In-Session Meeting on Nutri-Cereals (Coarse Cereals - PowerPoint Presentation

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In-Session Meeting on Nutri-Cereals (Coarse Cereals

)

Dr. B Rajender , Joint Secretary National Food Security Mission (NFSM)DAC&FW, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India

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Nutri-Cereals are one of the earliest grains that are being cultivated and consumed by the people in India and the world.

Nutri-Cereals can be classified as major and minor Nutri-Cereals.

Major Nutri-Cereals include sorghum (jowar) & pearl millet (bajra).

Minor Nutri-Cereals includes finger millet (Ragi), foxtail millet (Kangni), proso millet (Cheena), kodomillet, barnyard millet(Sanwa) and little millet (Kutki).

Sorghum is the fourth most important food-grain in India after rice, wheat, and maize in terms of area and production.

Finger millet (ragi) also forms a major part of the food basket in some states like Karnataka, Telangana and Uttarakhand.

Other minor Nutri-Cereals are also being cultivated in varying scales in various parts of the country, mainly by tribal and marginal farmers.

Millets are

Nutri

-Cereals

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Provide nutritious food and fodder.

Less water consuming than other cereals.

Grows faster & putting less stress on environment.No pests and diseases problem.

Can grow in even marginal lands.

Complete Food and Nutritional Security.Will supplement the existing income of the farmers.

Why Millets Production is Beneficial?

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Commodity

Protein

(g)

Carbohydrates

(g)

Fat

(g)

Crude fibre

(g)

Mineral matter

(g)

Calcium

(mg)

Phosphorus

(mg)

Sorghum

10. 4

72. 6

1. 9

1. 6

1. 6

25

222

Pearl millet

11. 6

67. 5

5. 01. 22. 342296Finger millet7. 372. 01. 33. 62. 7344283Proso millet12. 570. 41. 12. 21. 914206Foxtail millet12. 360. 94. 38. 03. 331290Kodo millet8. 365. 91. 49. 02. 627188Little millet8. 775. 75. 38. 61. 717220Barnyard millet11. 674. 35. 814. 74. 714121Barley 11.569.61.33.91.226215Maize 11.566.23.62.71.520348Wheat11. 871. 21. 51. 21. 541306Rice6. 878. 20. 50. 20. 610160

Nutritional Composition of Millets as compared with major cereal crops (Per 100 g)

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Health Benefits of Nutri-Cereals

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Year

Jowar

Bajra

Ragi

Small Millets

Total

A

P

Y

A

P

Y

A

P

Y

A

P

Y

A

P

Y

2012-13

6214.4

5281.5

911.6

7297.4

8742.01198.01131.01574.41392.0754.1435.7577.715396.916033.64079.32013-145793.45541.8956.67810.79250.11184.31193.61982.91661.3682.3429.9630.115480.017204.74432.32014-156161.45445.3883.87318.09184.21255.01208.12060.91706.0589.6385.9654.515277.117076.34499.32015-166073.54234.7697.27126.08061.51131.31134.21817.01602.0607.1347.2571.914940.814460.44002.42016-175129.54740.3924.17469.49855.71319.51046.51430.31366.7588.2436.4741.914233.616462.74352.2Area, Production & Yield of Millets in India from 2010-11 to 2016-17(Area – 000 ha, Production - 000 tonnes & Yield- kg/ha)6

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State

Area (000

' ha.)Production (000' Ton.)

Yield (Kg/ha.)

%

Cumulative

Maharashtra

2585.0

2165.0

837.5

45.7

45.7

Karnataka

934.0

714.5

765.0

15.1

60.7

Madhya Pradesh

220.0

464.5

2111.6

9.8

70.5

Tamilnadu

264.0

369.11397.87.878.3Rajasthan579.3349.5603.47.485.7Andhra Pradesh 97.0226.02329.94.890.5Uttar Pradesh 183.0183.01000.03.994.3All India5129.54740.3924.1100.0 StateArea (000' ha.)Production (000' Ton.)Yield (Kg/ha.)%CumulativeRajasthan4150.34155.01001.142.242.2Uttar Pradesh907.01736.01914.017.659.8Haryana478.0964.02016.79.869.6Gujarat430.0948.02204.79.679.2Maharashtra845.0859.01016.68.787.9Madhya Pradesh280.0680.62430.86.994.8All India7469.49855.71319.5100.0 APY during 2016-17 (state-wise)Pearl Millet (Bajra)Sorghum (Jowar)7

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State

Area (000

' ha.)Production (000' Ton)

Yield (

Kg/ha.)

