Sharing Electrons The names of molecular compounds need prefixes because several different compounds can be formed from the same two nonmetals Learning Goal Given the formula of a molecular compound write its correct name given the name of a molecular compound write its formula ID: 1043695
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1. 6.5 Molecular Compounds: Sharing ElectronsThe names of molecular compounds need prefixes because several different compounds can be formed from the same two nonmetals.Learning Goal Given the formula of a molecular compound, write its correct name; given the name of a molecular compound, write its formula.
2. Covalent BondsMolecular compounds form whenatoms of two or more nonmetals share electrons and form a covalent bond.valence electrons are shared by nonmetal atoms to achieve stability.A molecule forms when two or more atoms share electrons.Core Chemistry Skill Writing the Names and Formulas for Molecular Compounds
3. Names and Formulas, MolecularCompoundsWhen naming a molecular compound, thefirst nonmetal in the formula is named by its element name.second nonmetal is named using the first syllable of the name followed by ide.When a subscript indicates two or more atoms of an element, a prefix is shown in front of its name.
4. Names and Formulas, MolecularCompoundsSeveral compounds may be formed from the same two nonmetals: CO2 = carbon dioxide CO = carbon monoxideThe number of oxygen atoms present is indicated by the prefix.When the vowels o and o or a and o appear together, the first vowel is omitted. NO = nitrogen monoxide,
5. Common Molecular Compounds
6. Guide to Naming Molecular Compounds
7. Symbol of the Element N ClANALYZE THE Name nitrogen chloride PROBLEM Subscript 1 3 Prefix none tri Naming Molecular Compounds, NCl3Name the molecular compound NCl3.STEP 1 Name the first nonmetal by its element name. In NCl3, the first nonmetal (N) is nitrogen.
8. Naming Molecular Compounds, NCl3Name the molecular compound NCl3.STEP 2 Name the second nonmetal by using the first syllable of the element name followed by ide. In NCl3, the second nonmetal (Cl) is chloride.STEP 3 Add prefixes to indicate the number of atoms (subscripts). Because there is one nitrogen atom, no prefix is needed. The subscript 3 for the Cl atoms is shown as the prefix tri. The name of NCl3 is nitrogen trichloride.
9. Study CheckName the molecular compound B2O3.
10. Symbol of the Element B OANALYZE THE Name boron oxide PROBLEM Subscript 2 3 Prefix di tri Name the molecular compound B2O3.STEP 1 Name the first nonmetal by its element name. In B2O3, the first nonmetal (B) is boron.STEP 2 Name the second nonmetal by using the first name followed by ide. The name of the second nonmetal (O) is oxide.Solution
11. SolutionName the molecular compound B2O3.STEP 3 Add prefixes to indicate the number of atoms (subscripts). In B2O3, the first nonmetal (B) has the subscript of 2, which is shown as the prefix di. The subscript of 3 for the O atoms is shown as the prefix tri. The name of B2O3 is diboron trioxide.
12. Guide to Writing Formulas from the Names of Molecular Compounds
13. Study CheckWrite the molecular formula for diphosphorus pentoxide.
14. Write the molecular formula for diphosphorus pentoxide.STEP 1 Write the symbols in the order of the elements in the name.STEP 2 Write any prefixes as subscripts. The prefix di in diphosphorus indicates there are two phosphorus atoms. The prefix penta in pentoxide indicates there are five oxygen atoms. P2O5Solution
15. Compounds, Ionic or Covalent? A compound is usuallyionic if the first element in the formula or the name is a metal or the polyatomic ion NH4+. K2O: K is a metal; the compound is ionic. potassium oxide covalent if the first element in the formula is a nonmetal. N2O: N is a nonmetal; the compound is covalent. dinitrogen oxide
16. Flowchart, Naming Compounds
17. Select the correct name for each compound.1. SiCl4 A. silicon chloride B. tetrasilicon chloride C. silicon tetrachloride2. P2O5 A. phosphorus oxide B. phosphorus pentoxide C. diphosphorus pentoxide3. Cl2O7 A dichlorine heptoxide B. dichlorine oxide C. chlorine heptoxide Study Check
18. Select the correct name for each compound.1. SiCl4 C. silicon tetrachloride2. P2O5 C. diphosphorus pentoxide3. Cl2O7 A. dichlorine heptoxideSolution
19. Identify each compound as ionic or covalent and give its correct name.A. SO3B. BaCl2C. (NH4)3PO3D. Cu2CO3E. N2O4Study Check
20. Identify each compound as ionic or covalent and give its correct name.A. SO3 covalent – sulfur trioxideB. BaCl2 ionic – barium chlorideC. (NH4)3PO3 ionic – ammonium phosphiteD. Cu2CO3 ionic – copper(I) carbonateE. N2O4 covalent – dinitrogen tetroxideSolution