Part 3 November 2021 Dr Anna Haro Westside HS LEARNING Objectives TEKS 130231 c 1A amp B and 130231 c 2A B C F amp G amp 3B Students will apply knowledge of human and cellular biology ID: 933445
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Slide1
Human Gastro-Intestinal SystemPart 3
November 2021
Dr. Anna Haro
Westside HS
Slide2LEARNING Objectives
TEKS:
§130.231.(c)(1)(A, & B) and §130.231.(c)(2)(A, B, C, F, & G) & (3)(B)
Students will apply knowledge of human and cellular biology.
Students will develop knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the human gastro-intestinal system (GI).
Students will compare the physiology of the solid organs of the GI system.
Students will identify the ancillary organs of the GI system.
Slide3Objetivos de aprendizaje
TEKS:
§130.231.(c)(1)(A, & B) and §130.231.(c)(2)(A, B, C, F, & G) & (3)(B)
Los estudiantes aplicarán conocimientos de biología humana y celular.
Los estudiantes desarrollarán el conocimiento de la anatomía y fisiología del sistema gastrointestinal (GI) humano.
Los estudiantes compararán la fisiología de los órganos sólidos del sistema GI.Los estudiantes identificarán los órganos auxiliares del sistema GI.
.
Slide4Human gastrointestinal system
The main function of the human GI system is the ____________ of food.
Digestion begins in the mouth and concludes with waste excretion from the anus.The GI tract consists of seven hollow organs, plus
,
solid organs and the sphincters.
Slide5Human gastrointestinal system
GI Tract
Solid Organs
Sphincters
Mouth
Liver
Pharynx (not a true sphincter), the name is the UES, upper esophageal sphincterEsophagusGallbladder(lower) Esophageal sphincterStomachPancreasPyloric sphincter
Small Intestine
Ileocecal sphincter
Large intestine (colon)
Internal anal sphincter
Rectum
External anal sphincter
Anus
Slide6Solid organs
Liver:
The liver has several functions, but its main job within the digestive system is to metabolize the nutrients absorbed from the small intestine.The liver is your body's chemical "factory" of metabolism. It utilizes digestive materials absorbed by the intestine and builds the various chemicals the body needs to function.
Bile is _____________ from the liver into the small intestine and plays an important role in digesting fat and some vitamins.
The liver also detoxifies harmful chemicals and substances.
It breaks down many drugs that can be toxic to the body, including ___________. Note: metabolic enzymes have a capacity limit
; thus, if drug levels exceed the capacity for the liver to metabolize them, then the patient will suffer liver damage and other toxic effects.
Slide7Solid organs
Gallbladder:
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile from the liver, and then releases it into the duodenum in the small intestine to help absorb and digest fats.Pancreas:The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum that break down protein, fats, and carbohydrates. The pancreas also makes insulin, passing it directly into the bloodstream. Insulin is the key
hormone in the body for the utilization of _______________ from carbohydrates (sugar).
Slide8The sphincters
The function of the sphincters is to prevent the
backflow of digestive particles in the GI tract. They function like a one-way trap door.
Except for the _________ and _________, the other sphincters are smooth muscle (involuntary).
Please, learn the name and location of each sphincter:
NameLocation
Pharynx (actually, the UES)
Inferior to the pharynx and superior to the esophagus
(lower) Esophageal sphincter
Inferior to the esophagus and superior to the stomach
Pyloric sphincter
Inferior to the stomach and superior to the duodenum
Ileocecal sphincter
Inferior to the ileum and superior to the colon
Internal anal sphincter
Inferior to the rectum and superior to the anus
External anal sphincter
Inferior to the anus and superior to the exit pathway
Slide9Human GI tract
Image from:
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7041-the-structure-and-function-of-the-digestive-system
Question: What digestive part is not labeled in the image?
Slide10https://www.nursingtimes.net/roles/older-people-nurses-roles/anatomy-and-physiology-of-ageing-3-the-digestive-system-27-03-2017/
Slide11What are your questions about the GI system?
The quiz is Friday!
Please ask, email, use Remind, or TEAMS.
Slide12Major Grade Group Assignment (posted on the HUB)
Email me if you are not working in a group for the individual modified project.
Anna.Haro@Houstonisd.org (today is the last day to switch)Due Friday, at the BEGINNING of class.
Slide13References
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7041-the-structure-and-function-of-the-digestive-system
http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb32/Miller%20notes-%20digestive%20system%20
https://www.britannica.com/science/chyme
https://www.chp.edu/our-services/transplant/intestine/education/about-small-large-intestines