Industrial and Societal Applications – WP3 - PowerPoint Presentation

1. Industrial and Societal Applications – WP3University of HuddersfieldRob Edgecock on behalf of WP31

2. Tasks2Task 3.1. Coordination and Communication (Rob Edgecock - HUD)Task 3.2. Low energy electron beam applications: new technology development (Andrzej Chmielewski - INCT)Task 3.3. Low energy electron beam applications: new applications (Frank-Holm Roegner - FEP)Task 3.4. Medium energy electron beams (Angeles Faus-Golfe - CNRS)Task 3.5. Radioisotope production (Diego Campos/Conchi Oliver - CIEMAT)

3. Task 3.1Led/contributed to 2 H2020 proposalsHERTIS – Hybrid exhaust-gas retrofit system - submitted to H2020-MG-2019-TwoStagesPHOEBe – Production of High-quality Organic fertiliser using Electron Beams3

4. Diseases Related to Poor Sewage Sludge Treatment Ascaris parasites: 22% of world population have these - African countries: 40-98% Southeast Asia: 73% Central and South America: 45% United States: 2%Entamoeba histolytica: >500M people have these – 100000 deaths/annumGiardia lamblia: most common parasite in US – 10-13% of adults in OregonToxoplasma gondii: causes 3500/annum birth defects in the USSalmonella spp: 94530 cases in EU in 2016Escherichia coli: 6378 (STEC) in 2016Shigella: ~300000 cases/annum in USBut, if correctly treated, can be used as organic fertiliser

5. Current Treatment Options  Thermal treatmentLime ConditioningMesophilic ADThermophilic ADCompostingEB (10kGy)SludgeBiowastesPathogens   2.004.00  Faecal coliforns 1.30-6.70   0.68-6.0025Sulfite reducing Clostridia0.302.30     C. perfringens 0.10-4.00     S. senftenberg  4.71-7.954.18 2.09-2.39>8E. coli>3.602.574.35-4.763.37 6.1833-38Enterococci>2.702.22    0.71-4.00>8Salmonella sp.      45Cryptosporidium  0.00-1.982.67   L. monocytogenes  6.752.23 2.44-3.1016C. jejuni  7.23-7.490.34 5.742Virus   0.5-2.006.00  Somatic coliphage0.6     2.5Poliovirus  6.50-6.824.46 7.854.4-5.4

6. More E-beam MeasurementsMicroorganismD10 Value (kGy)ReferenceAcinetobacter radioresistens1.3-2.2[20]Ascaris ova1.6-7.9[14], [21]Aspergillus fumigatus0.6[22]Aspergillus niger0.5[20]Bacillus pumilus 1.4 to 1.8[20]Bacillus subtilis0.6[20]Brucella abortus0.15[23]Campylobacter sp.< 0.2[23]Candida albicans0.9[22]Clostridium botulinum1.4 to 4.2[20]Clostridium difficile0.9[22]Clostridium sporogenes1.6 to 2.2[20]Clostridium tetani2.4[20]Cryptococcus albidus2.7[24]Cryptococcus laurentiii3.1[24]Cryptococcus uniguttilans1.4[24]Escherichia coli 0.3-0.4[13], [25]Klebsiella pneumonia0.12-0.28[26]Lactobacillus brevis1.2[20]Listeria monocytogenes0.62[27]Micrococcus radiodurans2.2[20]Mycobacterium fortuitum0.6[22]Mycobacterium tuberculosis0.3[13]Pseudomonas spp.0.06[20]Poliovirus1.85[13]Saccharomyces cerevisiae0.5[20]Salmonella muenster0.6[22]Salmonella sp.0.6[23]Salmonella typhimurium0.2 to 1.3[20]Shigell dysenteriae0.6[13]Staphylococcus aureus0.2-0.5[20], [23]Streptococcus faecalis1.56[22]Yersinia enterocolitica0.2[23]Vibrio cholerae0.48[13]

7. PHOEBe: The Production of High-Quality Organic Fertiliser using Electron BeamsParticipant NoParticipant Organisation Name Short nameCountry 1University of HuddersfieldHUDUK2BiopolinexBIPPL3Fraunhofer FEPFEPDE4Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology INCTPL5Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research InstituteIUNGPL6Riga Technical UniversityRTULV7Riga WaterRWLV8Tsinghua UniversityTHUCN9Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesCAASCN10CGNCGNCN10aCGN Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., LtdCGNDSCN10bCGN Energy Service Co., Ltd.CGNESCN11Hangzhou Energy and Environmental Engineering Co., LtdHEEECN12Yili Chuanning Biotechnology Co., LtdYCBCN13Beijing Drainage Technology Co., LtdBDTCCN14National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of UkraineNULESUA

