What do you think of when someone says Consequences of nutritional imbalance Understanding the consequences of nutritional imbalance in a youths diet on short and long term Youth is the third fastest growth in the lifespan Females grow 16cm and gain 16kg males grow 20cm and gain 20k ID: 931605
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Slide1
Consequences of nutritional imbalance
Slide2What do you think of when someone says
“Consequences of nutritional imbalance”
Slide3Understanding the consequences of nutritional imbalance in a youth’s diet on short and long term
Youth is the third- fastest growth in the lifespan. Females grow 16cm and gain 16kg, males grow 20cm and gain 20kg.
For this physical development to occur, all of the nutrients required for the four processes –soft & hard tissue formation and the production of energy and blood, must be eaten in correct portions.
If the nutritional intake of youth is not balanced and nutrients are not consumed in appropriate proportions, the risk of a range of consequences for health and development (both short and long) will occur.
Slide4Understanding the consequences of nutritional imbalance in a youth’s diet on short and long term
It’s recommended that Australians consume 2 serves of fruit and 5 serves of vegetables each day.
According to the AIHW, in 2014-2015 97% of 5-14 year olds did not consume enough vegetables and 30% didn’t consume enough fruits.
For adults 18-64 years, 93% didn’t eat enough vegetables and 50% didn’t eat enough fruit
Slide5Short term consequences ~ CHO
CHO
Glucose molecules
1g CHO = 16KJ of energy
Absorbs into the blood stream
Slide6Glycemic Index (GI)
Slide7Low GI foods
Eating foods with a low GI rating give a more sustained energy release and can therefore assist in carrying out the biological processes required during the day.
Keep you fuller for longer
Slide8High GI
Provides the body with a quick rush of glucose that than drops off just as quickly.
As blood glucose levels decrease, hunger increases. As a result, high GI foods can contribute to over-eating.
Slide9In addition to CHO, B-group vitamins and iron also contribute to the production of energy. If these nutrients are not consumed on a regular basis, energy levels may decrease, impacting ones health.
Can you think of how ones health and wellbeing may be effected by not having any energy?
Page 102 of the textbook
Slide10Fibre
Is a type of CHO, made up of the indigestible parts of plant matter.
Fibre
assists with regulating bowel movements and providing feelings of fullness.
In the short term adequate
fibre
can reduce the risk of constipation and over-eating in the short term.
Fibre
also reduces the absorption of glucose and cholesterol into the bloodstream.
Slide11Water
Is essential for optimal functional of body systems throughout the lifespan.
Dehydration can affect many processes within the body
Common symptoms of dehydration are; thirst, dry mouth, headaches, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, fainting, tiredness and constipation.
In severe cases, dehydration can lead to unconsciousness and death.
Slide12Long term consequence
Nutrient imbalances is associated with many long-term consequences impacting on ones health and wellbeing including dental caries, underweight, over weight and obesity (cardiovascular disease, colorectal cancer and slow growth).
Slide13Sugar
Are a type of CHO, which is found naturally in some foods but also added during processing as a flavour enhancer or preservative.
As well as providing fuel for energy, sugar provides a food source for bacteria which can contribute to dental decay and the development of dental caries.
Slide14Dental caries
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI7FkBoDxx4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF0b_GgzwUM
How might tooth decay affect ones health and wellbeing?
Slide15Over consumption of fats, CHO & protein = weight gain
Although required as a fuel for energy production, if eaten in excess, these are stored as adipose tissue. Over time, this can lead to weight gain, overweight and/or obesity.
Slide16Obesity and health & wellbeing
What are the effects on ones health and wellbeing of being overweight or obese?
Slide17Outline the trend in the graph and explain the causes.
Page 103 of the textbook
Page 103 of the textbook
Slide18Four corners ~ Fat chance
http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2014/10/13/4103496.htm
Develop a
mindmap
outlining everything new you find out from the film.
