Hooped Shelters for Hogs - PDF document

Page 2 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs czsfevdjohuifsjtltpgtqfdjbmj\bujpo/Bt uifpmetbzjohhpft;őEpoŏuqvubmmzpvsfhht jopofcbtlfu/ŒEjwfstjſdbujpobmtpbmmpxtgps hsfbufssfmjbodfpopo.gbsnsftpvsdftsbuifs uiboqvsdibtfejoqvut/ Jo3115-uifsfxfsfnpsfuibo4111ippqfe tifmufstjoJpxb-nptuvtfegpsiphqspevdujpo/ Ippqfetifmufstbsfbmtpvtfegpsipvtjoh cffgboeebjszdbuumf-ipstft-boetiffq-boe gpstupsjohibz-hsbjo-boenbdijofsz/)Njmmfs- 3116Jujtjnqpsubouuphfubozsfrvjsfe cvjmejohqfsnjutcfgpsfqvuujohvqbippq cbso/)Bopo/-3114 Tpnfbewboubhftboeejtbewboubhftpgsbjt johiphtjoippqfetifmufstdpnqbsfeupdpo ſofnfougbdjmjujftdbocftffojoUbcmf2/ Bddpsejohupuifqvcmjdbujpot IppqCbsotgps Hspx.GjojtiTxjof )BFE.52boe IppqCbsot psHftubujohTpxt )BFE.55-czNjeXftu QmboTfswjdf)tff TpvsdftpgBeejujpobm Jogpsnbujpo; Qvcmjdbujpot cfmpx-ippq cbsotbsfbqqspqsjbufgp bgbsspx.up.ſojtiqspevdfsxip xfbotbcpvu261up311qjhtbub ujnfboevtftpvutjefmput btnbmm-gbsspx.up.ſojtiqspevdfs xipxboutupjnqspwfipvtjohgpsijt Table 1: Advantages (+) and Disadvantages (-) of Hooped Shelters Compared to Confinement Facilities + Lower fixed costs. + Cost of production is lower per pig. + Use homegrown bedding. + Low energy costs, depending on whether ceiling fans, misters, or an automated ventilation system is installed. + Natural ventilation allows for better air movement. + Small, contained groups make it easier for all-in/all-out systems to help prevent diseases. + The structures can be used for other livestock, machinery, and hay storage. + Solid manure has fewer odors than liquid manure and less nutrient loss. + The hooped structures can be constructed quickly and easily. + The taxes and insurance are usually lower, but fire and wind insurance might be harder to find for hoop barns. - Feed efficiency is poorer in winter because of colder environment. - Average daily gain may suffer during hot weather due to lower feed intake. - Producers need to supply a lot of bedding — 200 pounds per pig during summer and 350 pounds per pig during winter. - There are potential health problems because parasites and roundworms can be locked into the manure pack or soil. It is extremely difficult to disinfect the building. - More labor is needed for handling bedding, and possibly for manure management as well. - Additional cost for bedding, if producers can’t grow it themselves. - Pigs may have a slightly fatter carcass during winter months. - Flies can be an annoyance during warm months. - More fighting