%

Cumulative

Madhya Pradesh

135.0

88.0

651.9

20.2

20.2

Uttarakhand

63.0

85.0

1349.2

19.5

39.6

Maharashtra

69.0

48.0

695.7

11.0

61.7

Gujarat

31.0 38.0 1225.8 8.7 70.4 Tamilnadu27.0 26.7 991.8 6.1 76.6 Chhattisgarh89.2 25.4 284.8 5.8 82.4 Andhra Pradesh 31.024.0774.25.587.9Odisha 27.413.8504.93.291.0Rajasthan 15.610.3660.12.493.4Uttar Pradesh 9.07.0777.81.695.0All India588.2 436.4 741.9 100.0  StateArea (000' ha.)Production (000' Ton)Yield (Kg/ha.)%CumulativeKarnataka599.0 860.4 1436.4 60.2 60.2 Uttarakhand107.0 160.0 1495.3 11.2 71.3 Tamilnadu65.1 138.2 2122.7 9.7 81.0 Maharashtra 97.0113.01164.07.988.9Odisha 53.337.6704.42.691.5Andhra Pradesh 32.034.01062.52.493.9Gujarat 20.028.01400.02.095.9All India1046.5 1430.3 1366.7 100.0  APY during 2016-17 (state-wise)Small MilletsFinger Millets (Ragi)8

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Demand side factors

Rapid

urbanization Changing consumer tastes and preferences due to rising per capita income

Government policies

favouring other crops such as output price incentives and input subsidies

Supply of PDS rice and wheat at cheaper price introduced in non-traditional areas of fine cereals.

Poor social status and inconvenience in their preparation (especially sorghum

)

Low shelf-life of grain and flour.

Supply side factors

Increasing

marginalized cultivation

Low profitability-low remuneration for millets vis-à-vis competing crops

More remunerative crop alternatives in

kharif

competing with millets in question

Decline in production & quality - blackening of sorghum grains, fetching low price

Lack of incentives for millet production

Lack of better irrigation infrastructure

Why Decline in Millets Area ?

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Lack of proper Processing Technology

Small Grains with Husk

Farmers Hesitant to Cultivate

Other Cereals sold at High Price

Poor Yields

Poor Utilization

Lack of Awareness

Lack of Proper Market

Poor Grain Supply

Great Demand for Processed Small Millets

Poor Affordability

Lemma

Palea

Poor shelf life

The Great Small Millets Bottleneck

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SHORT & MID TERM

Supply Side FactorsTo address the decreasing trend of area and production through supply enhancements.

Creation of awareness about positive aspects like the suitability in the dry-land agriculture and more adaptability to the climate changes through demonstration and training programs.

Development and distribution of HYVs and hybrids of millets among the farmers.

Creation of Seed Hub to maintain own quality seeds to avoid purchasing seeds every year from the open market.

Creation of systematic channel for timely distribution of improved agronomic practices and other technical assistance with utmost priority.

Assured remunerative price through proper buy-back arrangements.

Strategies to increase Production & Productivity

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B. To narrow down the reduction in yield gaps and its impact on the farmers income.

Developing and supplying location specific HYVs & Package of Practices (PoPs) mainly in the rain-fed areas.

To fill yield gaps, proper training of the farmers and follow up measures of the improved technologies to be taken up.Proper weed management is required to check the yield reduction.

To increase farmers’ income, government must ensure the provision for regular MSP for millets and thereby regular procurement of these millets.

Small millets need special focus under mission mode for PoPs, timely supply of inputs including seeds, financial inclusion and timely need based training.Soil health condition of the millets growing regions need to be recorded in Soil Health Cards.

NGOs working on millets need to be made more involved in the grassroots level policy development.

