Elytra hard sclerotized front wings that serve as protective covers for membranous hind wings Hemelytra leatheryparchmentlike front wings at base and membranous near tip Tegmina ID: 1026364
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1. Review …ptera (wings)
2. Elytra: hard, sclerotized front wings that serve as protective covers for membranous hind wings
3. Hemelytra: leathery/parchment-like front wings at base and membranous near tip
4. Tegmina: front wings that are completely leathery or parchment-like in texture
5. Halteres: small, club-like hind wings that serve as gyroscopic stabilizers during flight
6. Scaly wings: front and hind wings covered with flattened setae (scales)
7. Frenulum: Bristle near base of hind wing that holds front and hind wings together
8. Hamuli: tiny hooks on hind wing that hold front and hind wings together
9. Morphology: insect mouth types
10. Morphology: insect legs
11. Hymenoptera
12. HymenopteraantsbeeswaspssawfliesJunction bw thorax and abdomen:Symphyta (broad)Apocrita (narrow)“hymen” – membrane “ptera” - wings
13. The narrow “waist” in apocrita(gaster)
14. Mesosoma
15. Chewing mouthparts - except in bees (proboscis)Well developed compound eyesTriangular stigma in fore wingsHind wings smaller than front wings, linked together by small hooks (hamuli)Tarsi usually 5 segments
16. Classification of Afrotropical hymenopteraSymphytaApocritaAculeata Parasitica4 superfamilies3 superfamilies12 superfamilies5 families26 families41 families
17. Aculeata: stingersNot all sting: in these the ovipositors are modified for other purposes or completely absent
18. Aculeata superfamiliesApoidea: 10 familiesChrysidoidea: 7 familiesVespoidea: 9 families
19. ApoideaPronotum shortened and collar-like terminating in rounded lobes that do not extend to the tegulae
20.
21. Identify Apoidea54321
22. Subfamily Apoidea: 2 groupsApiformes (bees)Spheciformes (sphecoid wasps)