occurs because of the larger groups of hogs. - More competition because of larger groups may cause more variation in pigs’ weights. - Some dripping from condensation during winter because of high humidity. - Treating sick pigs may require more effort because of larger groups and larger pens. Page 4 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs uifgffefstboevtvbmmzuxpifbufepsgsff\f. qsppgxbufsfst/Uifqbejtuzqjdbmmz7up26 jodiftijhifsuibouifsftupguifƀppsboe jttmjhiumztmpqfeupxbseuifpvutjefupbmmpx xbufsupsvopvupguiftifmufsjgbqspcmfn efwfmpqtxjuiuifxbufsfst/Uifsfnbzcf hbuftboegfodjohpouifjotjefpguifqbeup sftusjduuifiphtuptfwfsbmtnbmmpqfojohtpo fbdifoegpsbddfttupgffeboexbufs/Uijt ifmqtuptfqbsbufuifevohjohbsfbboetmffq johbsfbgspnuifgffeboexbufsbsfb/ Uifdpodsfufgffejohboexbufsjohqbe tipvmeibwfbepxoxbsedvscpouifjotjef fehfpgbumfbtu23up29jodiftupifmqtfqb sbufuifcfeejohgspnuifgffejohbsfb/Uif sftupguiftifmufsdbocffjuifsbejsuƀpps psdpodsfuf/Jotpnftjuvbujpot-potboez tpjmgpsfybnqmf-uifejsuƀppsnvtucfdmbz. mjofeupdpouspmmfbdijohpgovusjfoutjoupuif hspvoexbufs/Jgbejsuƀppsjtvtfe-boe qjhtibwfcffojouifcbsogpstfwfsbmspub ujpot-uifqjhtboenbovsf.mpbejohfrvjq nfoudbotpnfujnftvoefsnjofuifdpodsfuf gffejohbsfb/Jgupptuffqbespq.pggefwfm pqtcfuxffouifdpodsfufboeuifejsuƀpps- junbzcfofdfttbszupqvujoobsspxdpo dsfufsbnqtupifmqqjht-ftqfdjbmmzzpvohfs qjht-hfuupuifgffefstboexbufsfstpouif dpodsfuf/ BddpsejohupuifNjexftuQmboTfswjdfqvc mjdbujpo IppqCbsotgpsHspx.GjojtiTxjof bdpnqmfufdpodsfufƀppsxjmmqsfwfouipht gspnejhhjohjoupuifejsuƀpps/Juxjmmsfevdf cfeejohvtfjouiftvnnfscfdbvtfqjht dboopuejhepxoupuifdppmfstpjm/Jotpnf tubuft-sfhvmbujpotsfrvjsfdpodsfufƀppst upqsfwfouovusjfoutgspnmfbdijohjoupuif voefsmzjohtpjmboehspvoexbufs/ Uifqjhtŏcfeejohjtbeffq-tmpxmzdpn qptujohmjuufspgpshbojdnbuufs-tvdibt tusbx-dpsotubmlt-ibz-fud/Jujtofdfttbsz upnbjoubjobeffqcfeejohqbdlxjuibesz tmffqjohbsfbbubmmujnftpguifzfbs/Uif cbdluijsepguiftifmufsjthfofsbmmzuifesz tmffqjohbsfb-xijmfuifnjeemfuijsejt xifsfuifqjhtevoh/Xfuujohuifbsfbpg uifcbsoxifsfuifqspevdfsxboutuifqjht upvsjobufboeevohxjmmifmqusbjouifqjht upvtfuibubsfb/)Bopo/-3114Uxp.uijset pguiftifmufsŏtƀpps)dpodsfufpsejsujtbmm effq.cfeefe/Tpnfnbovsftdsbqjohps sfnpwbmgspnuifdpodsfufgffejohboexbufs johqbenbzcfofdfttbszjodfsubjohspvqt pgipht/Jguiftifmufsjtfrvjqqfexjuitpnf tpsupgejwjefspsibtbgspoubmmfzxbzupnpwf iphtup-nbovsfdbocfsfnpwfegspntpjmfe bsfbtbmnptubozujnf-vtjohbtlje.mpbefsps busbdupsmpbefsfrvjqqfexjuibhsbqqmjoh gpslpscvdlfu-boebnbovsftqsfbefs/ Gffefsqjhtbsfnpwfeupuiftifmufsxifo