Revolution Brings Reform & Terror - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Revolution Brings Reform & Terror

Ch.7 Sec.2

Assembly Reforms France

The Rights of Man

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Very similar to DOI

Included rights : Liberty, property, security, & resistance to oppression

Did NOT apply to women

Olympe

de Gouges- published Declaration of the rights of women

Ideas were rejected/killed a year later

Assembly Reforms France

State-Controlled Church

Gov. took over church lands & declared church officials/priests were to be elected and paid as state officials

$$$ earned from selling of lands helped pay off debt

Alarmed peasants who were devout Catholics

Felt pope should rule over church independent from state

Caused peasants to oppose assembly’s reforms

Divisions Develop

Limited Monarchy

September 1791- National Assembly completed new Constitution

Stripped Louis XVI of many of his powers

Legislative Assembly- approve laws & approve/reject declarations of war

King- power to enforce laws

Divisions Develop

Legislative Assembly split into THREE groups to handle France’s problems (food shortages, debt, etc.)

Radicals

Sat on the left, opposed monarchy, wanted complete change in

gov.

operations

Moderates

Sat in center & wanted some changes to

gov.

Conservatives

Sat on right, liked limited monarchy & wanted few changes

War & Execution

Neighboring countries feared similar revolutions in their countries

Austria & Prussia urged French people to restore Louis XVI

to absolute monarch

Legislative Assembly responded by declaring war in 1792

France @ War

War started bad for French as foreign troops were closing in on Paris

French citizens felt that King/Queen were helping the enemy

Angry citizens arrested/imprisoned King/Queen

Many nobles, priests, & royal supporters were massacred

National Assembly

Set aside Constitution

Deposed of king & national assembly

Called for new governing body- National Convention

National Convention

Abolished monarchy & declared France a republic

Adult/male citizens were granted right to hold office & vote

Women were not given same rights

Louis XVI

Reduced to common citizen/prisoner

Tried & found guilty of treason- executed by guillotine

War continues

1793- Great Britain, Holland, & Spain join Austria and Prussia against French

National Convention ordered 300,000 French citizens to join army

Grew t0 800,000 by 1794 & included women

Robespierre Assumes Control

1793

Maxunilien

Robespierre gains control of France

Wanted o wipe away any trace of France’s past

Changes:

Changed calendar to 12 months/30 days with no Sundays

Felt religion was old-fashioned & dangerous

Closed all of churches in France

Ruled France as dictator

Robespierre: Reign of Terror

Committee of Public Safety

Protect revolution from enemies

Enemies (mostly radicals) were tried and often executed by guillotine

Death toll

Estimated 40,000 people were executed during Robespierre’s Reign

85% of people executed were peasants (pg.224 chart)

End of Terror

July 1794- National Convention turned on Robespierre

Feared for their own safety

Robespierre was executed by guillotine

New government

Third plan since 1789

Two-house legislature & executive body of 5 men called the Directory

Napoleon Bonaparte- made general to command French army

Review Questions

DO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER:

Pg.225 #1

Pg.227 #3

Pg.227 #5

What to work on

Guided Reading Sec.1-2---DUE TODAY

Voacb

- Due Tomorrow

Worksheet– Due Tomorrow