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Acid-Base Properties Acid-Base Properties

Acid-Base Properties - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2016-09-01

Acid-Base Properties - PPT Presentation

of Salts AcidBase Properties of Salts Type of Salt Examples Comment pH of solution Cation is from a strong base anion from a strong acid KCl KNO 3 NaCl NaNO 3 Both ions are neutral Neutral ID: 458711

base acid ion anion acid base anion ion acidic properties salts basic conjugate strong solutioncation saltexamplescommentph type weak proton

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Acid-Base Properties of SaltsSlide2

Acid-Base Properties of Salts

Type of Salt

Examples

CommentpH of solutionCation is from a strong base, anion from a strong acidKCl, KNO3NaClNaNO3Both ions are neutralNeutral

These salts simply dissociate in water:

KCl(s)

 K

+

(aq) + Cl

-

(aq)Slide3

Acid-Base Properties of Salts

Type of Salt

Examples

CommentpH of solutionCation is from a strong base, anion from a weak acidNaC2H3O2KCN, NaFCation is neutral,Anion is basic

Basic

C

2

H3O2- + H2O  HC2H3O2 + OH- base acid acid base

The basic anion can accept a proton from water:Slide4

Acid-Base Properties of Salts

Type of Salt

Examples

CommentpH of solutionCation is the conjugate acid of a weak base, anion is from a strong acidNH4Cl,NH4NO3Cation is acidic,Anion is neutral

Acidic

NH

4

+(aq)  NH3(aq) + H+(aq)Acid Conjugate Proton base

The acidic cation can act as a proton donor:Slide5

Acid-Base Properties of Salts

Type of Salt

Examples

CommentpH of solutionCation is the conjugate acid of a weak base, anion is conjugate base of a weak acidNH4C2H3O2NH4CNCation is acidic,Anion is basic

See below

IF

K

a

for the acidic ion is greater than

K

b

for the basic ion, the solution is acidic

IF

K

b

for the basic ion is greater than

K

a

for the acidic ion, the solution is basic

IF

K

b

for the basic ion is equal to

K

a

for the acidic ion, the solution is neutralSlide6

Acid-Base Properties of Salts

Type of Salt

Examples

CommentpH of solutionCation is a highly charged metal ion; Anion is from strong acidAl(NO3)2FeCl3Hydrated cation acts as an acid;Anion is neutral

Acidic

Step #1:

AlCl3(s) + 6H2O  Al(H

2O)63+(aq) + Cl-(aq)Salt water Complex ion anion

Step #2:

Al(H

2

O)

6

3+

(aq)  Al(OH)(H

2

O)

5

2+

(aq) + H

+

(aq)

Acid Conjugate base ProtonSlide7

Effect of Structure on Acid-Base Properties

Increasing Acidity

Hypochlorous

acidChlorousacidChloricacidPerchloricacid