CVS 20182 ND SEMESTER Four major groups of lipoproteins are recognized Chylomicrons transport lipids resulting from digestion Lipid Metabolism and absorptionDerived from intestinal absorption of TG ID: 935297
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Slide1
Lipoproteins and cholesterol
CVS
2018/2
ND
SEMESTER
Slide2• Four major groups of lipoproteins are recognized: Chylomicrons transport lipids resulting from digestion Lipid Metabolism and
absorption.Derived
from intestinal absorption of TG .
Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) : ( pre-
β )
derived from liver for export of TG.
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) : (
β-
lipoprotein ) synthesized in liver and deliver cholesterol to the tissues . High-density lipoproteins (HDL) ; (
α -
lipoprtein
) synthesized in liver and intestine , remove cholesterol from the tissues in the process known as reverse cholesterol transport.
Slide3LIPOPROTEINS
• spherical particles with a hydrophobic core
(TG and esterified cholesterol)
• apolipoproteins on the surface
• large:
apoB
(B-48 and B-100)
atherogenic
atherogenic
• smaller:
apoA
-I,
apoC
-II,
apoE
• classified on the basis of density and
electrophoretic mobility (
Chyl
;VLDL; LDL;
IDL;HDL )
Slide4The Apolipoproteins
• major components of lipoproteins, constitute the
protein moiety of lipoproteins.
• often referred to as
aproteins
.
• classified by alphabetical designation (A thru E)
• the use of roman numeral suffix describes the order in
which the apolipoprotein emerge from a
chromatographic column .
• They act as enzyme activators (
eg
,
apo
C-II and
apo
A-I)
or as ligands for cell receptors (
eg
,
apo
A-I,
apo
E, and
apo
B-100).
Slide5Slide6Slide7Cholesterol Biosynthesis
Acetyl Group
Cholesterol
Slide8Branch Point
Cholesterol Biosynthesis
Slide9IPP + DPP
IPP
DMAPP
Geranyl-PP
Lanosterol
Acetyl-CoA
Farnesyl-PP
IPP
Squalene
2
5 Carbons Each
10 Carbons
15 Carbons
30 Carbons
30 Carbons
Slide10Lanosterol
Cholesterol
19 Steps
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