uifzxfjhi51up76qpvoetboebsfmfgu jouiftbnftifmufsvoujmuifzsfbdinbslfu xfjhiu/Gffefsqjhtcspvhiujoupuiftifmufst evsjohuifxjoufsoffeupcfifbwjfsupifmq uifnupmfsbufuiftusfttftpgdpmeboenpwjoh/ Juibtcffotvhhftufeuibuqspevdfstnjhiu nblfőivutŒgpsgffefsqjhtcspvhiujoupippq cbsotevsjohuifxjoufs/Uifivutxpvmecf nbefpgtrvbsfpsspvoecbmftxjuifjuifs qmboljohpsqmbtujdpoupq/)Bopo/-3114/ Pddbtjpobmmz-qspcmfntbsjtfxjuiippqfe tifmufstcfdbvtfpgjnqspqfsnbobhfnfou qsbdujdft-tvdibtopuqspwjejohfopvhicfe ejohgpsuifxfbuifsdpoejujpotpscsjohjoh tnbmm-voifbmuizqjhtjoupbdpmecvjmejoh/ Effqcfeejohjtlfzupuiftifmufsŏtqfsgps nbodf/Xifojoepvcu-beenpsfcfeejoh/ Fwfojoxjoufs-befrvbufwfoujmbujponvtucf nbjoubjofecfdbvtfpguifnpjtuvsfhfofs bufeczcpuiuifiphtboeuifcfeejohqbdl/ Tnbmmfsqjhttipvmeqspcbcmzcfqspufdufe gspnxjoet-cvuifbwjfsiphtoffehppe wfoujmbujpo/)Bopo/-3114Ijhiivnjejuzjt bojowjubujpogpsejtbtufsjoiphqspevdujpo/ BhsjdvmuvsbmfohjoffsUfsszGfmenboopg BojnbmFowjsponfouTqfdjbmjtut-Dpmvn cvt-Pijp-jtdpodfsofebcpvutpnfqsp evdfstŏefejdbujpoupnbovbmmzbekvtujoh wfoujmbujpoevsjohfyusfnfipuboedpme ufnqfsbuvsfdibohft-sbuifsuibobvupnbu johuifbekvtunfoupguiffoe.xbmmubsqtjo bnboofstjnjmbsupdvsubjotjobobuvsbmmz wfoujmbufedpoſofnfoucvjmejoh/Iftvh hftutuibuiphtcfcfeefeqspqfsmzupnblf wfoujmbujponpsfdpotubouboedpngpsubcmf- boeuibubtqsjolmfstztufnpstujssjohgbo cfjotubmmfegpstvqqmfnfoubmdppmjohjo ipuxfbuifs/)Nfttfohfs-2::7Tpnfiph qspevdfstepoŏucfmjfwfuibugbotbsfofdft tbsz-cvutvhhftutuspohmzuibuuifibmgnppo eep bedding is key to the shelter’s performance. Page 6 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs nffupshbojdgffesfrvjsfnfout-bddpsejohup VTEBObujpobmPshbojdQsphsbnsfhvmbujpo Tfdujpo316/348-cfdbvtfiphtuzqjdbmmzsppu joboefbutpnfpguifjscfeejoh/ Uifsfjtoptvqqmfnfoubmifbubeefeup ippqfetifmufstxjuibeffqcfeejohtztufn- tpuifxjoufsbjsufnqfsbuvsfjouifippqfe tifmufsjtpomzbcpvu8up21uGxbsnfsuibo jujtpvutjef/)Kboobdti-2::7.8Ipxfwfs- jopoftuvezevsjohuifxjoufs-xjui.31uG ufnqfsbuvsf-bqspcfqmbdfejouifcfe ejohsfhjtufsfeofbsmz211uG/őXifozpv hpjoupuifcvjmejohpodpmenpsojoht-ju mppltmjlfhbupstjobtxbnq-ŒtbztFrvjq nfouTbmftNbobhfsKjnBmcjohfsbuuifBoj nbmIfbmuiDfoufs/őBmmzpvtffjtfzftboe fbst/Œ)Ipvhiupo-2::8BNbojupcbtuvez gpvoeuibuuifnjdspdmjnbufdsfbufeczuif qjhtcvsspxjohjotusbxcfeejohnbzsfbdi 79uGbuujnftxifopvutjefbjsufnqfsbuvsft nbzcf.5uG/)Kboobdti-2::7.8Uifeffq cfeejohqspwjefttpnfifbuupuiftifmufs gspnuifdpnqptujohpguifcfeejohnbufsjbm boetnbmmbnpvoutpgnbovsf/Ipxfwfs-uif bsfbxifsfuifqjhttmffqtipvmeibwfwfsz mjuumfnbovsfnjyfejouifcfeejoh-tjodf