The End of the Cold War: The Expansion of Democracy and Continuing Challenges - PowerPoint Presentation

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The End of the Cold War: The Expansion of Democracy and Continuing Challenges

Review of China, USSR, andCold War Foreign Policies

Nixon to Carter Diplomacy/Foreign Policy

Cold War 1949-1991 – USSR/US

Space race, Berlin Wall, Korean War, Vietnam War, Cuba, culture in USWhat causes a country to become weak?

Why might the Soviet Union collapse/break apart at the end of the Cold War (1989-1991)?Think about technology, diplomacy, censorship, isolationism

Cold War 1949-1991 – USSR/US

Space race, Berlin Wall, Korean War, Vietnam War, Cuba, culture in USWhat causes a country to become weak?

Why might the Soviet Union collapse/break apart at the end of the Cold War (1989-1991)?Think about technology, diplomacy, censorship, isolationism

The End of the Cold War: The Expansion of Democracy and Continuing Challenges

Review of China, USSR, andCold War Foreign Policies

Nixon to Carter Diplomacy/Foreign Policy

Cold War 1949-1991 – USSR/US

Space race, Berlin Wall, Korean War, Vietnam War, Cuba, culture in USWhat causes a country to become weak?

Why might the Soviet Union collapse/break apart at the end of the Cold War (1989-1991)?Think about technology, diplomacy, censorship, isolationism

USSR

Russia ARMENIA

Estonia

AZERBAIJANLatvia KazakhstanLithuania UzbekistanBelarus KyrgyzstanMoldova TurkmenistanUkraine TajikistanGEORGIA

Italicized = new Euro countriesUnderlined = Muslim Asian countriesCAPITALIZED = CAUCASUSWarsaw PactPolandE. GermanyCzechoslovakiaAustriaSwitzerlandHungaryRomaniaBulgaria

American Policy of detente

REVIEW

Nixon (President 1969-1974) entered office to find:- Anti-communist feelings (that he shared)

- Benefit of open relationships for trade, technology advances- Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) – isolationism, few trade and diplomatic opportunities with US- No recognition of Communist China, recognize Chinese Taiwan instead- Strained USSR-China relationship- Met with Mao to ease diplomatic relations 1971 – US dropped 21 year embargo on trade with China 1972 – historic visit with Mao in China, opened entry to the United Nations

NEWDetente- an ending of unfriendly or hostile relations between countries – cooling tensionsCold War Detente - permanent relaxation in international affairs (mostly between US-China-USSR)Nixon wanted to:- Use USSR-China tension to benefit the US – TRIANGULAR POLICY Balance of power between the 3 countries- Ease arms race tension with USSR – SALT ACCORD Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty: limit nuclear arms- Open trade with USSR and have a joint space exploration

“Because we are free, we can never be indifferent to the fate of freedom elsewhere. Our moral sense dictates a clear-cut preference for those societies which share with us an abiding respect for individual human rights

.” - Jimmy Carter, Inaugural Address 1/20/77

Jimmy Carter’s Foreign Policy – Human Rights Basis for Diplomacy

President from 1977-1981 When US sees a threat to human rights, it will speak up Violations in Czechoslovakia, USSR, Uganda, China Reduce foreign aid to countries who violate human rights Rights to: be free from government violation of the integrity of the person; fulfill vital needs such as food, shelter, and education;

civil and political freedoms US use diplomatic tools public statements consultations with allies cooperation with non-gov’t and int’l organizations

Gerald Ford

- worked with communist countries in creating Human Rights organization

Read pages 832-837

pay close attention to:

détenteSALTPresidential diplomacy

Afghanistan solidarity Gorbechev glasnost