What is it Throughout history carriage driving was a prominent form of transportation for people and goods for centuries Today driving has become less mandatory for daily life and is a competitive sport and pleasure experience but it is still used for some commercial jobs ID: 1020338
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1. Equine Carriage Drivinghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWLrB2t8AKo
2. What is it?Throughout history carriage driving was a prominent form of transportation for people and goods for centuries.Today, driving has become less mandatory for daily life and is a competitive sport and pleasure experience, but it is still used for some commercial jobs.There are wide varieties of types of drivingDriving is not limited to just the cartIt includes pulling
3. Beginnings of the Horse and CartThe horse was estimated to be domesticated in 4000 BCEHorses are thought to have been ridden before they pulled any type of cartHorses are estimated to be used to pull carts by 3000 BCEThe war chariot was invented in 1800 BCEThis led to the chariots used by the Roman in the Colosseum
4. History of Horse PullingHorses pulling the plow and wagon revolutionized agricultureIncreased the amount of land farmers could plantIncreased the haul load of product by the farmerHorses pulling carriages became an asset to townsHorses pulling the fire trucks and heavy loads to build the railroads paved the way for new cities to formHigh class citizens owned fine horses and carriages and showed them off in the park for pleasure or for public appearance
5. Horses and Driving TodayPleasure driving has become more common and machines have replaced horses in almost every commercial areaHowever horses are still used on farms today to plow the landDifferent types of driving competitions have become popular to the horse enthusiastBreed Associations have various driving classes for their competitors to compete in besides just riding classesHorse carriage rides in cities have become very popular for tourists
6. Equine Breeds used in DrivingDraft Horses:Large, thick bone, capable of carrying large loadsMain work is on a farm or pulling heavy loaded carsExamples:ClydesdaleShireBelgian
7. Equine Breeds used in DrivingLight Carriage Horses:Medium sized horses, quick, and capable of traveling long distancesMain work is pleasure driving or racingExamples:Hackney HorseQuarter HorseStandardbred Horse
8. Equine Breeds used in DrivingPony Carriage Horses:Small horses that are used specifically for competitions, pleasure driving, or light load pullingMain work is pleasure and competition drivingExamples:Miniature HorseHaflingerWelsh Pony
9. Multiple Hitch DrivingTandem: 1 horse or pony in front of anotherPairs: 2 horses side by side
10. Multiple Hitch DrivingFour in Hand: 4 horses (2 in the back and 2 in the front)Unicorn: 2 horses in the back and 1 in the front
11. Clydesdales, Hackney Horses, and Mules?Yes! Driving is NOT limited to just horsesMules have been pulling the plows and heavy loads just like the horses Todays mules are competing in driving in mule shows and in open competitionsThe draft mule’s strength has been marveled at for centuries
12. Donkeys and DrivingDonkeys are more prevalent in pleasure driving than everMiniature and mammoth donkey driving has become more popular since donkeys have been allowed to join local driving clubsDonkeys have been used for pulling and driving for centuries
13. Driving CompetitionsHarness RacingStandardbred horses race around a track at top trot or pace speedCarriage Pleasure DrivingCompetition open to all horses and poniesClasses that judge horses and drivers on the rail and the horses ability to pull the cart and their movement3 Day Driving TrialIncludes: Dressage: Marathon: Cone Driving:
14. Driving CompetitionsDressage: Pattern class that judges the horse or team of horses on their movement and how precisely the pattern is performed
15. Driving CompetitionsMarathon: Timed event. Horses will be out on a cross country course that requires them to maneuver around and through various obstacles
16. Driving CompetitionsCone Driving: The pattern given must be completed by the given time to complete the pattern. The goal is to not knock off any balls from the cones as the horse and cart pass through them.
