Mild or nonspecific symptoms Moderate but subthreshold symptoms First episode Severe persistent or unremitting illness Incomplete remission relapse or multiple relapses Major depressive disorder MDD ID: 1033229
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Increased risk, no symptoms" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
1. Increased risk, no symptomsMild or non-specific symptomsModerate but sub-threshold symptomsFirst episode Severe, persistent, or unremitting illnessIncomplete remission, relapse, or multiple relapsesMajor depressive disorder (MDD)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)MDD and ADHD are often seen clinically as comorbid disorders, with prevalence rates as high as 50%1-3Current MDD increases the risk of probable ADHD by 4.5 times4ADHD is a distinct diagnosis from MDD because, in MDD, difficulty with concentration becomes prominent during a depressive episode5Interestingly, as shown in the graph, the prevalence of ADHD symptoms appears to be linked to the clinical stage of MDD, with a peak of prevalence during Stage 4 (chronic depressive disorder, characterised by severe, persistent, or unremitting illness)4In one study, patients with MDD and ADHD had a higher frequency of generalised anxiety disorder and social phobia, when compared to patients with ADHD alone6ADHD symptom prevalence across clinical stages of MDD4,7ADHD=attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; MDD=major depressive disorderKatzman et al. BMC Psychiatry 2017;17:302Torgersen et al. Nord J Psychiatry 2006;60(1):38–43Kessler et al. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163(4):716–723Bron et al. J Affect Disord 2016;197:29–35APA. DSM-5. 2013Fischer et al. J Psychiatr Res 2007;41(12):991–996; 7. McGorry et al. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006;40(8):616–62210510152025ADHD prevalence (%)01A1B234Clinical stages of MDD7