Infection Prevention Products Inc wwwIPPmfgcom PLASTIC BAGS cause INFECTIONS in HEALTHCARE Presentation Overview Healthcare Acquired Infections HAI Nosocomial statistics ID: 934590
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Slide1
R. Scott Hatfield, President & CEOInfection Prevention Products Inc.www.IPPmfg.com
PLASTIC BAGS
cause
INFECTIONS
in
HEALTHCARE
Slide2Presentation OverviewHealthcare Acquired Infections “HAI” (Nosocomial) statistics Storing respiratory devices in plastic bags… “A common practice” Pathogens “LOVE” Plastic Bags Triangle of Death
Plastic Bag vs. Breathable Pouch
The Bottom Line
Slide3Nosocomial StatisticsEach year, 2 million patients in the U.S. are infected and 100,000 die as a result. (This number does not include LTCF) Over $30 billion is spent treating these infections much of which is preventable. It's also estimated that 70% of HAI-causing bacteria are antibiotic-resistant. http://www.infectionpreventiontextiles.com/HAI-101.phpIt is estimated that there are 1.6-3.8 million infections which occur each year in LTCF.
Dolly Greene, RN, CIC. Diagnostic Laboratories
Note: CDC reports that 380,000 per year die.
Slide4The Risk of Infection in Long Term Care (Clorox)Annual infection burden in US long-term care facilities14
CDC
.
Nursing Homes and Assisted Living (Long-term Care Facilities [LTCFs])
.
CDC.
Antibiotic Stewardship in Nursing Homes
Mor, V.; Intrator, O.; Feng, Z.; Grabowski, D. C.
Health Aff. (Millwood).
29 (1), 57–64
Up to 70% of nursing home residents received antibiotics, which can increase the risk for certain types of infections, including C. difficile infections. 223.5% of all hospital discharges to SNFs resulted in rehospitalization within 30 days (2006).3
Slide5Common Practice in Healthcare 99% of Healthcare facilities store reusable respiratory devices in Plastic Bags as shown below.
Slide6High Risk Residents
Slide7Pathogens “LOVE” Plastic BagsMRSA & VRE Survived over 90 days on Plastic. Journal of Clinical Microbiology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC86187/The adherence of bacteria examined was the highest on polyethylene catheters. PubMed.gov
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3944494/
Plastic Identification Badges spread pathogens.
AMSUS 2013 Annual Meeting
http://www.slideshare.net/veteransadvocate1/amsus-2013-annual-meeting
University Study: Nasal Cannula stored in Plastic Bag vs. Mesh Bag
http://www.ippmfg.com/materials/CSUChicoStudy.pdf
Slide8Table 1
Microorganism
No. of isolates tested
Resistance characteristic
Survival (no. of days) of individual isolates on:
Cotton
Terry
Blend
Polyester
Polyethylene
CNS
3
MS
8, 16, 21
6, 21, 27
6, 6, 7
7, 10, 16
41, 51, 74
CNS
3
MR
14, 18, 20
14, 15, 16
20, 22, 28
16, 20, 22
47, >90, >90
S. aureus
3
MS
4, 5, 19
9, 9, 24
1, 9, 2110, 12, 5622, 48, >90 S. aureus3MR4, 5, 212, 6, 141, 3, 31, 16, 4040, 48, >51 E. faecalis2VS11, 3321, 2919, 29>90, >90>90, >90 E. faecalis2cVR18, 2220, 2218, 2273, >80>80, >80 E faecium2VS22, >9033, >9029, >9043, >9068, >90 E. faecium2cVR62, >90>80, >9052, >90>80, >90>80, >90 E. gallinarum1dVR283434>90>90 E. casseliflavus1dVR152815>90>90
aMean inoculum (± standard deviation) of 4.1 (±4.4) × 105 CFU. bAbbreviations: MS, methicillin sensitive; MR, methicillin resistant; VS, vancomycin sensitive; VR, vancomycin resistant. Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Slide9Pathogens “LOVE” Plastic Bags The adherence of bacteria examined was the highest on polyethylene catheters. PubMed.gov The adherence process was studied quantitatively, as related to cannula composition and bacterial surface
hydrophobicity
. The adherence of the bacteria examined (per square centimeter) was lowest to
siliconized
steel needles, higher to Teflon catheters, and highest to polyethylene catheters. The results for Staphylococcus
aureus
were:(9.9 +/- 0.9) X 10(5) bacteria/cm2 adhered to steel needles.
(37.2 +/- 2.8) X 10(5) bacteria/cm2 to Teflon catheters.
(168.4 +/- 15.6) X 10(5) bacteria/cm2 to polyethylene catheters’
The Bacteria studied was 17 times greater on plastic compared to steel and 5 times greater compared to Teflon.
Slide10Pathogens “LOVE” Plastic Bags Quotes:Plastic Identification Badges spread pathogens. AMSUS 2013 Annual Meeting.