Strategies to increase Production & Productivity

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Long Term Strategies

Promotion of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs)

Inclusive policy supports for small and minor millets.Developing proper market intelligence system.

Creating farm gate processing and warehouse facilities.Promotion of integrated farming systems approach.

Strategies to increase Production & Productivity

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Demand Side Factors

A

. Demand creation for millets products through Value additionGeneration of awareness about the nutritional and health benefits of the millets and their products.

Awareness programs to eliminate the low social status attached to the consumption of the millets and their products.

Inclusion of millets under Mid-day-Meal (MDM) Scheme and other Government schemes.

B. Price support policies

There is no provision of MSP for the minor millets including kodo

and little millet from the government. This may hamper the cultivation of these crops which in turn will have a negative impact on the farmers.

Strategies to increase Production & Productivity

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C. Improvement of export competitiveness

Release of pests and diseases resistant varieties to improve grain quality for reducing the competitiveness in the international market.

Co-operative or collective cultivation for reducing the cost of cultivation and improve the bargaining power of the farmers.

Value addition of millets products to improve the export competitiveness.

Diversification of export basket for gaining exports like gluten free, sweet sorghum syrup, alcoholic beer, stalks based ethanol/grain based potable spirit, nutri- foods etc.

Providing incentives to millets growers, processing and value addition enterprises.

Provide tax benefits to value added millet products to generate demand and area expansion.

Strategies to increase Production & Productivity

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Action initiated under NFSM

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Launch of

Nutri-Cereal Sub Mission under NFSM.

Convergence of policy stakeholders for mainstreaming milletsStartups-Nutri-Cereals conclave and Health and Wellness business meeting

National workshop on FPO’s on

Nutri-Cereals

Sensitization

programme for Dieticians, Nutrition and Medical Doctors

Workshop on Crop improvement, Value addition, and Impact assessment

FPO’s / Industries linkages on nutri

-Cereals

Summit on

Nutri

-Cereals breeding for Food processing

National stakeholders meeting on R&D Perspectives

National

Nutri

-Cereal empowerment in Tribal and Hilly areas

Micro values chains and FPO’s in Tribal/ Ecosystem

National conference on Processing of millets

Convergence of private and public sectors for the cause of

Nutri

-Cereals promotion and State wise Millets Festivals

2018 as National Year of Nutri-Cereals - Celebrations

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Interventions proposed under Nutri-Cereals

S.No

Interventions

Pattern of Assistance

1Cluster demonstration

@

Rs.6000 per hectare

2

Seed distribution

@ Rs. 30/Kg for less than 10 year old and Rs. 15/Kg for more than 10 year old

varieties. Hybrid @Rs. 100/kg

3

Certified Seed

p

roduction

@ Rs. 30/kg

4

Integrated Nutrient Management

Micro –nutrients and Bio-fertilizers @ Rs. 500/ha

5

Integrated Pest Management

Weedicides

/ Plant Protection Chemicals &bio agents @ Rs. 500/ha

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Farm

implements

For SC/ST/Women farmer/Small & Marginal farmers @ 50% of the cost or Rs. 600 per unit for manual sprayer and for other farmers 40% of the cost or Rs. 500 per unit whichever is less 7Irrigation devicesSprinkler @ Rs. 10,000/ha or 50% of the cost whichever is less 8Capacity building of farmersCropping system based training@ Rs. 14000 per training of four session (30 farmers each)9Formation of FPOs in cluster areas/ creation of processing unit for FPOs/ aid for Centre of Excellences /Creation of Seed Hubs /Events and Workshop Organizations /Publicity /Distribution of Seed MiniKits100% GoI share10Local InitiativesAs per State Government requirementInterventions proposed under Nutri-Cereals 18

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Interventions Proposed

Demonstrations

Demonstrations of Improved Packages of Practices Front Line DemonstrationS (FLDs) / Cluster Front Line Demonstrations (CFLDs)Need Based Inputs

Enhancing Breeder Seed Production

Creation of Seed Hubs & Centralized buffer seed facility at IIMR, Hyderabad

Multiplication of Seeds and Supply of Seed Minikits

Value Chain integration of small producers

Federating Farmer Producer OrganizationsDemonstration cum Training Centres- Millet Processing Centers