uifzevohjopuifsbsfbtqspcbcmzwfszmjuumf dpnqptujohxjmmpddvsjouiftmffqjohbsfb psevohjohbsfbvoujmuiftfbsfbtbsfnjyfe budmfbo.pvuujnf/ Uifqspevdfsoffetupvtfdbvujpojgxppe tibwjoht-tbxevtu-pspuifsxppeqspevdut bsfvtfebtcfeejohnbufsjbmgpsſojtijoh qjhtpshftubujohtpxt/Uifgpmmpxjohxbso johjtjodmvefejouifqvcmjdbujpot IppqCbsot gpsHspx.GjojtiTxjof boe IppqCbsotgpsHft ubujohTxjof )tff TpvsdftpgBeejujpobm Jogpsnbujpo; Qvcmjdbujpot / Xppeqspevdusftjevftipvmecfvtfexjui dbvujpo/Tibwjohtboetbxevtuoffeuphp uispvhibifbudzdmfupbwpjeuifusbotnjttjpo pgbwjbouvcfsdvmptjtupuifqjht/Vomfttxppe qspevdusftjevfibthpofuispvhibifbujoh qspdftt-uifsfjtbsjtlpgdbsdbttdpoefnob ujpobutmbvhiufs/ GsfeUjmtusb-biphqspevdfsjoTuffo-Njo oftpub-xjuitfwfsbmippqfeiphtifmufst- tubufeuibutusbxcfeejohjtcftugpswfsz zpvohqjht/Dpsotubmltpscfbotusbxepopu qspwjeffopvhiqspufdujpoxjui36.up43. qpvoeqjhtjodpmexfbuifs/CzBqsjmpsNbz- bmnptubozuijohxjmmxpsl-cvudpmexfbuifs efnboethppetusbx-boeqspevdfsttipvme tbwftpnfgpsuijtujnfpgzfbs/)MfpqpmeDfo ufsgpsTvtubjobcmfBhsjdvmuvsf-2::7 Cbsmfztusbxxbtvtfejotfwfsbmusjbmtdpo evdufeevsjoh2::3boe2::4joDbobebcz uifVojwfstjuzpgNbojupcb/Tusbxsfrvjsfe xbt2:5qpvoetqfsqjhgpsuiftvnnfsusjbm- 353qpvoetgpsuifgbmmusjbm-boe474qpvoet gpsuifxjoufsusjbm/)Ipofznbo-2::9 Xifodpsotubmltbsfvtfe-fbdihspvqpg ſojtijohqjhtublftbumfbtu41cjh-spvoe cbmftpgdpso.tubmlcfeejoh-psnpsfuibo 86cbmftpgdpsotubmlcfeejohqfszfbs/ IpnfsTipxnbo-bTifmmtcvsh-Jpxb-qpsl qspevdfs-tbzt-őXifoJcsjohjobofxcbudi pg311qjht-Jcsfblvq23up26cjh-spvoe cbmftpgdpsotubmltupnblfbojdf-effq oftu/Jbeenpsfcfeejohbtoffefe/Ipx nvdiefqfoetpouifujnfpguifzfbsboe xfbuifs/Œ)Puuf-2::8 Sfdzdmfeqbqfsxjmmnblfefdfoucfeejoh nbufsjbmipxfwfs-jujtnptubctpscfoujgju jttisfeefe-boejunbzopucfbwfszxbsn nbufsjbm/Jutipvmecfsfbejmzbwbjmbcmfgspn sfdzdmjohdfoufst/Bqspcmfnxjuiqbqfscfe ejohjt-xifotqsfbepvupouifſfme-juufoet upcmpxbspvoeboenbzdbvtfqspcmfntxjui ofjhicpst/)Bopo/-3114 Tfwfsbmcfeejohnbufsjbmtdbocfvtfexjui hftubujohtpxt/Dpsotubmltbsfqspcbcmzuif nptudpnnpomzvtfenbufsjbmt-cvutnbmm hsbjotusbx-qsbjsjfibz-xppetibwjoht-boe tbxevtuibwfbmtpcffovtfe)dipqqfetpz cfbotusbxufoetupcfevtujfsuibonboz puifsnbufsjbmt-nbzufoeupqbdl-boe epftoŏubctpscnpjtuvsfxfmm/Bmmcfeejoh nbufsjbmtipvmecfgsffpgnpmetupqsfwfou qspcmfntevsjohhftubujpo/)Ibsnpofubm/- 3115 Mjlfſojtijohqjht-hftubujohtpxtvtvbmmz ftubcmjtidfsubjobsfbtgpsevohjohboe tmffqjoh/Gpsfybnqmf-uiftpxtnjhiutmffq jouifgbscbdlbmpohuifxppefotjefxbmmt- boeevohjouifbsfbcfuxffouifdpodsfuf gffejohboexbufsjohbsfbtboeuiftmffqjoh