“Some of the hardiest germs can successfully reproduce on plastic surfaces for weeks. Studies done in 2000 and 2001 showed that a few antibiotic-resistant germs could survive on plastic surfaces for three full months”.
University Study: Nasal Cannula stored in Plastic Bag vs. Mesh Bag
CSUChico Study. “Viable bacteria were readily recovered from
cannulas
that had been stored in polyethylene plastic, however, numbers of recoverable bacteria decreased dramatically (84-99%) following the 1 hour storage in a polypropylene mesh bag”.
Slide11Plastic Bags = Petri-Dish Storing respiratory devices in a Plastic Bag is like storing them in a Petri-Dish
Slide12The NoseA Nosocomial Super Highway
The Nose can both receive and deliver infections from Pathogens.
Slide13Triangle of Death The average person touches their Nose 5 times an hour. Dr. Oz (Explaining the triangle of death)The Dr Oz Triangle Of Death extends from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the nose. The blood vessels in the triangle drain to the back of the head where it meets up with the veins at the base of the brain. From there it is a quick shot to the cavernous sinus, which receives blood from this nearby web of veins. Infections here can cause vision loss, paralysis, headaches and sometimes death. Making the Nose the most vulnerable body part in the fight against HAI.
Slide14The Triangle is #1 for StaphStaphylococcus species including MRSA bacteria like warm, moist environments and commonly live in the Nose. Staph Infections resources
Up to 40 percent of the population have
Staphylococcus species
in their
Nose
.
ABC NewsNew studies suggest that 5% of our population carry MRSA in their Nose.
High to Low areas for Staphylococcus
Slide15Triangle of Death “Send & Receive” Healthy people with normal immune systems are highly susceptible to cold virus infection once the virus enters the nose. In volunteers studies, approximately 95% of normal adults became infected when virus was dropped into the nose. Commoncold.orgStaphylococcus species including MRSA in the nose is the most common way the bacterium is carried. Touching the nose, sneezing, wiping a runny nose, and respiratory device use (italics ours) contribute to cross contamination on in healthcare facilities.
The Nose – “Ground Zero” for MRSA colonization
Slide16Plastic Bags cause Infections!!!
These residents send & receive from the Triangle of Death with
PLASTIC BAGS
Slide17Are Plastic Bags causing the spread of Pneumonia? Type % Prevalence % Associated Mortality CostCAUTI 13% 1.5% $1,108 CLABSI 5-10% 12% $33,618 SSI 22% 3% $19,305 HAP 25% 19% $40,000(2015 data)Magill et.al. (2014) CDC’s Point Prevalence Study US HAI: NEJM. 370(13), p 1198-1208
Hypothesis
?
Slide18We Must STOP!!!Storing Respiratory Devices in Plastic Bags!
Slide19University StudyIn a California State University completed February 27th 2013, the time zero numbers were captured to chart the actual “Staph-microbes” increase or decrease on a Nasal Cannula in a Plastic Bag and in Breathable bags (Mesh & Spun Fiber material “SF-1”) for 1 hour. After 1 hour, the Plastic Bag had a 28% increase, the Mesh had an 870% decrease, and the SF-1 had an 810% decrease.
CFU/ml
Slide20Field TrialsAt Country Villa Riverview in Susanville CA, a Breathable pouch was tested and starting in April… It demonstrated more than a 75% reduction in URI’s. The reduction was so great that the Director of Nurses Steve Tank said: "This Breathable pouch is an amazing product. It has reduced respiratory infections immensely. I don't know how we've lasted this long without it”.
Slide21IP-Pouch Control Group StudyIn a two month Control Group study at SANDPIPER Premier Senior Living “SNF” under the direction of Eric Hadley, Executive Director & MHA, FACHE, FACHCA. Group A & B both used plastic bags 2 months prior to the study in which there were 19 URI’s. During study, group A used a breathable pouch and group B used plastic bags… URI’s decreased in group A but increased in group B. The Pouch reduced URI’s 60% compared to Plastic Bags - Jan 23 to March 25 2013.
URI’s
Slide22Plastic Bags Cost Too Much!PLASTIC BAGS Are Replaced Each Week: Each week plastic bags are replaced in nursing homes. Note: Hospitals replace plastic bags every 3-5 days during breathing treatments. PLASTIC BAGS Allow Microbes to Survive and Thrive:
Replacing plastic bags contributes to the spread of pathogens throughout the facility.
PLASTIC BAGS Increase Respiratory Infections:
A breathable bag reduced respiratory infections over 60% compared to the use of Plastic Bags.
PLASTIC BAGS Increase Mortality:…..
Bottom Line!
Slide23Conclusion:PLASTIC BAGS cause INFECTIONS in HEALTHCARE!Healthcare facilities must
STOP!!!
Storing “Reusable” Respiratory Devices in Plastic Bags.
Use a breathable moisture wicking pouch or bag like……………..
The IP-Pouch.
Slide24Save Time… Save Money… Save Lives 1-888-587-7775www.IPPmfg.com