(KVKs/FPOs)Small Millet Processing Clusters

(local entrepreneur/progressive farmers/SHGs/NGOs)

NFSM- National Food Security Mission

Nutri-Cereals as Nutricereals-New Dimensions in

Promotion of Nutri-Cereals in India

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Development activities:

Cluster demonstration, incentive for seed production, distribution of minikits, micro-nutrients, bio-fertilizers, need based weedicides and pesticides, plant protection equipments, sprinklers and training of farmers, etc.

Marketing support: Ceation of Farmers Producer Organizations (FPOs)/Self Help Groups (SHGs), setting up of processing units in cluster areas/block. Assured procurement at Minimum Support Price (MSP), etc.Research support: Support for breeder seed production, creation of seed hubs for production of certified seed of Nutri-Cereals, support to Centre of Excellence (CoE) for development of recipes and training of entrepreneur and progressive farmers.

Identification of newer varieties of Jowar, Bajra, Ragi and Small Nutri-Cereals with high nutritional value, etc.

Awareness activities: Organization of National/State

level workshops, district level festival, road show, awareness campaign through electronic, print & social media. Organization of Kisan Melas at ICAR Institutes/KVKs and inclusion of Nutri-Cereals in social sector schemes like Mid Day Meal, etc.

Major component of Nutri-Cereals

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Earlier Schemes under go with these crops

States and districts covered under NFSM

Name of

crop

No. of States

No. of Districts

Coarse Cereals

28

265

Targets

produce coarse cereals – 45.65 million

tonnes

during 2017-18

increase crop productivity in low yielding districts having low productivity in comparison to State average

FINANCIAL STATUS OF NFSM

Year

Total NFSM

Coarse

Cereals

Allocation

Allocation

2015-16

1554.48

124.20

2016-17

2327.4188.502017-182230.24157.40(Rs. in crore)21

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S. No.

CropGOI Share

State ShareTotal2018-19

4.

NFSM-Coarse Cereals (for maize and barley

only)

8000.00

3888.889

11888.889

5.

NFSM-

Nutri

-Cereals (for

Jowar

,

Bajra

,

Ragi

and Small

Nutri

-Cereals)

20850.00

13316.667

34166.667

Total

28850.00

17205.55646055.556*Rs. in lakh* Excluding central agencies allocationCrop-wise fund allocation during 2018-1922

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S. No.

Interventions% allocation for

NFSM-Pulses% allocation for NFSM-Nutri-Cereals% allocation for NFSM other Crops (Rice & Wheat

)1

Demonstration3030

40

2Seed Distribution

151520

3Seed Production

1515

-

4

INM & IPM

15

15

15

5

Flexi component including farm Machineries & Custom Hiring, Water

saving devices, Capacity Building/Training, Local Initiatives etc.

25

25

25

Total

100

100

100

Allocation of funds under NFSM amongst different interventions23

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Number of Districts covered under Nutri-Cereals in respective States

S.No

.StatesNo. of Districts

No. of Districts under various crops

Jowar

Bajra

Ragi

Other Nutri-Cereals

1Andhra Pradesh

75

1

2

4

2

Chhattisgarh

10

-

-

-

10

3

Gujarat

19

4

14

2

-4Haryana929--5Karnataka251571356Madhya Pradesh2494-157Maharashtra2623117-8Odisha6--529Rajasthan231021--10Tamil Nadu151125-11Telangana44---12Uttar Pradesh245191-13Uttrakhand9--9614West Bengal1--1-Total2028888464224

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WAY FORWARD

Introduction of all millets under PDS scheme, which will create huge demand. This will give a boost to the production of all the millets and consequently, it will add to the existing income of the farmers.

Assured procurement support with competitive prices to encourage diversification of areas

Implementation of “Sub-Mission on

Nutri

-Cereals” for providing financial assistance to

Nutri

-Cereals growing states to enhance production and productivity.

Preparation of Roadmap for five year and Celebration of 2018 as year of

Nutri

-Cereals

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