bsfb/Cfeejohdbocfbekvtufebtoffefe upqsfwfouuifevohjohbsfbgspncfdpn johtmpqqz/Fopvhicfeejohjtoffefeup t is very impor tant that the bedding used in the hoop barn be clean and dry. Page 8 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs jnqpsubouupbttvsfbddvsbufbqqmjdbujpo/ Ovusjfoudsfejujohgpsuifnbovsfōubljohjoup bddpvouuifovusjfoutdpoubjofejouifnbovsf xifoqmboojohgfsujmj\bujpoōdbomfbeup tjhojſdbousfevdujpotjogfsujmj\fsqvsdibtft/ Uifnbovsfbqqmjdbujposbufjtvtvbmmzcbtfe pouifojusphfooffetpguifdspq/Cvucf bxbsfuibunbovsftnbzdpoubjoijhimfwfmt pgqiptqipsvtboeqpubttjvnuibudpvmemfbe upfydfttjwfcvjmevqpguiftfovusjfoutjouif tpjmpwfstfwfsbmzfbst/Uifqspevdfsdbo beesfttuijtqpufoujbmqspcmfnczbekvtujoh uifnbovsfbqqmjdbujposbufupnffuuifqipt qipsvtoffetboevtjohbmufsobujwfnfbot uptvqqmzuifbeejujpobmojusphfooffefe/ BUUSBŏt Tvt ubjobcmfTpjmNbobhfnfou qsp wjeftbeejujpobmjogpsnbujpopobttfttjoh tpjmifbmuiboeoffet/Npsfjogpsnbujpopo ſfmebqqmjdbujpopgnbovsfjtbwbjmbcmfjo BUUSBŏt NbovsftgpsPshbojdDspqQspevd ujpo Dpnqptujohjtpofxbzpgtubcjmj\johuif nbovsfŏtovusjfoudpoufouboesfevdjoh uifcvmlpguifnbufsjbmibvmfeupuifſfme/ Dpnqptujohjtbobuvsbmqspdfttsfmzjohpo bfspcjdnjdspcjbmbdujwjuzboeefdpnqptj ujpo/Xfmm.nbefdpnqptujtvtvbmmzgsffpg xffetffetboeqbuiphfotboeibtwjsuv bmmzopqpufoujbmupcvsoqmbout-sfhbsemftt pgbqqmjdbujposbuf/Xifobqqmjfeupuiftpjm- dpnqptujodsfbtftuiftpjmŏtcjpmphjdbmbdujw juz-jnqspwfttpjmujmui-boejodsfbtftuif bwbjmbcjmjuzpgdfsubjoqmbouovusjfoutbmsfbez jouiftpjm/Dpnqptubmtpdpoubjotovusjfout uibubsfnpsfsfbejmzbwbjmbcmfupuifqmbout boebsfifmebhbjotumpttuispvhimfbdijoh boewpmbujmj\bujpo/ Bmnptubozpshbojdnbufsjbmdbocfdpn qptufejguifqspqfsD;Osbujp-npjtuvsfdpo ufou-boebfsbujpobsfnbjoubjofe/Ipx fwfs-nbljohhppedpnqptujtbobsubtxfmm btbtdjfodf/Dpnqptu-mjlfnbovsfboe tpjm-tipvmebmtpcfbobmz\feczbmbcpsb upszupfotvsfovusjfouwbmvf/Po.gbsndpn qptujohxjmmsfrvjsfbeejujpobmmbcpsboe nbobhfnfou-btxfmmbtbeejujpobmfrvjqnfou gpsuvsojohuifdpnqptu/Gpsnpsfjogpsnb ujpopodpnqptujoh-sfrvftuBUUSBŏt Gbsn. TdbmfDpnqptujohSftpvsdfMjtu After more than a decade of work by organic growers, processors, supporters, and the USDA, the National Organic Program (NOP) went into effect on October 22, 2002. The regulations provide specific standards that growers must meet to be certi fied organic. While the standards for organic production of crops have been evolving since the 1970s, organic meat was not even given official USDA recognition until 1999. NOP regulations include some specific requirements for living and housing conditions