17. Harness RacingStandardbred Horses are commonly usedThe carts used are called SulkiesHorses either compete as trotters or pacers at top speeds around a trackTrotters: natural trotting gaitPacer: Horses move one side of their legs in tandemTrotterPacer
18. Mule Pull CompetitionMule pull competitions have been going on for decadesTeams of mules have been known to pull over 4,500 poundsWeight is put on a sled and a team of mules will pull the weight until they pass a desired markThe team to pull the most weight winshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LLDD_6cJhQ
19. Safety First!DO…DON’T….The harness and cart fit your horse or pony properlyKnow what to do in case of an accident, emergency, or the unexpectedMake sure your horse or pony is properly trained to pull a cartMake sure an appropriate weight is being pulled by the horse or ponyDrive safelyIf competing be a good loser and don’t get discouragedForget to check harness, cart and MOST IMPORTANT horse or pony soundnessWork your equine if they are unfit to work, sick, or lameDrive in the dark or poor visibility areas on public roadsTake unnecessary risksGet careless about safety
20. Parts of a HarnessReinsCrown PieceBlinderNosebandThroatlatchBitBreast CollarNeck StrapGirthOver GirthSaddleCrupperHip StrapBreechingTracesBrowband
21. Head PiecesCrown PieceBrowbandBlinderNosebandBitThroatlatch
22. Body PiecesReinsNeck StrapSaddleOver GirthGirthBreast CollarTraces
23. Rump PiecesReinsCrupperBreechingHip StrapTraces
24. Common Harness FunctionsBridle, Reins, Head Pieces: help to direct and turn the horse and cartBody PiecesSaddle: helps support the shaftsBreast Collar: what the animal pushes against to pull the cart forewordGirth: Holds the saddle in placeTraces: Connect the breast collar to the cartRump PiecesCrupper: restricts the saddle from sliding up on the horses neckBreeching: When stopping, it keeps the cart from bumping the horse in the rumpBreaks for the cart
25. Fitting the Harnesshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ev37Syt7IEUA: Corner of mouth, over poll, to corner of mouthB: Browband: total length end to endC: NosebandD: Girth CircumferenceE: Backband: Girth to beginning of tailF: Hip strap: Beginning on breeching, over rump, to beginning of breechingG: Breeching: point of hip around rump to point of hipH: Breast collar: From center of saddle skirt around chest to center of skirt on other side
26. How to Harness a HorseSeparate harness into 3 sectionsSaddle Pad, Girth, Crupper, Hip Strap, and BreechingNeck Strap, Breast Collar, and TracesBridle and ReinsPut on the sections in the order list abovehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpLVnnksUwQVideo will include beginning training techniques
27. Common Bits Used while DrivingLiverpoolMost common of all driving bitsA very versatile bit that rein placement can be adjusted for minimum or maximum pressure on the mouthButterflyCommon bit type because of varying mouth pieces (ex: snaffle or bar)Not as popular because it is not as adjustable for rein placement
28. Bit PiecesRein PlacementMaximum Rein PressureMedium Rein PressureLeast Rein PressureCurb Chain: helps keep bit in placeBar Bit: what goes into the horses mouthBridle attaches here
29. Common Types of CartsMeadowbrook Cart- 2 wheelsLight weight, inexpensive and most comfortable cart for daily useFancy enough for competition drivingRoad Cart- 2 wheelsLight weight, inexpensive, and is considered a common utilitarian cartDog Cart- 2 or 4 wheelsCarries up to 4 people and used for country driving Commonly used when driving tandem or four in handIn the past was somewhat utilitarianIn the present these are usually updated and used for show carts
30. Types of Carts Used in the PastDoctors BuggyPhaeton CartSurrey Cart
31. Parts of a Cart Cont.SeatWheelSpokeStep and FootrestFelloes (silver)
32. Parts of a Cart Cont.ShaftsTug DeeShaft Tip
33. Parts of a Cart cont.Breeching DeeSingle Tree
34. Hooking your Horse to a Carthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dh3z5XC1slE
35. Training a Horse how to Drive#1 is SAFETY!Remember!Give your equine time to get used to everything that is encompassed in drivingThis includes the harness, pulling an object, and the cuesNever hook up your equine to the cart for the first time teaching them to driveStart SLOW, begin work in just the saddle, girth, and bridle
