Chapter 10 Soft Tissue Injures - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chapter 10Soft Tissue Injures

Brittney Morgan

&

Katie Larson

Vocabulary

Soft tissues

-

Body

structures that include the layers of skin, fat, and muscles

.

Wound

-

An

injury to the soft tissue

.

Burn

-

An

injury to the skin or to other body tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation

.

Dressing

-

A

pad placed directly over a wound to absorb blood and other body fluids and to prevent infection.

Soft Tissues

The

soft tissues

include the layers of skin, fat, and muscle that protect the underlying body structures

.

Epidermis

– Provides a barrier to bacteria and other organisms that can cause infection.Dermis – Contains the nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and blood vessels.Hypodermis – Contains fat, blood vessels and connective tissues.Adipose – Insulates the body to help maintain body temperature, mechanical cushion, and source of energy.

Wounds

Closed

wound

– Skin’s surface is not broken; tissue damage and any bleeding occur below the surface

Contusion – The simplest closed wound, also called a bruise. When a bump or blow occurs, it results in damage to soft tissue layers and vessels, causing internal bleeding. Blood and other fluids seep into surrounding tissues, causing discoloration and swelling.

Closed Wounds

Contusion

– The simplest closed wound, also called a bruise. When a bump or blow occurs, it results in damage to soft tissue layers and vessels, causing internal bleeding. Blood and other fluids seep into surrounding tissues, causing discoloration and swelling.

Signals of Severe Internal Bleeding:

Rapid breathing

Excessive thirst

An injured extremity that is blue or extremely pale

Open Wounds

Open wounds

- Skin’s surface is broken and blood may come through

Open Wounds

Abrasion

– Skin that has been rubbed or scraped away.

Laceration

– A cut, which may have either jagged or smooth edges.

Avulsion – A portion of the skin and sometimes other soft tissue is partially or completely torn away.

Amputation – A body part that is severed.Puncture/Penetration – when the skin is pierced with a pointed object.

General Care

Minor Wounds

Major Wounds

Embedded/Impaled Objects

Minor Wounds

Use a barrier between you and the victim

Apply direct pressure for a few minutes to control bleeding

Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water and gently dry with clean gauze

Cover with clean dressing and a bandage

Wash hands immediately after

Major Wounds

Call 911 or emergency local number

Put on

gloves

Control external bleeding by:

Cover with dressing and press firmlyApply pressure bandage

If blood soaks through, do not remove the original bandage, add more

Major Wounds(page 2)

Monitor persons condition

Have person rest comfortably

Wash your hands

Embedded/Impaled Objects

Call 911

Put on disposable gloves

Do not remove object

Apply direct pressure to edges of the wound

Use a bulky dressing to stabilize the objectControl bleeding by bandaging the dressing in place around the object

Wash hands immediately after

Infection

Care:

Keep area clean

Soak in clean, warm water

Apply antibiotic ointment

Burns

1

st

Degree

2

nd Degree3rd Degree

Care for burnsChemicalElectrical

1st Degree

Also called a

superficial burn.

Involve only the top layer of skin

Cause skin to become red and dry; are usually painful; and the area may swellUsually heal within a week

2nd Degree

Also called a

partial-thickness burn.

Involve the top layers of skin

Cause skin to become red; are usually painful; have blisters that may open and weep clear fluid

Usually heal in 3 to 4 weeks

3rd Degree

Also called a

full-thickness burn

.

May destroy all layers of skin and some or all of the underlying structures.

The skin may be brown or black (charred), with the tissue underneath, can either be extremely painful or painless (If the burn destroys nerve endings).

Healing requires medical assistance; scarring is likely.

Care For Burns

Heat (Thermal)

Stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn

Check for life-threatening conditions

Cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water

Cover loosely with a sterile dressingTake steps to minimize shock

Comfort and reassure the person

Care For Burns

Chemical

Remove the chemical from the skin, be careful not to get the chemical on

yourself

Flush the burn with large amounts of cool running water. Continue for 20 minutes.

Take steps to minimize shock

Care For Burns

Electrical

Check the scene

If possible, turn off the power at its source and care for any life threatening emergencies

Call 911

Care for shock and thermal burnsLook for entry and exit woundsCheck for additional injuries