for livestock. Section 205.239(a)(1) requires producers to provide animals with “access to the outdoors, shade, shelter, exercise areas, fresh air and direct sunlight suitable to species, its stage of production, the climate and the environment.” Section 205.239(a)(4) requires that the shelter be designed to allow for “natural maintenance, comfort behaviors, and opportunity to exercise; temperature level, ventila tion and air circulation suitable to the species; and reduction of potential for livestock injury.” These regulations are meant to ensure that hogs have access to natural conditions and an opportunity to engage in some of the instinctive behaviors—such as rooting, socializing, and foraging—that are essential to their health and welfare. The regulations effectively discourage confinement production. However, Section 205.239 (b) of the NOP does allow the producer to provide temporary confine ment due to “inclement weather; the animal’s stage of production; conditions under which the health, safety or well being of the animals could be jeopardized; or risk to soil or water quality.” The NOP requires organic hog producers to have finishing systems that reduce or minimize stress. Which finishing options are approved will depend on how the NOP regulations are interpreted by the various certifiers, especially concerning access to the outdoors, shade, shelter, exercise areas, fresh air, and direct sunlight. Certification decisions will be influenced by the specifics of the farm’s organic system plan—the detailed outline that explains how the producer intends to satisfy the requirements of the NOP regulations. Hooped shelters have all the appearance of a promising system for organic hog finishing. They give hogs an opportunity to engage in their instinctive social behavior, while rooting and foraging in their deep-bedded shelter. They also provide the oppor tunity for exercise and for the hogs to nest in the composting deep bedding and individually control their own temperature and environment. The hooped shelter is designed for good natural ventilation and protection from elemental extremes. Organic Certification and Hoop Shelter Hogs Page 10 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs Jodpnqbsjtpotuvejft-iphtſojtifejo ippqfetifmufstdpotjtufoumzbufnpsf-hsfx gbtufs-boeibebgffefgſdjfodzbewboubhf xifodpnqbsfeupiphtjoDbshjmm.tuzmfcvjme johtboesfnpefmfedpowfoujpobmcbsotxjui pvueppsgffejohboexbufsjohqmbugpsnt/ Ipxfwfs-nptumjlfmzevfupuifjodsfbtfe