Presenting for S Bon Fall 2009 EDLE 412 EDLE 412 2 CHILD ABUSE amp NEGLECT FACTS Abuse is not unique to economically disadvantaged families Yet low income families do have higher incidents of abuse amp neglect ID: 930099
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EDLE 412
1
CHILD ABUSE
Dani Allen-Bronaugh
Presenting for
S. Bon
Fall 2009
EDLE 412
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CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT FACTS
Abuse is not unique to economically disadvantaged families
Yet, low income families do have higher incidents of abuse & neglect
Majority of reported sexual abuse cases involve adult or teenage men and underage girls (under 18)
Young boys are typically abused by adult males
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OTHER CHILD ABUSE FACTS
CYCLE OF ABUSE
Child brought up by an abusive parent is likely to adopt abusive behaviors when he/she becomes a parent
AGE OF TYPICAL VICTIM
Child under 6 years is at higher risk of abuse
DETECTION OF INJURIES
Child often hides injuries, making detection difficult
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Defining Abuse
Physical: non-accidental infliction of injury
Sexual: any sexual act with or upon a child
Emotional: chronic behavior that interferes with psychological and social development of child
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EXCESSIVE PHYSICAL DISCIPLINE
Causes physical injuries, e.g. bruises
Involves injuries in sensitive locations
Is inconsistent and arbitrary punishment designed to instill fear
Involves a disciplining adult who loses control
Is unreasonable and inappropriate given the child’s age
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Defining Neglect
Physical: Failure to provide medical treatment, appropriate supervision, or education
Emotional: Failure to provide support or affection to promote child’s psychological and social development
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§ 22.1-291.3. Notice of duty to report child abuse or neglect.
Public and private schools (includes parochial schools) shall post, in each of their schools, a notice, pursuant to § 63.2-1509, that:
(i) any teacher or other person employed in a public or private school who has reason to suspect that a child is an abused or neglected child, including any child who may be abandoned, is required to report such suspected cases of child abuse or neglect to local or state social services agencies or the person in charge of the relevant school or his designee; and
(ii) all persons required to report cases of suspected child abuse or neglect are immune from civil or criminal liability or administrative penalty or sanction on account of such reports unless such person has acted in bad faith or with malicious purpose. The notice shall also include the Virginia Department of Social Services' toll-free child abuse and neglect hotline.
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INDICATORS OF ABUSE
PHYSICAL
Unexplained or Repeated Bruising
Face, throat, upper arms, thighs, bottom, back
Pattern or shape bruises, pinch marks
Unexplained Burns
Cigarette burns, rope burns
Unexplained Repeated Injuries
Lacerations, welts, scars
Rib fractures, joint fractures
Loss of hair, bald patch
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INDICATORS OF ABUSE
BEHAVIORAL
Extreme withdrawal or aggression
Unusual shyness or wariness of physical contact
Harsh treatment of other children
Truancy
Depression, excessive crying
Attempts to hide injury or make-up unbelievable explanations
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INDICATORS OF SEXUAL ABUSE
BEHAVIORAL
Victim discloses sexual abuse
Poor peer relationships
Sudden changes in behavior and grades
Promiscuity or seductive behavior
Age-inappropriate expression of affection
Self-injury
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WHO IS A CHLD ABUSER?
An adult who abuses a child may exhibit several characteristics:
Isolation, Poor Self Concept, Immaturity, Lack of Parenting Knowledge, Substance Abuse, Lack of Interpersonal Skills, Unmet Emotional Needs
Any person who has contact with child could be a potential abuser
E.g. parent, stepparent, teacher, babysitter, relative, etc…
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Why Do People Fail to Report?
Suspicions are not verified
The agency is responsible for verification
Fear of civil or criminal charges
The law (VA Code) protects the “good faith” reporter from civil and criminal charges
Do not want to get involved
Abuse reports are confidential
Child could be making it all up
Despite fears that a child makes-up sexual abuse charges to “get even,” this is rarely the case, especially among younger children