8. AimsE-beam studies of AMR, pharmaceuticals, PCP, micro-plasticsBuild three pilot plants:Municipal sewage sludge – RigaPharmaceutical waste – ChinaMunicipal sewage sludge – ChinaProduce solid and liquid fertiliserUndertake pot and field trials in EU and ChinaImpact studiesBusiness case8

9. Other Task 3.2 and 3.3 ActivitiesStudy of polymers for biomedical applicationsSynthesis of grafted copolymersOptimisation of EB cross-linkingElimination of plant pathogens from ornamental bulbsPreservation of water-damaged paper productsProduction of polymer matrix compositesHarmonisation of quality control procedures and dosimetryDevelopment of low energy food treatment technology9

10. (1) Identify unexplored fields of applicationInactivation of viruses for vaccine productionDeveloped technology by Fraunhofer-consortium (patented)Evaluated results for real types of vaccinesHigh dose rate enables highly preservation of important antigens300 keV accelerator for compact designSuccessfull development of first lab-machine for continuously treatment 2018Actually new application to Natural Killer Cells for innovative cancer therapyunder developmentSeite 10

11. Review of the second Year(1) Identify unexplored fields of applicationMedium energy (400 – 800 keV) X-ray sterilizationIn-house sterilization of medical products in-line to the packaging processSwiching from external Gamma sterilization by a sevice provider to in-house solutionChallenging technical and commercial topics (very low energy efficacy, development of new high power x-ray generators)First feasibility study promising at FEP together with industrial partnerPatent under preparationSeite 11

12. Review of the second Year(3) Studying the influence of results from WP 3.2 (new technologies)What are the main decission factors for establishing an ebeam technology for a new applicationA FEP-survey of customers and business contacts resulted in:If there is no alternative to solve a problemIf there is a unique methode for new productsIf it could produce a unique selling point (jump in innovation)Saving energy and reduction of the use of critical chemicals or radioactive materialSaving footprint at production facility or reduction of CO2 footprint Seite 12

13. Task 3.4: High energy electron beamsFocus is on the design of a linac (PRAE) for:Minibeam radiotherapy: - use a grid rather than treating full tumour - spot size 400-700 µm - small beam divergence: >70 MeV electronsFLASH RT: - short treatment time: <500 ms - high dose rate: 60-200 Gy/sSee Angeles’ talk tomorrow!Simulations of PRAE have been doneProcurement underway13

14. Simulation EnvironmentBeam Properites (70 MeV)Charge: 1 nC/bunchTransverse Size: ~ Bunch length: 2 psNormlized Emittance: < 10 mm.mrad (For mini beam)Energy spread: ~ 0.3%Repeation rate: 50 HzBeam line design; MADXBeam line tracking: placetBeam irradiation: Geant4 (Penelope Physics)Mini Beam - 10 cm air + 30 cm waterFLASH Beam - 100 cm air + 30 cm water AIRWATERMADX &PLACETGeant4

15. MINI beam – 70 MeV,  At the end of vaccumRelative DoseBeam size along ZDeposited Eenergy in x-z planIn the WaterAirWater(mm)0.2535.9(mm)0.2936.6AirWater0.2535.90.2936.6

16. Task 3.5: Radioisotope productionConstruction and testing of 4T AMIT cyclotron (CIEMAT)Design of linac for PET isotope production (CERN)Re-parameterisation underway to reduce costsDesign of a very high current FFAG for 99mTc and 211AtOptics design done and thesis written16

17. 17First ONMagnet cooled down by DewarMagnetic measurements by Magnetic Bench supplied by ALBASetup for the thermal and magnetic characterization of the magnetInitial AMIT SC magnet tests

18. 18Magnetic resultsDeviation is less than 0.5 % for any position in a centered circle of 150 mm diameterWhile nominal curve is fully symmetric, the measured curve shows a 0.5 % deviation on this symmetryQuite good agreement between simulation and measured magnetic field values, but work is still ongoingFIELDS GREATER THAN 3T WERE NOT REACHED DUE TO ALIGNMENT ISSUES It provides information on the measured magnetic field shape compared to the design valuesMagnetic tests result in good agreement with simulation and design values. Further measurements to nominal field require new mechanical adjustments (ongoing)

19. ConclusionsWP3 is doing a lot and has already achieved a lot!NB It is only a networkFunding is/has being sought from:Proof of conceptH2020Institute programmesNational programmesIt could have significant impacts on areas in health, industry and the environment19