Background Information World Map Map of The Mediterranean Sea Map Of Aegean Sea Homers Greece Homers view of the world Homers View of the world Homeric Galley Modern Recreation Homeric soldier ID: 931603
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Slide1
The Odyssey
Themes Vocabulary &
Background Information
Slide2World Map
Slide3Map of The Mediterranean Sea
Slide4Map Of Aegean Sea
Slide5Homer’s Greece
Slide6Homer’s view of the world
Slide7Homer’s View of the world
Slide8Homeric Galley
Slide9Slide10Modern Recreation
Slide11Homeric soldier
Slide12Greek spear- called a ‘dory’
Slide13Bronze Age Swords
Slide14Homeric shield
Slide15Cuirass (body armor)
Slide16Greaves (shin Guards)
Slide17Helmet
Slide18Wine bowl (Kylix) & Wine skin
Slide19Vocabulary
Epic
-
The word epic is derived from the Ancient Greek adjective, “
epikos
”, which
means
a poetic story. In literature, an epic is a long narrative poem, which is usually
related
to heroic deeds of a person of an unusual courage and unparalleled bravery
.
Epic Hero-
a brave and noble character in an epic poem, admired for
great achievements
or affected by grand events.
Oral Tradition-
oral tradition is information passed down through the generations
by
word of mouth that is not written down. this includes historical and cultural
traditions
, literature and law.
Slide20Fatal flaw-
Also called the tragic flaw
is a literary device that can be defined as a
trait
in
a
character leading to his downfall, and the character is often the hero of the literary
piece
. This trait could be the lack of self-knowledge, lack of judgment, and often it is
hubris
(pride
).
Hubris (pride)-
Hubris is extreme pride and arrogance shown by a character, which
ultimately
brings about his downfall. Hubris is a typical flaw in the personality of a
character
who enjoys a powerful position; as a result, he often overestimates his
capabilities
to such an extent that he loses contact with reality
.
Invocation to the Muse-
A prayer or address is made to one of the nine muses of
Greco-Roman
mythology. The poet asks for the inspiration, skill, knowledge, or the right
emotion
to finish a poem worthy of his subject matter.
In media res-
Latin for "into the middle of things." It usually describes a narrative that begins, not at the beginning of a story, but somewhere in the middle — usually at some crucial point in the action.
Slide21Hero’s journey-
is the common template of a broad category of tales that involve a hero who goes on an adventure, and in a decisive crisis wins a victory, and then comes home
changed
or transformed
.
Homeric simile-
Homeric Similes, also known as Epic Similes, are elaborate
comparisons
between two different objects using like or as. A Homeric Simile, however,
is
used to redirect the reader’s attention in unexpected, humorous, gruesome or heroic
ways
, as well as being much longer. Ex: •“I drove my weight on it from above and bored
it
home like a shipwright bores his beam with a shipwright’s drill that men below,
whipping
the strap back and forth, whirl and the drill keeps twisting, never stopping –So
we
seized our stake with it fiery tip and bored it round and round in the giant’s eye
.”
Homeric Epithets-
an epithet is an adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality
characteristic
of the person or thing mentioned. Homer uses these as mnemonic devices
to
help speaker and listener remember the poem. Ex: “earth-shaking Poseidon” (This will
be
repeated as a name/description for Poseidon throughout the poem.”
Slide22Patronyms-
a type of epithet which is a component of a personal name based on the
given
name of one's father or grandfather. Ex: Calling Menelaus “Son of Atreus” or
“
Atrides
” (which means “son of Atreus.”)
Pantheon-
from the Greek “pan” meaning all and “
theos
” meaning gods, the
pantheon referred
to all the Gods in the Greek belief system (and, more universally,
to
all the gods of any particular belief system i.e. the Norse pantheon, the Egyptian
pantheon
, the Roman pantheon etc.)
Archetype-
In literature, an archetype is a typical character, an action, or a
situation
that seems to represent universal patterns of human nature. An archetype,
also
known as “universal symbol,” may be a character, a theme, a symbol, or even a
setting
. Many literary critics are of the opinion that archetypes – which have a
common
and recurring representation in a
particular
human culture, or
all humanity–
shape the structure and function of a literary work
.
Trickster-
a character in a story (god, goddess, spirit, man, woman, or talking
animal
), which exhibits a great degree of intellect or secret knowledge, and uses it
to
play tricks or otherwise disobey normal rules and conventional behavior.
Slide23Divine Intervention (Deus ex Machina)-
Deus ex Machina (Latin for “Machine of the
Gods
”) refers to incidence in a story where an implausible concept or character is
brought
into the story in order to make the conflict in the story resolve and to bring about a pleasing solution
.
Arete
(Excellence & Virtue)-
in its basic sense, means "excellence of any kind". The
term
may also mean "moral virtue". In its earliest appearance in Greek, this notion of excellence was ultimately bound up with the notion of the fulfillment of purpose or function: the act of living up to one's full potential
.
Aristeia
- -
is
a scene in the dramatic conventions of epic poetry as in the
Iliad
, where a hero in battle has his finest moments (aristos = "best"). An
aristeia
can
result
in the death of the hero at the
aristeia's
end
Kleos
(glory)-
is the Greek word often translated to "renown", or "glory". It is related to
the
word "to hear" and carries the implied meaning of "what others hear about you". A
Greek
hero earns
kleos
through accomplishing great deeds
.
Xenia (hospitality)-
(“guest-friendship") is the ancient Greek concept of hospitality, the generosity and courtesy shown to those who are far from home and/or associates of the person bestowing guest-friendship.
Slide24Dactylic Hexameter-
also known as "heroic hexameter" and "the meter of epic") is a
form
of meter or rhythmic scheme in poetry. It is traditionally associated with the quantitative meter of classical epic poetry in both Greek and Latin and was consequently
considered
to be the grand style of Western classical poetry. 12 syllable line; stressed followed by two unstressed syllables. Ex:
This
is the /
for
est prim- /
ev
al
. The /
mur
muring
/
pines
and the /
hem
locks
,
Slide25Traits of an Epic Hero
Hero
is of noble
or divine birth
Has
superhuman
capabilities
Is
a vast traveler
Unmatched Warrior/Speaker/Leader
Battles
Supernatural
Foes
The
hero’s courage and skill will be
tested
Slide26Traits of an epic poem
Encompass’s
a country’s ‘heroic ideal
.’
Takes
place on a vast scale (often all over
earth-even
otherworldly places
)
Involves
superhuman
deeds
Gods
take an active
part
Is
written in a “High Speech” to reflect the grandeur of the subject
matter
Invokes
a muse (Greek, Late & Medieval)
Begins
“in media res”
Contains
a catalog of principle characters
Slide27Themes of an epic poemParental Relationships
Heroism
Hospitality (Moral Codes in General)
Loyalty
Leadership