Unbroken TraditionsBASKETWEAVERS OF THE MEADOWSBAKERS FAMILY IN NORTH - PDF document

1 Unbroken Traditions:BASKETWEAVERS OF THE
Unbroken Traditions:BASKETWEAVERS OF THE MEADOWSBAKERS FAMILY IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Virtual Tour Tour OutlineVirtual Tour Learning and Activity LinksIntroduction to the Valene L. Smith Museum of AnthropologyCSU, Chico Land Acknowledgment StatementIndigenous California basketry t

2 raditions The MeadowsBaker Family Tradit
raditions The MeadowsBaker Family Traditional Ecological KnowledgeBasketry Materials, Techniques and ToolsGathering, Processing, Storing and Cooking AcornsMuseums and DecolonizationThanking our ConsultantsFilm Link: Bound to TraditionMore Resources for Learning Learning and Activ

3 ity Links FAMILY ACTIVITIES Turtle Weavi
ity Links FAMILY ACTIVITIES Turtle Weaving Animal Tales K-12 Fire Ecology Scavenger Hunt COLLEGE COURSES Virtual Tour Questions Welcome to the Museum! The Valene L. Smith Museum of Anthropology is located on the campus of California State University, Chico. For fifty years the m

4 useum has been a place of learning for s
useum has been a place of learning for students and visitors of all ages! Our exhibits are created by students in museum studies classes. This exhibit was curated by Meegan Sims and Coral Doyle, who are earning their Masters Degree in Anthropology with an Emphasis in Museum Stud

5 ies. Meegan and Coral worked in consult
ies. Meegan and Coral worked in consultation with Native American consultants, curators and directors to create the exhibit. We acknowledge and are mindful that CSU, Chico, stands on lands that were originally occupied by the first people of this area, the Mechoopda, and we rec

6 ognize their distinctive spiritual relat
ognize their distinctive spiritual relationship with this land and the waters that run through campus. We are humbled that our campus resides upon sacred lands that once sustained the Mechoopda people for centuries. Image of Chico Creek on the campus of CSU, Chico, c

7 ourtesy of Jason Halley. Priorto Calif
ourtesy of Jason Halley. Priorto California’s statehood and for many years after, California Indians were forcibly removed from their lands and separated from their children through genocidal legislation and the indenturing of individuals as property. Many children were pla

8 ced in boarding schools and Native Ameri
ced in boarding schools and Native Americans were forced to give up their traditions such as language, basketweaving, and other spiritual and ceremonial traditions. Lilly Baker preparing basket materials In spite of devastating intergenerational trauma, vital traditions such as b

9 asketweaving, ceremonies and language, t
asketweaving, ceremonies and language, to name a few, continue today.Image of Lilly baker making a basket Today, basketry continues to be a dynamic cultural tradition for many Indigenous peoples in California. Through basketry, basketweaversexpress cultural traditions and values,

10 ecological knowledge, artistic vision,
ecological knowledge, artistic vision, personal, familial, tribal history and more. Image of a 2018 basketry workshop courtesy of the California Indian Basketweavers Association. For many Native American groups in California, baskets play an integral role in their ceremonies a

11 nd daily life. WavernaReese instructing
nd daily life. WavernaReese instructing a student at a 2018 basketry workshop. Images courtesy of the California Indian Basketweavers Association Can you name something that can be used for harvesting, storing, processing, cooking and serving nuts and seeds, as well as carrying b

12 abies, holding water, ceremony, gifts, h
abies, holding water, ceremony, gifts, hats, hunting, fishing, and more? Hint, hint…Basket made by Lucy Baker. Types of BasketsBaskets have multiple uses. The different types of baskets include: burden baskets, gathering baskets, seedbeaters, basketry traps, storage baske

13 ts, mortar hoppers, winnowing, sifting a
ts, mortar hoppers, winnowing, sifting and parching trays, leaching baskets, cooking baskets, feast baskets, water bottles, women’s hats, cradleboards, gift baskets, ceremonial baskets and more. Large cooking basket Seedbeaterand Gathering basket Small bowl Grinding Mortar

14 Tray Bowl Baskets, from left to right
Tray Bowl Baskets, from left to right, bowl made by Jennie Meadows, large cooking basket (Miwok, basketweaverunknown), small bowl by Polly Jackson, tray by Kate MeadowsMcKinney, seedbeaterand gathering basket (basketweaverunknown). Basketry traditions are often passed down th

15 rough generations. The baskets below wer
rough generations. The baskets below were made by Mountain Maidu women of the MeadowsBaker families, spanning multiple generations. Each basket is unique and reveals the basketweaver’spersonal and cultural connections to the land. Baskets from the Meadows Baker Extended Famil

16 y from left to right: bowl (back) by Kat
y from left to right: bowl (back) by Kate MeadowsMckinney , bowl (front) by Kate MeadowsMckinney, tray (center) by Selena Jackson, small bowl (front) by Selena Jackson, large bowl (back) by Selena Jackson. The resiliency, artistry,

17 and wisdom of the MeadowsBaker families
and wisdom of the MeadowsBaker families are illustrated in their baskets. Women Weavers of the MeadowsBaker Family The master weavers pictured here drew from a deep understanding of ecology, harvesting and processing natural materials, and intricate weaving techniques. This was

18 paired with creative and meaningful bas
paired with creative and meaningful basketry design.DaisyKateLillyRoseSelena Pictured from left to right, Daisy Baker, Kate Meadows Mckinney(top middleLilly Baker (bottom middle), Rose Meadows(top right), and Selena Jackson (bottom right). Images courtesy of the Kurtz family.

