and Infarction Lab 6 Thrombosis and embolism Thrombosis It is formation of blood clot inside a blood vessel obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system When a blood vessel is injured ID: 932379
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Slide1
Thrombosis, Embolism, and Infarction
Lab 6
Slide2Thrombosis and embolismThrombosis
It is formation of blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
When a blood vessel is injured
platelets (thrombocytes)
and
fibrin
form a blood clot to prevent blood loss.
Embolus
is a blood clot that breaks free and travel around the body.
Embolism
migration of embolus through the vasculature system to a distant site.
It causes tissue damage by occlusion (closure) of blood vessels, results in
hypoxia and anoxia
ischaemia and infarction.
Slide3Formation of venous thrombus
(thrombi) venous
thrombus
is composed predominately of
red blood cells
but also
platelets
and
leukocytes
bound together by
fibrin
,
It is formed in sites of vessel damage and areas of stagnant blood flow such as
the valve pockets of the deep veins of the calf or thigh
,
Thrombi
either
remain in the peripheral veins, where they eventually undergo endogenous fibrinolysis and recanalization,
or
they
embolize
to the pulmonary arteries and cause pulmonary embolism (PE), which is a sudden blockage in lung artery.
Slide4Mechanism of Pulmonary
embolismThrombi are often formed at the large veins in the legs and pelvis due to stasis or inflammation.
The thromboembolus travels from the large vein in the leg up to the inferior vena cava, through the right side of the heart.
Then travels to the main pulmonary arteries as they branch.
Pulmonary embolism
(
PE
) is a blockage of an
artery in the lungs
by a thromboembolus that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream.
Slide5Slide6Slide7RBCs
Fibrin
Slide8Slide9Slide10Red blood cells (erythrocytes, red) are trapped within a fibrin protein mesh (thread-like), which is formed in response to chemicals secreted by platelets, fragments of white blood cells (large, round). Clots are formed in response to cardiovascular disease or injuries to blood vessels. Magnification:
x1650.
Coloured
scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a blood clot (thrombus
) at a small
blood vessel of a salivary gland
Slide11Myocardial Infarction Infarction – is tissue death (necrosis) caused by a reduction / stoppage in blood flow due to artery blockages, mechanical compression, rupture, or vasoconstriction
.Myocardial Infarction
is
commonly known as a
heart attack
, the interruption of blood supply to part of the heart, causing some heart cells to die.
Most patients who sustain an MI have coronary atherosclerosis.
The thrombus formation occurs most often at the site of an atherosclerotic lesion, thus obstructing blood flow to the myocardial tissues.
Slide12Myocardial Infarction Plaque rupture is believed to be the triggering mechanism for the development of the thrombus in most patients with an MI. When the plaques rupture, a thrombus is formed at the site that can occlude blood flow, thus resulting in an MI.
Slide13Slide14Slide15Slide16Thank you