Secession Union Confederacy Emancipation Proclamation Gettysburg Address People Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis Robert E Lee Ulysses Grant 1860 1861 1863 1865 1863 EVENTS LEADING UP TO CIVIL WAR ID: 688382
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Slide1
CIVIL WAR
Vocabulary
Sectionalism
Secession
Union
Confederacy
Emancipation Proclamation
Gettysburg Address
People
Abraham LincolnJefferson DavisRobert E. LeeUlysses Grant
1860
1861
1863
1865
1863Slide2
EVENTS LEADING UP TO CIVIL WAR
Missouri Compromise (1820)Compromise of 1850Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)Dred Scott case (1857)John Brown (1859)SectionalismSlide3
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1860In 1860, Stephan Douglas and Abraham Lincoln ran against each other
again (1st time as senators of IL), this time for president Lincoln had become well known from their debates about
slaveryThis time, Lincoln won, becoming the 16th president
He was the first Republican president on a platform pledging to keep slavery out of the territories Slide4
1860 ELECTION RESULTSSlide5
SOUTHERN STATES SECEDELincoln received no support in the South because they believed he wanted to end slavery
Since there were so many more people in the North, he won the election anyway As soon as Lincoln won the election, the South started to
secede This means the South split from the Union. They no longer wanted to be part of the United States
Supporters of secession based their arguments on the idea of states’ rights
They said they had voluntarily joined the union, so they could leave when they wanted Slide6
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICAOn December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede
They were followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and TexasThe eleven states that had seceded formed the Confederate States of America
They named Jefferson Davis as president They wrote a new Constitution which made slavery
legal Slide7Slide8
CIVIL WAR BEGINSThe event that triggered war came at Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay on April 12, 1861
Claiming this United States fort as their own, the Confederate army opened fire on the federal garrison and forced it to lower the American flag in surrenderLincoln called out the militia to suppress this "insurrection." By the end of 1861 nearly a million armed men confronted each other along a line stretching 1200 miles from Virginia to Missouri Slide9
The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free”It freed enslaved persons only in parts of the Confederacy not under the control of the Union army.
The proclamation had no effect on enslaved African Americans in the border states that had not joined the Confederacy Did Lincoln have any say over the Confederate States of America?South
ignored the Emancipation Proclamation, but it did change to focus of the war to the issue of slavery.
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
JANUARY 1, 1863 Slide10
GETTYSBURG ADDRESS NOV 1863
Both sides lost many men (confederates = 28,000, union = 23,000)Confederates
lost the battle of Gettysburg and it was a huge defeat Lincoln visited the battle site to dedicate a cemetery to honor those soldiers who died there His speech created a huge advancement in individual rights in the U.S. He said that all Americans regardless of heritage had a stake in the future of the
nation Lincoln redefined the Civil War as a struggle not just for the Union, but also for the principle of human equality Slide11Slide12
CIVIL WAR ENDS – 1865The Confederacy had lost a huge proportion of their military and those that were left were hungry and demoralized. 360,000 Union soldiers and 260,000 Confederate soldiers died (about 1/3). 375,000 were wounded.
April 14, 1865 – Lincoln Assassination. The attack came only five days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War.Slide13
LINCOLN IS ASSASSINATEDOn April 14, 1865 Lincoln was shot in the head while attending a play in at Ford’s theater in Washington, D.C.
He was the first president ever assassinatedHis killer, John Wilkes Booth escaped, but was shot and killed laterMore than 7,000,000 Americans turned out to mourn -1/3rd of population
The play was a British comedy called,
My American
CousinSlide14
EFFECTS OF CIVIL WARThe Civil War was the deadliest war in American historyOver 620,000 died -nearly as many as all other U.S. wars combinedThe role of the federal government increased
Economically the gap between North and South widened Slavery abolishedNorth=economy boomSouth=economy devastated
U.S. CIVIL WAR 1861-1865Slide15
War
Deaths
% of Total War Deaths
Year for Population Estimate
Estimated Population
Deaths/
Population
Revolutionary War
4,435
0%
1783
2,963,726
0.15%
War of 1812
2,260
0%
1815
8,439,167
0.03%
Mexican War
13,283
1%
1848
21,966,171
0.06%
Civil War
624,511
49%
1865
35,000,846
1.78%
Spanish-American War
2,446
0%
1898
73,565,688
0.00%
World War 1
116,516
9%
1918
103,262,929
0.11%
World War 2
405,399
32%
1945
141,745,184
0.29%
Korean War
36,516
3%
1953
159,725,011
0.02%
Vietnam War
58,152
5%
1973
210,274,081
0.03%