Slide19Discussion points in groups
Do you think the Government should put a tax on high fat and sugar products????
Slide20Saturated fat & trans fat
Excess consumption of saturated and trans fat increases levels of LDL in the blood. LDL is the type which sticks to the walls of blood vessels which cause the blood vessel to narrow.
Slide21Undernourishment
Conditions such as an eating disorder can contribute to long-term development problems.
Growth may be slowed down as nutrients required for hard tissue formation are not present.
Peak bone mass might not be met, which can increase the risk of conditions such as osteoporosis.
With nutrients required for soft tissue development, specific organs cant develop and maintain.
Slide22Anaemia
As blood cells are produced constantly, adequate intake of the nutrients required to make blood such as iron, folate & V12 are required.
If these nutrients are under consumed it can lead to anaemia.
Anaemia is characterized by an inability of the blood to carry adequate oxygen around the body.
Slide23Anaemia
Symptoms of anaemia include tiredness and weakness, so people might not be able to participate in daily activities
How might this impact their health and wellbeing??
Slide24Student work requirements
Develop a variety of flow carts outlining the short term and long term affects of nutrient consumption.
Page 104 questions 1,4(b),7, 8
Slide25What influences our food choices?
The world in which we live greatly influences the food choices that we make.
Australia is a developed nation and most of us have access to a wide variety of affordable, nutritious foods. The health and wellbeing of all Australians would improve if we chose foods and drinks according to the
Australian Dietary Guidelines
and the
Australian Guide to Healthy Eating.
But where we live and how we live can also influence what we eat. It can be difficult for people to choose healthy foods, as often the cheapest foods that fill us up may not be the best choices for health.
Australians living in rural and remote areas may also have difficulty accessing nutritious foods, especially perishable items including vegetables and fruit. Food security may be a challenge for some groups, particularly Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.
The foods that are most readily available in our community also tend to be the discretionary choices that are high in saturated fat, added sugars and salt and alcohol.
Slide26Food Selection Models
To assist people in consuming a balanced diet and reducing the risk of short and long term consequences with nutritional imbalance, a number of food selection models have been produced.
Examples include;
-Australian Guide to Healthy Eating
-Healthy Eating Pyramid
-Health star rating system
Slide27The Australian Dietary Guidelines
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_VDuLdv8Gk
A Government initiative, which was revisited in 2013.
The guidelines are targeted towards health professionals, including dietitians, nutritionists, general practitioners (GP’s), nurses, educators, government policy makers, the food industry and other interested parties.
Made up of 5 guidelines, each guideline has a sub-heading.
Guideline 2 & 3 provide advice on which foods should be consumed regularly and which ones should be consumed.
Slide28The Australian Dietary Guidelines
Slide29The Australian Dietary Guidelines
Slide30The Australian Dietary Guidelines
Serving numbers and sizes from each of the five food groups and healthy fats and oils are included in the Australian Dietary Guidelines to assist one in planning daily food intake.
https://www.eatforhealth.gov.au/food-essentials/how-much-do-we-need-each-day/recommended-number-serves-children-adolescents-and
Slide31Slide32The Australian Guide to healthy eating
Provides a visual representation of guidelines 2 and 3 from the Australian Dietary Guidelines.
The pie chart that shows the proportions of food that should be consumed from each of the five food groups.
Grains = 30-35%
Vegetables & legumes = 30%
Meat and meat alternatives = 15%
Milk and other dairy = 10-12%
Fruits = 10 -12%
Slide33Why was this food selection model developed?
What are the positives of developing this food selection model
Slide34The healthy eating pyramid
Developed by Nutrition Australia
Based on the guidelines, it represents the 5 food groups
Slide35The health star rating system
In 2014, the federal government endorsed the Australian Health Star Rating System on food labels as an educational tool to assist people in making healthy food choices.
It’s a labelling system that rates the overall nutritional profile of packaged food and assigns a rating from ½ a star to 5 stars.