36. Training a Horse How to Drive1st Step: Ground DrivingA good way to start your horse, mule, or donkey driving is to slowly introduce driving to themWorking your equine with the bridle and long reins having them wear just the saddle and girthWalk a distance behind them so that they begin to learn walking foreword without you next to them leading themBegin introducing the general cues to walk foreword, turn left, turn right and haltWork both the walk and the trot gaitsIt is important to start in an enclosed space with an equine trainer or professionalRecommended Cues:Walk foreword: “Walk-up”Halt: “Whoa”Turn Left: “Haw”Turn Right: “Gee”
37. Training a Horse how to Drive Cont.2nd Step: Full Harness and Training ToolsOnce your equine can calmly walk and trot, while responding to all the basic cues, with you behind them you can move on to putting the entire harness on them.Repeat the 1st steps with your equine in full harnessWhen you believe your equine is comfortable working in the harness you can begin hooking them up to training toolsExample: log, small tire, pvc pipeAnything they can practice dragging behind them to get used to the weight and noise associated with driving
38. Training a Horse how to Drive Cont.3rd Step: Ground Driving while Hooked to the CartOnce your horse is comfortable hooking, unhooking, and pulling training tools while working different gaits and responding to the cues you can move onto a cartBefore initially hooking the cart to the horse you can help get them used to the shafts by placing two pvc pipes where the shafts would goThis allows the animal to get used to being in between something
39. Training a Horse how to Drive Cont.3rd Step Continued…Once your equine is comfortable with all the above steps you can hook the cart to the animalWalk your equine like you were with the training tools Walk behind the cart before getting in itDO NOT IMMEDIATELY GET INTO THE CART YOUR FIRST HOOK UPGet your equine used to the cart by practicing gaits and cues while you walk behind the cart
40. Training a Horse how to Drive Cont.4th Step: Drive while in the CartOnce your equine’s comfortable working in the cart, WITHOUT you in it, responding to gaits and cues it is time to get in the cartFor safety make sure you are NOT alone when getting in the cart for the first timeBegin in an enclosed area It is best to have an equine trainer or professional helping you throughout the whole processWhen getting in the cart move slowly and calmlyAsk your cues softly giving your equine time to process what you are askingFrom here its practice, practice, practice with your newly trained driving partner
41. Do NOT be Afraid to Ask for Help!It is a VERY good idea to have an equine professional or trainer help you throughout the process of training your equine how to driveDriving can be VERY dangerous to you and your horse so it is important to work slowly, carefully, and most importantly SAFELY!
42. Now What?!You and your equine partner have formed a great partnership, now what?An animal will work its best when they are feeling their bestAlways make sure your equine is NOT:LameSickUnderweightOut of shape Make sure to work your equine consistently so that they are in shape and responsive to your cuesOnce you feel ready, get your equine out for a drive in the park or enter them in a show and enjoy the perks of having an equine that drives!
43. Remember!SAFETY FIRST!
44. Video referenceshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ev37Syt7IEUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dh3z5XC1slEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpLVnnksUwQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LLDD_6cJhQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWLrB2t8AKo
45. Website Referenceshttp://www.svincent.com/CrystalObelisk/DontEatThem/HorseHistoryEurope.htmlhttp://www.drivingessentials.com/Bit%20Overview.phphttp://www.coachmansdelight.com/CGuidePage.asp?pg=GUI15&k=15http://www.xpressbet.com/pdf/HarnessRacing101.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_drivinghttp://www.gloriaaustin.com/harness-glossary.html
46. Book ReferencesO’Carroll, Tom. Beginning Driver’s Clinic. Navasota: Good Hands Training Center, N/A. Print.