204 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system What are the functions of the lymphatic system What is the importance of the lymphatic system as it relates to immunity How do you relate the bodys use of nutrients to the lymphatic system ID: 934472
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2.04 Understand the
functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
Slide22.04 Understand the
functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?What is the importance of the lymphatic system as it relates to immunity?How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the lymphatic system?What are some disorders of the lymphatic system and how are they treated?
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Slide3The Lymphatic System
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
1. Fluid Balance2. Lymphocyte Production3. Filtration4. Immunity
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Slide42.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Fluid balance
- lymph vessels collect excess fluid from tissues and deposit it in the bloodstream
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Slide52.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Lymphocyte
productionHow your lymphatic system responds to sickness!!Lymphocytes produce antibodiesAntibodies (aka: immunoglobins
) latch onto and kill specific bacteria and viruses
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The Lymphatic System
Filtration
Lymph nodes filter out harmful substances
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Slide72.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Immunity
Ability to resist a diseaseSeveral ways to get immunity:1.Natural Acquired 2.Passive acquired
Active acquired
3.
Natural acquired
4.
Artificial acquired
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Slide82.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
1. Natural immunity
Born withInherited and permanentExamples: unbroken skin
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Slide92.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Immunity
Acquired (not born with)
Can either be Passive acquired or
Active acquired
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Slide102.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
2.
Passive Acquired immunity: PASSIVE = GIVENAntibodies injected into youImmediate immunityOnly lasts 3-5 weeks
Used when you’ve been exposed to disease and need protection immediately
Another example: baby from mother’s breast milk
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Slide112.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
ACTIVE
Acquired immunity: ACTIVE = YOU MADE antibodies yourself because were exposed to a disease (lasts longer)Can either be Natural Acquired Immunity or Artificial Acquired Immunity
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The Lymphatic System
3.
NATURAL (Active)
Acquired Immunity:
NATURAL = HAD DISEASE
Result of having had and recovered from a disease
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The Lymphatic System
4.
ARTIFICIAL (Active)
Acquired Immunity:
ARTIFICIAL = NEVER HAD IT
Result of being given vaccine, antigen or toxoid
Ex’s: flu shot, MMR…
Slide14The Lymphatic System
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Immunity Flowchart
Slide15The Lymphatic System
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Immune Response:
Hypersensitivity
– occurs when your body’s immune system forms antibodies
(aka
immunoglobins
) that irritate certain body cellsAntibodies irritate airway – asthma
Antibodies irritate eyes and nose membranes – runny nose and itchy eyes
Antibodies irritate skin – hives and rash
One type of hypersensitivity is an allergy
Slide16The Lymphatic System
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Immune Response:
Hypersensitivity
–
Slide17The Lymphatic System
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Immune Response:
Hypersensitivity
–
Slide18The Lymphatic System
Anaphylactic
shockSevere allergic reactionAntigen-antibody reaction that stimulates a massive secretion of histamineSymptoms: Swelling, difficulty breathing, hives, low BPCan be deadly if not treatedTreated with shot of adrenaline (EpiPen) and antihistamines
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Slide19The Lymphatic System
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
Suppresses body’s immune systemHIV (human immunodeficiency virus) – virus that destroys T4-lymphocyte cells HIV can progress to AIDSHave AIDS once T4 count gets low enough or once opportunistic infections are seenDiagnosed with a blood or saliva test
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Slide20The Lymphatic System
Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)HIV transmitted via sexual contact, infected needles, in utero or from blood transfusion Initial flulike symptoms common within first few weeks after exposure, then may not have symptoms for as long as 10 years (CAN STILL BE SPREAD)
HIV symptoms: enlarged lymph glands >3mo, fatigue, weight loss, frequent fevers and yeast infectionsAIDS symptoms: above + opportunistic infections including tuberculosis, pneumonia, different cancers, parasitic and fungal infectionsTreated with antiviral drugs to help slow down virus. No cure.
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Slide21The Lymphatic System
Cancer
Malignant tumor = abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues.Why is cancer included in the lymphatic system?When a cancer cell breaks off from a tumor, it can travel to other places in the body via the lymph vessels or blood vessels. When it goes via the lymph vessels, it may end up in lymph nodes.Nearby lymph nodes are often biopsied to see if cancer has metastasized there.
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Slide22The Lymphatic System
Hodgkin’s
diseaseType of cancer of the lymph nodesSymptoms include painless swelling of the lymph nodesTreated with chemotherapy and radiationMost common in young adults (15-30)
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Slide23The Lymphatic System
Infectious
mononucleosis“Mono” “the kissing disease”Caused by Epstein-Barr virusSpread by oral contact (actually saliva)Symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, mental and physical fatigueMarked increase in number of leukocytesTreat symptoms; bed rest is important
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Slide24The
Lymphatic System
Lymphadenitis Lymph aden itisInflammation of the lymph nodes “swollen glands”Usually caused by node exposure to bacteria or virus
Symptoms: tender, swollen lymph nodes Treated by treating underlying cause
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Slide25The Lymphatic System
Lymphedema
Caused by blockage in lymphatic systemPrevents lymph fluid from draining well builds up swelling (edema)Usually just in one arm or leg, can be bothUsually caused by the removal of or damage to your lymph nodes as a part of cancer treatment.
Treatments: Light exercise, wrapping, massage
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Slide26The Lymphatic System
Tonsillitis
– inflammation of tonsils Symptoms: swollen tonsils, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, tender lymph nodes, feverTreatment: Viral – rest, fluids, saltwater gargle Bacterial – above + antibiotics
Tonsils removed if:Frequent tonsillitis (>7/year)Bacterial not responding to antibioticsObstruct airway
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Slide27The Lymphatic System
Autoimmune Disorders –
condition where the body immune system attacks its own tissuesLupus erythematosusScleroderma
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Slide28The Lymphatic System
Lupus
erythematosus – autoimmune disease where body attacks its own tissue. Can cause inflammatory process in almost any body systems. Classic symptom: BUTTERFLY SHAPED RASH ON FACE (CHEEKS AND BRIDGE OF NOSE)Other symptoms: fatigue, rashes, joint pain. Severe cases attack kidneys, brain, blood or lung. Managed by avoiding triggers (sunlight, certain meds) and taking anti-inflammatory meds, immunosuppressants Most cases do not affect lifespan
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Slide29The Lymphatic System
Scleroderma
Autoimmune disorder with stiffening of the skin and blood vesselsResults from an overproduction and accumulation of collagen (fibrous protein) Symptoms: (organ involvement worse/longer)stiffening of patches of skin difficulty moving! Raynaud’s – blood vessels in fingers and toes spasm
Stiffening of lung tissue difficulty breathing! (more rare)Treated: immunosuppressants, pain meds, physical/occ. therapy
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Slide302.04 Understand the
functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?What is the importance of the lymphatic system as it relates to immunity?How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the lymphatic system?What are some disorders of the lymphatic system and how are they treated?
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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