Slide36The health star rating system
It based on comparing KJ and risk nutrients such as saturated fats, sodium, sugars and protective nutrients such as
fibre
, protein and the proportion of fruit and vegetable, nut and legume content.
It’s a voluntary and companies do not have to pay a fee when applying for a Health Star Rating for their product.
What have you heard about the health star rating?
https://www.facebook.com/Breakfaston1/videos/10156066012752719/
Slide37Discussion point
How does these food selection models assist the public to consume a healthy lifestyle?
Slide38Time to apply knowledge
Complete food selection models worksheet
Homework: Recall your food for the last 24 hours
Slide39Food trends and food marketing and their impact on youth health and wellbeing
With the digital culture explosion, the marketing and tactics used by food manufacturers has dramatically changed, influencing a number of different health and wellbeing outcomes. The marketing of energy dense and processed foods continues to have a strong share, while ‘clean eating is gaining momentum.
Where have you been exposed to food advertising?
Slide40Slide41Immersive marketing
Is a technique that involves seamlessly integrating advertising into a complete experience for the consumer.
Eg
. Coke allows you to collect points which can contribute to rewards such as a gift voucher or TV
Collection of personal data
Data collection is important to many multinational companies. Consumers are tagged with unique identifiers when they go online and can be easily tracked and profiled.
Eg
. Think if you search for something on good then it comes up as a advertisement on your
facebook
.
Slide42Location-based mobile marketing
Through the collection of a mobile phone number, marketers have the ability to follow young people throughout their lives. This technique allows them to send special deals when they are close to particular food outlets.
Celebrity endorsements
According to research, the use of celebrity endorsements in marketing can not only enhance brand recognition, but also the desirability of the product, leading to a positive association, particularly among 13-15 year olds.
Can you think of any celebrity endorsements?
Slide43Product placement
Product placement is an advertising technique use by companies to promote their products through appearances in television, film or other media.
American idol was a very obvious example of product placement with their big red cups on the judges desks. Coke signed on as major sponsor in 2002 worth $10million
Marketing by social influencers/bloggers
Social influences are not necessarily just celebrities, but are also people who are influential in the online world, particularly Instagram & twitter.
Who do you follow on social media accounts and why?
Slide44Impact of marketing on food trends, in particular ‘clean eating’
The health and welling trend of ‘clean eating’ is now widespread in the marketing of food product.
This has also lead to a increase in organic foods
Companies are altering their products as they are aware people are willing to pay more for healthy food.
Slide45The impact of ‘clean eating’ on health and wellbeing outcomes
Clean eating is usually associated with considerable health benefits
eg
. Reduce risk of developing type 2 diabetes
A nutritionist in London who treats people with eating disorders is treating double the amount of people these days due to the clean eating trend on social media.
Slide46Learning task
Develop a mind map outlining key marketing strategies used my food manufacturers. Enjoy you also include a real example.
Pick a large food manufacturer (
eg
. Coke) and research the marketing strategies they currently use.
Slide47Enablers and barriers to healthy eating, social, cultural and political factors
There are many factors that affect food choices. These factors all interact to determine the health behaviors and ultimately the health status of young people.
Factors fall under the headings of social, cultural & political. These factors interact to act as either enablers or barriers to healthy eating.
Slide48Enablers and barriers to healthy eating ~ social factors
Family
Friends
Socioeconomic status: income, education & occupation
Nutrition information soured from social media
Slide49Enablers and barriers to healthy eating ~ cultural factors
Religion
Ethnicity
Gender
Slide50Enablers and barriers to healthy eating ~ political factors
Food policies and laws and trade arrangements
Food labelling
Health promotion
Slide51Learning task
What do you need to know for enablers and barriers to healthy eating?
For each heading you need know two sub headings
eg
. Social ~ family & friends. For your chosen topics, outline how they act as an enabler or barrier to healthy eating.
Complete the case study on page 1119 of the textbook