THA JOURNAL OF DUSTRIAL - PDF document

1 Oct., 191 I THA JOURNAL OF ]&DUSTRIAL
Oct., 191 I THA JOURNAL OF ]&DUSTRIAL on the The formula hundred per cent. minus (acidity per cent. canned toma- or smaller, higher results being found water oven, due perhaps canned tomatoes summary into inference one draws ,should First, there trade standard from the a can a can added water temperature, added expressed in canned tomatoes are Fifth, the shaken out little over per cent. AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. FARGO. N. D. 747 AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTkY. CIDER VINEGAR. By FRANK E. MOTT. Received June 20, 191 1 cider vine- The method depends upon PART I. fermented product apple juice, dilute derived from the the apple waste extract has adulteration may positive polarization TABLE I. Polarization. rn ov., 20oc., Q i? R Sugars. P206,mg. 2 200 mm. tube. 2 34 0.36 normal 1.13 1 13 14.3 7 3 1 21 +0 2 f0.2 been found and the such as have found in The manufacturer in the keeps pace with government chemist, and that cider vinegar spurious article mentioned article mentioned I. lABLK 11. Polarization, -' ov., 20T.. P?Oi, my. 200 mm. tuhe. ---- 7 2 50 0 32 (normall 0.728 14 8 8 1 ii 10.0 ~0.0 2.30 0.33 " 0.733 12 0 i 3 I 57 --0 6 -0 6 2.67 0 32 " 0,688 I1 8 6 5 1.98 -0.2 --0.2 2.i5 0.36 " 0.682 11 0 6.2 2.06 --0.2 - 0.2 276 0..34 " 0.6XX 1l.i 6.3 2.07 -02 4.2 1 References at the end of the paper. sec (1 1. 748 THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL cider vine- Here every in cider be passed extract. Later be shown and the PART 11

2 . THE RELATION BETWEEN LEVULOSE AND DEX
. THE RELATION BETWEEN LEVULOSE AND DEXTROSE IX PURE CIDER VINEGAR. present in invert sugar, each sugar are best a practical application dextrose present in formulae derived Browne in 0.793 R-P I. Levulose (Lzo0) = - 2.08 where IC equals per cent. of reducing sugars, as dex- trose, and P is the polarization, degrees V., 20’ C., zoo mm. tube, on a basis of 26.048 grams in IOO cc. above mentioned. these formulae, cited article dextrose in p X 26.048 total solids P= corrected polarization mm. tube. substituted for Making use calculated in known purity,3 plotted against as ab- AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY. Oct.. 1911 and the line shown reliable published in analysis L value found was reasoned cider vinegar would be measured, though D. And extract, etc., right, though be used TABLE IV. Pure cider vinegar. cent. ex- 2.1 2.5 4.0 4.6 8.0 8.3 12.6 13 .O vinegar plus apple A_____ Per cent. ex- cess D over Per cent. ex- cess D over L by for- L calculated mulae of from polariza- Browne. tion at 87’ C. 7.4 7.3 3.6 3.2 2.3 2.7 1.5 1.8 0.0 Pol. ‘V. kO.0 87°C. preparing Table his own analyses varied this paper reducing power Oct., 1911 THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERIA'G CHEIZlISTRY. 749 the author aldehyde error. as computed aldehyde error, mm. tube. The 'rABLE \'. Haldwin ........ 24.6 17.4 7.2 10.9 --0.5 --1.2 King ........... 23.1 15.0 8.1 11.8 -1.1 --1.9 Greening., ...... 26.4 14 6 11.8 13.9 -1 .O -2.2 Russet., ....

3 .... 19.8 15 .1 4.7 7.2 -0.6 ---1
.... 19.8 15 .1 4.7 7.2 -0.6 ---1 .2 Mixed, pressing, 17 5 12 9 4 6 8.6 -0.5 --I 0 discrepancy between and the experimental error. made between Browne in cider vine- sugars obtained by the and the mm. tube. TABLE \'I Computed by formulae of Browne. Baldwin.. ....... 19.7 8 8 10.9 10 9 -0.5 -1 2 King ............ 18.7 7.4 11.3 118 -1.1 -1.9 Greening ......... 23.1 9.1 14.0 13.9 -1.0 -2.2 Russet. .......... 16.0 8.6 7.4 7 2 -0.6 -1 .2 Mixed, pressing,. 14.2 i 1 7.1 8.6 -0 5 -1 .O very satisfactory agreement value with error eliminated, computed from evident. The same aldehyde error eliminated. Thus value with some such as in line which line was tained by cider vinegar, error eliminated. In Table VII, crosses indicate the results actuall:. obtained in analysis. Application of the method employed in the coni- putation of the values used in the plotting of Table 1'11 vas then made to the analyses given in Table 11. TABLE \TI I, Thc results so obtained appear in Table VIII: Computed 11s the formulae oi Browne. total excess solids. solids. over 11.1 19 .O 7.9 15.5 17 .8 2.3 10.8 15.9 5.1 10.4 15.3 4.9 10.4 15.3 4.9 Per cenl. excess J) over I*, �I, 200 mni. from P. ----- at87'C. 87'C. 2OoC 8.0 +0.6 *o.o 0.0 10.0 -0.6 5.0 f0.4 -0.2 4.9 +0.4 -0.2 4.9 +0.4 -0.2 and the parent. The mitted adulteration so-called boiled DISCUSSION OF RESULTS. in pure cider vinegar. That the discrepancy between

4 value for values for 7 50 a value wi
value for values for 7 50 a value with error eliminated, plot in Table instrumental error agreement between D over Browne being then the THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL SUMMARY. present in A relation exists between and the reasonable precision Computed from present available, which give sucrose being Whenever a value for found in a cider fermented product apple juice, usually dextrose. the author relation between L in cider vinegar Determine the absence of sucrose by polarization before and after inversion. Total Solids.-Place dryness on remain on AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY. Oct., 191 1 in a hot air the total solids in dissolved. Rinse up to obtained, determine clarification for tion has filter. Polarize 0.793 R-P Calculation. x L = , where R is 2.08 per cent. aldehyde error p X 26.048 total solids' P= where p is the polarization of the previously mentioned. who criticized article previous REFERESCES. I. Reducing sugars, expressed as dextrose, and determined as given the Summary. 439 (1906). H Hickey, Dept. Agr.. Dairy and this plot was published analyses. Such values contain aldehyde error, in the results for Dept. Agr., INSPECTION, HEALTH �TENT. CITY OF BOSTON, 1fASS.. LABORATORY STUDIES OF PEPSIN, PANCREATIN AND COMBINATIONS OF THESE FERMENTS. By A. ZIMMERMAN. Received Aug. 28, 1911 time entertained generally accepted to the conduct certain laboratory experiments accepted as Pharmaceutical Chemists, American Chem- ical Society. June Meeti