Match the following to the correct description One Teacher species population community ecosyste m All Teachers Teachers and Students George West Look through the vocabulary cards on your desk ID: 934984
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Slide1
Biomes and Biodiversity
Slide2Analogy
Match the following to the correct description
One Teacher
species
populationcommunityecosystem
All Teachers
Teachers and Students
George West
Slide3Look through the vocabulary cards on your desk.
Take some time to sort through and match them.
Slide4habitat
The place in which an animal lives
Slide5species
All organisms of the same kind that adapted to a particular set of resources (called a niche) in the environment.
Slide6population
Made up from all of the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species.
Slide7ecosystem
A smaller part of the biosphere consisting of the organisms and non-living features that interact in an area.
Slide8biome
Large geographic areas with similar
temperatures and rainfall amounts.Plants and animals that live in one cannot always adapt and live in another.
Example: water is a limiting factor in a desertExample: tundra, desert, rain forest.
Slide9Desert Scrub
Desert
Taiga
Grasslands
Tundra
Deciduous Forest
Chaparral
Savanna
Rainforest
Alpine
Slide10biotic
Organisms living or that had once lived in the environment.
Examples:
mouse, clover, dead tree, shrubs, hawk
Slide11abiotic
Non-living factors in the environment.
Examples: light, temp, water
, wind, soil and terrain
Slide12The variety of organisms in an ecosystem
The more species in an area, the higher the biodiversity and the healthier the ecosystem
biodiversity
Slide13Slide14Factors that Affect Biodiversity
Area
Climate
Diversity of nichesHuman activity
Slide15Area
A large area will have more biodiversity than a small area
There will be more types of trees on 100 acres than there will be on 1 acre
Slide16Climate
In general, the number of species increases from the poles to the equator
tropical rainforests in South America and Africa have the most diversity
The North and South Poles have the least diversity
Slide17Niche Diversity
A niche is a particular area in an ecosystem where an organism lives
The more niches an area has, the more biodiversity (coral reefs are 1% of the Earth but have 20% of all species).
Slide18Human Activity
People can either help or hurt an ecosystem
Protecting an area can increase biodiversity
Deforestation, pollution and over hunting can decrease biodiversity
Slide19Value of Biodiversity
Protecting biodiversity is important to keep the planet healthy
The more diverse an ecosystem is, the healthier and more stable it is.
Two main factors that need protection are:keystone species
gene pool diversity
Slide20Keystone Species
A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem
If a keystone species disappears, the entire ecosystem may change
Disrupts equilibrium
Example: earthworms are important in grassland ecosystems. The more earthworms, the healthier the soil, the better the grass grows
Slide21Which are will have the most fertile soil?
47.8g
35.3g
52.8g
22.3g
Slide22Gene Pool Diversity
the number of diverse traits in a species
The more traits in a species, the better chance they have of adapting
Species that lack a diverse gene pool are less able to adapt to changes in their environment.
Slide23Not Protecting Biodiversity
The biggest threat to biodiversity is
loss of natural habitat
If we don’t protect biodiversity species can become
endangeredextinct
Slide24Endangered Species
Species whose numbers are so low they are in danger of becoming extinct
Slide25Extinction of Species
Extinction is the disappearance of all members of a species from Earth
In the last few centuries, the number of species becoming extinct is increasing
Slide26Causes of Extinction
natural catastrophes
earthquake
volcano
tsunamihurricaneflooddrought
human activities
habitat destruction poaching
pollution
exotic Species as
pets
Slide27Protecting Biodiversity
Captive Breeding
The mating of animals in zoos or wildlife parks to increase the population
Slide28Protecting Biodiversity
Laws and Treaties
Laws can
protect an entire species
The Endangered Species ActIt is illegal to sell endangered species or products made from endangered speciesConvention on International Trade in Endangered SpeciesList of 700 species that cannot be traded for profit
Slide29Protecting Biodiversity
Habitat Preservation
The most effective way to preserve biodiversity is to protect entire habitats
National and State ParksGame Reserves
Slide30No Diversity
Diversity
Slide31Biodiversity Demo
How many different “species” do we have?
What would happen if a disease went through this population and killed all of the yellow squares?
Sit down if you have a yellow square
Slide32Biodiversity Demo
How many different “species” do we have?
What would happen if a drought went through this population and killed all of the red squares?
Sit down if you have a red square
Slide33Biodiversity Demo
What was different with the second demonstration?
How did biodiversity help this population?
Would the death of part of a population effect the food chain?
Slide34sustainability
The capacity to endure. In ecology, the word describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time.
Slide35sustainability example
Two farmers try to out-produce each other by using different planting techniques.
Field 1 grew more until a virus killed all of crop 2. How would this virus effect the farmers?
The farmer with field 1 will lose half his crop but the farmer with field 2 will only lose 1/16.
Slide36sustainability example
How are the farmer’s fields similar to how biodiversity allows an ecosystem to be stable?
Field 2, which has more biodiversity, is
more stable and can handle the
virus easier.
Slide37Ecosystems and Biodiversity
North American Prairie
Slide38Location
– middle of the US
Description – once covered land from Canada to Mexico and from Illinois to the Rocky Mountains
Soil type – deep and fertilePrecipitation
– 10-30 inches per yearTemperature range – summer can be as hot as 38◦C (100 ◦F), winter can be as cold as -4◦C
(-40 ◦F)Climate – hot summers and cold snowy winters
Slide39Biodiversity
7000 species of plant an animal
Plant species
– tall grass, mixed grass, short grass, some trees, flowering plantsAnimal species – pronghorn, mule deer, elk, black bears, coyote, fox, badger, ferrets, rabbits, owls, eagles, hawks, grouse, ducks, song birds, insects, snakes, spiders, bison
Slide40Adaptations
Plant species
–
deep roots on the grass help them reach water.Animal species – hooves on the bison help protect their feet
Slide41Interactions
biotic
–
large food web with lots of animals.Bison distribute seed in their wasteDeep grass roots hold the soilabiotic
– wildfire is needed to renew the soilAmount of rain determines grass height
Slide42How does the North American Prairie support different organisms.
How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of an ecosystem?
Slide43Biomes of the World
Rainforest
Desert
Grassland
Deciduous Forest
Boreal Forest
Tundra
Mountains
Ice
Freshwater
Marine