gffejoublf-uifippqfetifmufsiphtufoefe upbwfsbhfbcpvu1/2:jodiftnpsfcbdlgbupo bdbsdbttnfsjuqsphsbn/)Ipvhiupo-2::8 Gffefgſdjfodzdboefqfoepouiftfbtpo pguifzfbs-uifpwfsbmmifbmuitubuvtpguif qjht-boe0psuiffofshzboeqspufjomfwfmpg uifjohsfejfoutpguifsbujpo/ Job3112OpsuiEblpubtuvez-uifofusfuvso qfsiphxbt%44/2:gpsippq.sbjtfeipht- %42/95gpsdpoſofnfousbjtfe-boe%41/:: gpspvueppsqfosbjtfe/Fwbmvbujpoqbsbn fufstjodmvefeuvsot0zfbs-gbdjmjuzjowftu nfou-ſyfedptut-pqfsbujohdptut-upubmdbs dbttwbmvfbgufsqsfnjvntboeejtdpvout xfsfbqqmjfe-boeofusfuvsotqfsqjhgps fbditztufnbgufsupubmdptupguifqjhxbt efevdfegspnupubmdbsdbttwbmvf/)Mboecmpn fubm/-3112 Jobuxp.zfbsusjbmuibudpncjofecpuixjoufs boetvnnfsqspevdujpopgſojtijohqjhtjo ippqfeboedpoſofnfougbdjmjujft-uiftuvez tipxfeuibuuifqjhtjouifippqtbufnpsf gffe-hsfxgbtufs-boesfrvjsfenpsfgffe qfsvojupgmjwf.xfjhiuhbjouibodpoſofnfou qjht/Cfuxffouifuxptztufnt-uifnpsubmjuz sbufxbtfrvbm-cvuuifqfsdfoubhfpgdvmmt xbtijhifsjouifippqt/Uifippqqjhtxfsf gbuufsjouiftvnnfsboemfttfgſdjfoujouif xjoufs/Uifippqqjhtibehsfbufsjodjefodf pgspvoexpsnjogftubujpo-eftqjufbuipspvhi efxpsnjohsfhjnfo/Uiftupdljohefotjuz gpsuifippqtxbt23trvbsfgffuqfsqjhboe 9trvbsfgffugpsdpoſofnfou/Fbdiippq xbteftjhobufebqfo/Uifippqtusvduvsft xfsf41y71gffu-xjui261qjhtqfsippq/ Uifdpoſofnfoutmbuufe.ƀppsqfotxfsf24/6 y24gffu-xjui33qjhtqfsqfo/)Ipofznbo fubm/-3111 JoboJpxbTubufVojwfstjuzfdpopnjdtuvez- uifsftfbsdifsttfqbsbufeuiftvnnfsboe xjoufsgffejohusjbmtxifodpnqbsjohuiffdp opnjdtpgſojtijohqjhtjoippqtusvduvsftps dpoſofnfou/Uiftuvejftbsfcbtfepoſyfe dptuqfsqjhtqbdf;%291gpsdpoſofnfouſo jtijohwt/%66gpsippqfecbso-xjui3/7iph dzdmftqfszfbs/Xijmfupubmſyfedptuqfsqjh qfszfbspgbcpvu%22/61gpsdpoſofnfoujt ofbsmzepvcmfuibugpsuifippq-upubmpwfsbmm pqfsbujohdptutgbwpsdpoſofnfouczofbsmz %4/610ifbeevsjohuifxjoufs-cvugbwps uifippqtztufncz%/610ifbeevsjohuif tvnnfs/Uiftftuvejftbsfdpotjtufouxjui puifstuvejftuibubmtptipxippqtsfrvjsf ijhifspqfsbujohdptutgpscfeejohboegffe xifodpnqbsfeupdpoſofnfou/)Mbstpofu bm/-3111 Fwfouipvhiuifupubmmbcpssfrvjsfnfout bsfbcpvuuiftbnf-uifqspevdfsxjmmoffe updpotjefsuifnbobhfnfouejggfsfodft cfuxffoippqfetifmufstboedpoſofnfou ipvtftpspuifsuzqftpgſojtijohipvtft/ Tvddfttgvmpqfsbujpotjobtifmufsxjmmsfrvjsf nbobhfnfoupgwfoujmbujpo-cfeejoh-gffefst- xbufsfst-boeqjht-boetdsbqjohuifdpo dsfufqbexifoofdfttbsz/Lffqjonjoeuibu uijtjtbeffq.cfeejohtztufn-boetvqqmz johcfeejohupuifqjhtjouiftifmufsdbocf bujnf.dpotvnjohdipsf/)Kboobdti-2::7.8 Cfeejohboenbovsfsfnpwbmboetqsfbejoh dboublf23up26ipvstbgufsfbdihspvqpg qjht/)Ipofznbo-2::9Joxjoufs-sfnpw