19 The MeadowsBaker Family Tree Have you e
The MeadowsBaker Family Tree Have you ever read a genealogy chart? Here’s how: Thepeople next to each other that are connected by double lines are married. Their children are connected to them by a single line that extends below them. For example, using the chart, we can se

20 e that Billy Baker and Daisy Meadows Bak
e that Billy Baker and Daisy Meadows Baker had five children. The starred individuals are basketweavers from the family with baskets in the exhibit. Many members of the MeadowsBaker family were Mountain Maidu, and traditionally lived near the upper North and Middle forks of the

21 Feather River in the areas of GenesseVal
Feather River in the areas of GenesseValley, Indian Valley, Taylorsville, Big Meadows, Lake Almanor, and Honey Lake Valley. Image of California rivers from of Wikipedia. Connection to the Land The journey to becoming a master basketweaverbegins with developing a connection t

22 o and knowledge of the land from which t
o and knowledge of the land from which the plant materials are managed and harvested. The understanding used to manage and gather plant materials for making baskets is part of what is referred to as Traditional Ecological Knowledge, also known as TEK. Traditional Ecological Knowl

23 edge consists of gaining intimate knowle
edge consists of gaining intimate knowledge of one’s surrounding natural environment, and the passing of that knowledge from generation to generation of practitioners. Unfortunately, traditional or sacred lands used for retrieving materials for baskets or used for ceremonial

24 purposes have beeimpacted by pesticides,
purposes have beeimpacted by pesticides, structures, logging, mining, flooding, displacement, and restricted or prohibited access. Still, traditions have endured, and local Mountain Maidu have formed the Maidu Cultural and Development Group, a nonprofit organization that encourag

25 es coordination with the US Forest Servi
es coordination with the US Forest Service to recognize and work with the Maidu as land stewards. Land management decisions with Maidu include transplanting native plants such as gray willow, eradication of nonnative invasive plant species, and managing beargrassin traditional loc

26 ations for gathering. It is important to
ations for gathering. It is important to recognize that lifeways and cultural practices of tribal and indigenous peoples can offer modern societies lessons in the management of ecosystems and natural resources. Butterfly basket, pictured above, made by Lilly Baker. Basketweaving

27 MaterialsSome common materials used in b
MaterialsSome common materials used in basketmakingin Northern California are beargrassbracken fern root, bulrush root, tule, conifer roots, deergrasshazel, maidenhair fern, redbud, sedge root, willow, woodwardiafern or giant chain fernOther materials, such as feathers, beads, por

28 cupine quills, and commercial fabrics, a
cupine quills, and commercial fabrics, are used for decorating basketsOnce plant materials are harvested and processed, they can be kept bundled, shown right, and are ready to use. Spotlight on Lilly Baker: Masterweaverand Teacher(1911Lill

29 y Baker came from a long line of skilled
y Baker came from a long line of skilled Maidu basketmakers. She learned how to gather and process materials and weave from her mother Daisy, and her grandmother, Kate MeadowsMcKinney who learned from her mother, Jennie Meadows.Yet, her first attempt at making a basket did not go

30 well. Frustrated, Lilly threw out her b
well. Frustrated, Lilly threw out her basket. Her father later found the discarded basket, repaired it, and gave it back to Lilly to finish. Lilly went on to become a skilled basketweaverand became a mentor and taught classes on weaving. She walked in two worlds, contemporary li

31 fe and that of a traditional Maidu woman
fe and that of a traditional Maidu woman. Lilly’s legacy lives on through stories about her life, the baskets she created, and her basketry students. Lilly Baker selecting materials for a basket. When you weave a design into a basket, you put the spirit of what you are wea

32 ving right into the basket.Lilly BakerLi
ving right into the basket.Lilly BakerLilly Baker working with basketry materials in her home. Succession of Teaching Basketweaving Although Lilly Baker never had children, her legacy still lives on. Her students Denise Davis (Mountain Maidu) and ShiwayaPeck (Mountain Maidu) have

33 continued to weave baskets and teach ot
continued to weave baskets and teach others about basket making. Sue Campbell (Mountain Maidu) and Marlene Montgomery (Pit River), who were taught by Denise Davis, have also become teachers and advocates. Basketry TECHNIQUES, TOOLS, AND USE Lilly Bakers Basketry Supplies Twi

34 ned BasketsMost of the baskets in the ex
ned BasketsMost of the baskets in the exhibit are twinned or coiled. Twined baskets are made of warps which radiate outward like spokes and wefts that bind the warps together. Warps are the sticks that provide structure to the basket, whereas the wefts are used to secure the stick

35 s in place. Wefts comprise the material
s in place. Wefts comprise the material that is sewn around the foundation or interior of a basket. Twined basket by Kate MeadowsMckinney Wefts Warps Coiled BasketsCoiled baskets are made with a foundation that spirals from the base (bottom) to the rim (top). These may be made by

36 coiling the plant material (wefts) arou
coiling the plant material (wefts) around the warps moving counterclockwise or clockwise, depending on the design of the basket, tribal tradition, or a basketweaver’spreference. Coiled Basket by Jennie Meadows Warps Wefts Lilly Baker’s ToolsIn the photo to the right Li

37 lly Baker holds a metal awl a sharppoint
lly Baker holds a metal awl a sharppointed tool that can be used to sew plant material around the basket foundation.Other tools such as scissors, sharpening stones, a knife, and spoon were used as well. The spoon (pictured right) is a tool that Lilly created to shape plant shoots.

38 When willow rods were pulled through th
When willow rods were pulled through the holes, imperfections and bulges were shaved off quickly without having to use the pocket knife. I never know what the design of the basket will be when I start. It just happens…It is the Maidu in me coming through my fingers. Lilly