9 Vehicle Maintenance, Fluid Service, and Recycling - PowerPoint Presentation

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9

Vehicle Maintenance, Fluid Service, and Recycling

ChapterSlide3

ObjectivesAfter studying this chapter, you will be able to:Check a car’s fluid levels.

Explain the importance of vehicle maintenance.Locate fluid leaks.

Replace engine oil and filter.

Change automatic transmission fluid and filter.Slide4

ObjectivesPerform a grease job.Inspect for general problems with hoses, belts, and other components.

Demonstrate safe practices while working with vehicle fluids.Correctly answer ASE certification test questions on fluid service and vehicle maintenance. Slide5

Vehicle FluidsEngine oilCoolant

Brake fluidTransmission fluidOther liquidsSlide6

Lubrication ServiceChecking fluid levels and conditionsAdding fluids as needed

Changing engine oil and filterChanging automatic transmission fluid

Lubricating (greasing) chassis parts constructed with grease fittings

Locating liquid leaks and other obvious problems

Following state regulations for recycling and disposal of waste fluidsSlide7

Vehicle MaintenanceIncludes any operation that will keep vehicle in good operating conditionNo proper care

Automobile life may be reducedSlide8

Fluid Service

Check service manual

Location of all fluid checkpoints and fill points

Interval between fluid checks and changes

Correct type and quantity of fluids

(VW)Slide9

Checking Engine OilWarm engineLocate and remove dipstick

Wipe off and replace itPull dipstick back out and hold over shop rag

Oil level

Between ADD (LOW) and FULL marks on dipstickSlide10

Checking Engine Oil (Cont.)Inspect condition of oilNot too thick or thin

Not too dirtyDoes not smell like gasolineOverfilling can cause oil foaming

Oil absorbs air bubbles

Reduces lubricating abilitySlide11

Adding Engine OilObtain correct oilLook for lubrication sticker in engine compartment

Use same oil as last oil change if possibleRemove oil cap

Usually located on valve cover

Install funnel

Pour slowlySlide12

Changing Engine Oil and FilterWarm up enginePut on eye or face protection and gloves

Raise vehicleKeep levelPlace catch pan under oil drain plug

Unscrew drain plug

Allow oil to drain completely

Reinstall drain plugSlide13

Changing Engine Oil and Filter (Cont.)Position catch pan under filterUnscrew filter using filter wrench

Obtain correct replacement filterWipe small amount of oil on O-ring

Tighten by hand

Never use filter wrench during installSlide14

Changing Engine Oil and Filter (Cont.)Lower vehicleAdd correct amount of fresh oil

Start engine and check oil pressure lightLet engine run and check for leaks

Shut off engine and check oil level againSlide15

Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid and Filter ServiceShould be checked at specified intervalsTransmission fluid contamination

MetalDirt

Moisture

Friction materialSlide16

Checking Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid Warm up engineMove gear selector through all positions

Apply parking brakePlace transmission in park and block wheels

With engine running, locate and remove transmission dipstick

Some are sealed and don’t have a dipstickSlide17

Checking Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid (Cont.)Wipe off dipstick and replace itPull dipstick back out and hold over shop rag

Fluid levelBetween ADD (LOW) and FULL marks on dipstickSlide18

Checking Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid (Cont.)Inspect fluid for discoloration and odor

Smells burned or looks dirty, replace it

Easy

to overfill transmission

fluid

Usually requires

fraction

of

quartSlide19

Changing Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid and Filter Warm up engineRaise vehicle

Remove all but one of pan boltsLoosen last pan bolt while holding pan

Allow pan to drop and catch fluid in catch pan

(Subaru)Slide20

Changing Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Fluid and Filter (Cont.)Replace filter

Replace and seal pan gasketReinstall transmission panDrain torque converter (if recommended)

Refill transmission fluid

Shift through gears

Check for leaksSlide21

Manual Transmission Fluid ServiceTo check fluidLocate and remove transmission fill plug

FluidWarmEven with fill hole

Cold

Just below fill hole

(Chrysler)Slide22

Manual Transmission Fluid Service (Cont.)Some manufacturers suggest periodic change of manual transmission, others do notIf fluid change needed

Remove drain plugDrain fluid into catch pan

Replace drain plug

Fill with correct fluid

Lubricate gear shift mechanism and clutch releaseSlide23

Differential Fluid ServiceTo measure fluidLocate and remove differential fill plug

