is the number one goat producing stateSlide34
THE POULTRY INDUSTRY
Georgia is the number one broiler producing state and Ohio is the number one egg producing stateSlide35
THE HORSE INDUSTRY
There is no accurate count of the number of horses in the United StatesIt is estimated that over 16 billion dollars is spent in the horse industry every year.Most horses and mules are owned for pleasure however, they are a major factor in creating jobs in vet services, feeds and feeding, and equine equipment and suppliesSlide36
REMEMBER
Livestock was domesticated for convenience of humansThe term livestock generally refers to horses, cattle, swine, poultry, sheep, and goatsLivestock production is a major economic factor in the U.S. economyConsumption of poultry has increased in recent years while red meat consumption has declined or remained stable