When did the USA have troops fighting against the Russians on Russian soil Enduring Understanding The Russian Revolution changed the political and economic landscape of the international community by eventually adopting a Totalitarian Communist system ID: 935178
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Slide1
Entry Task
What is communism?
When did the U.S.A. have troops fighting against the Russians on Russian soil?
Slide2Enduring Understanding
The Russian Revolution changed the political and economic landscape of the international community by eventually adopting a Totalitarian Communist system.
Slide3Econ 2.2.1
Understands and analyzes how planned and market economies shape the production, distribution, and consumption of goods, services, and resources
Slide4Essential Questions
What role did Lenin play in the Russian Revolution?
How do planned/command economies function compared to market economies?
In what way was the Soviet New Economic Plan (NEP) similar to capitalism?
In what ways can a totalitarian state control all social aspects of ones life?
Slide5Learning Targets
I can name the 3 main people involved in the Russian Revolution.
I can accurately analyze examples of propaganda for and against Russian reforms.
I can correctly describe the similarities and differences between capitalism and communism.
I can analyze the consequences of war.
Slide6World History
Mr. Noble
Mr. Voorhees
Russia – From Tsar to Totalitarianism
Slide7Power of the Tsars
The Tsars gained power from nobles by:
taking it and challenging their opposition (Ivan the Terrible was very good at this)
Slide8Serfs
Compensated the nobles for decreased power in government by giving them greater power over their land and its occupants
Serfs were peasants who were tied to the land
(virtual slaves)
Slide9Serfs
1861 - Serfdom abolished, but life did not change for most peasants
Slide101891 - 1905 - Trans-Siberian R.R. started to connect growing empire (Vladivostok founded 1860)
Slide11Demographics
40% were literate
51% of people worked in agriculture
32% work in industries (worked 11 hours a day, only 10 on Saturday)
Slide12World Population - 1900
1. British Empire 367,000,000
China 300,000,000
Russia 132,000,000
French Empire 81,500,000
United States 76,212,168
Germany 56,000,000
Slide13Industrial Output (1900)
Country
Coal
Pig Iron
Steel
USA
212
13.8
10.2
Great Britain
228
9
5
Germany
149
7.5
6.7
Russia
16.2
2.9
1.5
Slide141905 - Russo-Japanese war
Russia defeated (a humiliation for the country who defeated Napoleon)!
Jan. 22, 1905 – “Bloody Sunday”
Demonstrators shot by Nicholas II’s soldiers
Fearing revolution, he listens to their demands
Slide15Nicolas II forced to begin reforms
1. Constitution and parliament (Duma) created
2. Oil workers form political councils (soviets)
Slide16World War I
Unprepared militarily or industrially, Russia suffered demoralizing defeats, severe food shortages, and economic collapse
1917 - riots broke out
Nicolas forced to abdicate
Slide17Revolutionary Period
Provisional government tried moderate policies to maintain order (workers rights)
Battled two groups for power
Bolsheviks "Majority" - radical, led by Lenin
Mensheviks "Minority" - more moderate
Slide18Lenin
United States and other powers invade Russia to stop the Bolsheviks
Bolsheviks triumphed in 1920
Slide19What Lenin Believed
Capitalism – economic system where people control the factors of production
Good idea = $$
Socialism – Political and economic system where government owns
the key
factors of production
Lenin based his ideas on Karl Marx’s teachings
Slide20Slide21Karl Marx
1848 – wrote
Communist Manifesto
Human history is about the struggle for survival (strong versus weak)
Bourgeoisie – middle class who own factories
Proletariat – working class
Revolution will favor the Proletariat, who will create a society of equality
“dictatorship of the proletariat”
Eventually people would accept socialism and government would disappear
Slide22Leon Trotsky (1879-1940) - seizure of power
Bolshevik membership soared during the summer
Nov. 6, 1917 Soviets took over the gov’t
Provided answer to anarchy, had good leadership and appealed to soldiers and workers alike
Slide23Dictatorship and Civil War
Approved of peasant land seizure
Ended war – Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Dissolved the Constituent Assembly
Slide24USSR
After Lenin gained control of Russia, it is renamed
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Slide25Slide26Civil War 1918 - 1921
Whites vs. Reds
Fighting was brutal
Reds were victorious by 1921
*victory was due to:
well-defined political program
better army
effective secret police
force (the Cheka)
Ukrainian family - suffering from typhus
Slide27Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP)
By 1921, the country was devastated
NEP was to get economy viable
Peasants bought and sold goods on the free market
*looked like Capitalism!
Slide28Economic recovery and Lenin's death in 1924 brought a struggle for power between Stalin and Trotsky
Stalin won
Slide29Read Page
824
in Holt
Stalin’s
Soviet Union
Slide30Stalin's Soviet Union
Modern totalitarian dictatorship
Five-Year Plans
Economic
Social
Slide31Five-year Plans
1928 – destroy the NEP and catch up with the West
Slide32Questions to Stalin
How did killing his own people help Stalin?
Why didn’t people revolt against Stalin?
5000 Ukrainian leaders executed in 1929 for planning a revolt
Why did people continue to “love” him?
Propaganda
Slide33Collectivization
“Massive famine in 1932-1933 in Ukraine
Slide34Five-year plans brought spectacular growth in heavy industry
Steel production grew 500% between 1928-1937
“Five Year Plan in Four Years!”
Slide35Terror and the Great Purges
In the mid-1930s, a system of terror and purging was instituted
Stalin & Kirov
Stalin & Nadezhda
Slide36Show Trials 1936-1938
16 Party leaders confessed to plots against Stalin
Why did they give false confessions?
Ritual confession of short-comings of Party
Dedication
Tortured and families threatened
Lower level members were executed privately
Slide37Total Control
New party members had only
ever
been loyal to Stalin
Slide38Slide39Russia Review
Organize your Russia information: Holt
pp. 455-460; 519-521; 557-561;
PowerPoint lecture
Slide40Foundations of Political Values
Democracy versus Communism
Mr. Noble & Mr. Voorhees
Slide41Declaration of Independence
Written in 1776
Justified freedom for 13 British Colonies
Thomas Jefferson
Slide42Communist Manifesto
Published 1848
Overthrow of Capitalism and creation of a classless society
Karl Marx
Slide43Can you tell the difference between each?
Slide44Your Assignment…
How are these documents similar? How are they different?
Look at the list of quotes from each document and write a “D” for Declaration of Independence or a “M” for the Communist Manifesto.
Slide45Economic Systems
Capitalism
Communism
Similarities
Slide46Democracy
Totalitarianism
Similarities
Slide47Essential Questions
What role did Lenin play in the Russian Revolution?
How do planned/command economies function compared to market economies?
In what way was the Soviet New Economic Plan (NEP) similar to capitalism?
In what ways can a totalitarian state control all social aspects of ones life?
Slide48Nicholas II
Joseph
Stalin
Vladimir
Lenin
Alexander II
Leaders of
Russia/
USSR
Slide49Terms to Know for Quiz
Abdicate
,
Assassinate
,
Bolsheviks
,
Bourgeoisie
,
Communist
Manifesto
,
Duma
,
Emancipation
Edict,
Five
-Year Plan,
Genocide
, Karl
Marx
,
New
Economic Policy,
Proletariat
,
Provisional
Government,
Purge
,
Russo
-Japanese War,
Serfs
,
Socialism
,
Totalitarianism
,
Trans
-Siberian Railroad,
World
War I