Sensory Memory Large store very brief information from physical world is coded into memory ATTENTION ShortTermWorking Memory 3060 seconds limited capacity 7 2 Rehearsal required LongTerm Memory ID: 935975
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Slide1
Unit 7 quick review
Slide2Memory stores
Sensory Memory
Large store, very brief, information from physical world is coded into memory, ATTENTION
Short-Term/Working Memory
30-60 seconds, limited capacity (7 +/- 2), Rehearsal required
Long-Term Memory
Unlimited* capacity, requires information to be RETRIEVED back to STM to be “remembered”
Slide3Memory Processes
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Slide4Language
Phonemes
Basic unit of language that produces SOUND
Morphemes
Basic unit of language that contains meaning
Syntax
Rules of grammar
SemanticsMeaning of words (their, there, they’re)
Chomsky
:
Language Acquisition Device
Skinner:
Reinforcement
Whorf:
Linguistic Determinism
Slide5Types of memories
Semantic (
EXPLICIT/DECLARATIVE/REQUIRES CONSCIOUS RECALL)
The Revenant came out two weeks ago and 13 Hours came out last Friday
Episodic
(
EXPLICIT/DECLARATIVE/REQUIRES CONSCIOUS RECALL)
I remember when I was in high school, I had a cell phone that did not have texting….at all
Procedural (IMPLICIT/NON-DECLARATIVE/NO CONSCIOUS RECALL)
I can ride a bike even after not riding one for 5 years…super fast.
Slide6Problem solving
Convergent vs. Divergent thinking
One answer vs. Multiple answers
Insight
Sudden realization…EUREKA!
Heuristics
Mental shortcuts
Representative: compare a stimuli to a prototype (big muscular kid.. “you must play football”Availability: first information that comes to mind “murder rates are up, I watched Detroit news”
Algorithm
Step by step, guarantees a solution when used correctly
Trial & Error
Slide7Impacting memory/thinking
Functional Fixedness
Decay
(Forgetting over time)
Failures
Encoding or Retrieval or Storage
Interference
Proactive (old trumps new), vs. Retroactive (new trumps old)AmnesiaRetrograde (memories lost before incident(The Vow)) vs. Anterograde (memories lost after (50 First Dates)
Bias
(Confirmation bias, ignoring info that contradicts your beliefs, focus only on support)
Encoding
(Visual, acoustic, semantic*)
Chunking
Serial Position
(Primacy and
recency
effects)
Spacing Effect