FluidHotEven with fill hole

Cold

Just below fill hole

To change fluid

Remove drain plug on bottom of differential

Use special siphon gun to draw out old fluid

(Subaru)Slide24

Checking Engine CoolantEngine coolantMixture of coolant and water

Must be periodically changedBecomes corrosive and filled with rust over time

Damages water pump, thermostat, and radiator

To check coolant level

Look at side of overflow tank

Between hot and cold marks

Some older cars, remove radiator cap

1

″

down in radiatorSlide25

Checking Power Steering FluidEngine offLocated in clear, plastic reservoir

Check level to side markingsSome vehicles require removal of dipstick from power steering pump

Check dipstick

If fluid is low, check for leaks

Replace as needed with correct fluid

Smells like burned rubber

Flush and replace fluidSlide26

Checking Brake FluidInspect twice yearlyLocate master cylinder

Located in clear, plastic reservoirCheck level to side markings

Some vehicles require removal of reservoir cover

1/4

″

down from top

Replace as needed with correct fluid Slide27

Checking FluidsHydraulic clutch fluidClutch master cylinder similar to brake master cylinder

If low, add brake fluidManual steering fluid

Check by removing fill plug or bolt from box or rack top

Almost even with top

If low, add recommended fluidSlide28

Checking Fluids (Cont.)Windshield washer solutionNormally visible through storage tank

Aids in cleaning and prevents ice formationReplace as needed with correct solutionSlide29

Checking BatteryNew cars use maintenance-free batteriesCheck electrolytes if needed

Clean top and terminalsBaking soda and waterSlide30

Filter serviceVarious filters may need replacing during lubrication serviceAir filters

Fuel filtersCabin filtersSlide31

Chassis LubricationInvolves greasing high-friction points on vehicleMay include lubricating locks, hinges, latches, and other body parts

Grease jobLubrication of high-friction pivot points on suspension, steering, and drive train systems using grease gunSlide32

Grease JobSlide33

Body LubricationEngine oilHard-to-reach high-friction points

GraphiteExcellent for door and trunk locksDry stick (wax) lubricant

For door latches and strikersSlide34

Body Lubrication (Cont.)Chassis greaseGood all-around lubricant

Silicone lubricantWeather stripping and windows

Canned, sprays on drySlide35

Checking TiresInspect tire treadsGrooves at least 1/8

″ deepCheck tire pressureRemove cap and check pressure with tire gauge

Compare pressure to tire specs

Add air if needed

Recheck until correctSlide36

Service IntervalsSlide37

General Inspection and Problem LocationHoseDrive belt

WiringTireSteering system

Exhaust system

BrakesSlide38

Fluid LeaksBad gaskets, seals, or hosesCracks in parts

Become familiar with different fluidsColorSmell

FeelSlide39

Fluid Leaks (Cont.)Tend to flow downward and toward rear of vehicleFix leaks located highest and farthest forward first

Badly soiledClean area to better find source of leak

Most frequent cause of leakage is broken gaskets and worn sealsSlide40

Fluid Leaks (Cont.)Stop-leak productsDesigned to recondition leaking seal

Seal torn or warpedProduct will not workCooling system products use small particles to fill leaking openingSlide41

Noise Detection and LocationAbnormal noises and unwanted soundsKnocks

ClunksRattlesClicks

Hisses

Indicate part wear or mechanical problemsSlide42

Noise Detection and Location (Cont.)To pinpoint noisesListen

Use stethoscope Use long screwdriver

Section of vacuum hoseSlide43

Auto Shop WastesUsed motor oilOther discarded lubricants

Transmission and differential fluidsUsed partsCleaners and degreasersSlide44

Auto Shop Wastes (Cont.)Carburetor and injection system cleanersRust removers

Paint thinnersWorn out batteriesTires and catalytic convertersSlide45

Auto Shop Wastes (Cont.)Facilities that generate over 220 lb. of hazardous waste monthlyFile Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest before removing waste

No manifest needed for recycled materialsSlide46

RecyclingSome recycling materials considered hazardous waste unless destined to be recycledMotor oil

CoolantsNever mix together

Refrigerants

Never vent into atmosphereSlide47

Other RecyclablesCatalytic convertersContain platinum

Worn tiresRetreadingShredded for road resurfacing

Batteries

Make new batteries

Brake shoes

Make reconditioned brake shoesSlide48

Other Recyclables (Cont.)Small assemblies (alternators, starters, master cylinders, etc.)Rebuilt

Plastic bumpers and body partsVarious recycling options