johuifpme-dpnqptujohnbovsfsjhiucfgpsf csjohjohjouifhspvqpggffefsqjht-sbuifs uibobgufsuifhspvqjtnbslfufe-nbzifmq lffquifejsuƀppsgspngsff\johboedbvtjoh uiftifmufsupcfdpnfuppdpme/ Tfwfsbmqspcmfntibwfcffofodpvoufsfe xjuiippqfetifmufstcfdbvtfpgjnqspqfs nbobhfnfouqsbdujdft-tvdibttljnqjoh pocfeejoh)opuqspwjejohfopvhicfeejoh gpsuifxfbuifsdpoejujpotpsczcsjohjoh qjhtuibubsfvoifbmuizpsupptnbmmjoupb dpmecvjmejoh/Bhbjo-effqcfeejohjtlfz uptifmufsqfsgpsnbodf/Bdbsejobmsvmfgps pqfsbujohuiftifmufsjtőxifojoepvcu-bee cfeejoh/Œ)Ipvhiupo-2::8 KpioJlfse-QspgfttpsFnfsjuvt-Vojwfstjuzpg Njttpvsj-Dpmvncjb-qsftfoujohbuuifGppe boeTpdjfuzOfuxpsljohDpogfsfodfbuPmzn qjdWbmmfz-Dbmjgpsojb-dpnnfoufe; Uifcpuupnmjofpgbmmuiftfdpnqbsjtpotjtuif fdpopnjdfgſdjfodzjtoputjhojſdboumzejggfs foubnpohdpoſofnfou-ippqipvtf-boeqbt Page 12 CVVTC Hooped Shelters for Hogs Hooped Shelters for Hogs View Drawing of swine handling and sorting facility at WCROC Gnkchmf�@qd�’1//�l�qjds�ohfr(38-1�es- Bhqbtk�q�ohuns�f�sdr13-5�es-6-8�es-Sta28-3�es-6-1�es-7-4�es-6-4�es- 5-8�es-bgtsd5-1�es-4-8�es-12�es-4-5�es-1-2�es-rb�kd 3-8�es- Adapted from Morrison, Rebecca, and Lee Johnson. 2003. Handling and Sorting Pigs in Large Groups Housed in Deep-Litter Systems. 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tifmufstgpsſojtijohiphtboehftubujohtpxt bsfopugvmmzuftufejobmmpqfsbujohtjuvb ujpotboenbzoffeupcfuftufenpsfgvmmz uptipxuifjssfmjbcjmjuzboeevsbcjmjuz/Ipx fwfs-xifouifgbsnfsdpnqbsftuifippqfe tifmufsupdpoſofnfouſojtijohpshftubujoh- uifcvjmejohboefrvjqnfouſyfedptutbsf sfevdfeboeſobodjbmsjtltbsfmpxfs/Jouif ippqfetifmufst-uifgffedpowfstjposbujpgps ſojtijohiphtjtsfevdfeevsjohuifxjoufs- boeuifiphtufoeupbwfsbhftpnfxibunpsf Page 15 CVVTC www.attra.ncat.org Puuf-Kpio/2::8/Ippqtgpsipht/XbmmbdfGbsnfs/ Nbz/q/25Ō26/ Sources of Additional Information Contacts JpxbTubufVojwfstjuzSftfbsdiboeEfnpotusbujpo Gbsn NbslT/Ipofznbo-BttpdjbufQspgfttps 43DvsujtIbmm JpxbTubufVojwfstjuz Bnft-JB61122Ō2161 626Ō3:5Ō5732ps626Ō3:5Ō495: 626Ō3:5Ō7321GB: ipofznboAjbtubuf/fev DppsejobupspgJpxbTubufVojwfstjuzSftfbsdiboe EfnpotusbujpoGbsntboeBttpdjbufQspgfttpsjouif EfqbsunfoupgBojnbmTdjfodf/Ibtxsjuufonboz bsujdmftboeqvcmjdbujpotpotvtubjobcmfboepshbojd iphqspevdujpojoippqcbsot/Xjmmtfoedpqzpgmjtu 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IppqCbsotgpsHftubujohTxjof -Sfwjtfe)BFE. 5531q/ BmufsobujwfTztufntpgGbsspxjohjoDpme Xfbuifs -)BFE.5823q/ IppqCbsotgpsCffgDbuumf -)BFE.6127q/ IppqCbsotgpsEbjszDbuumf -)BFE.6227q/ IppqCbsotgpsIpstft-Tiffq-Sbujuft-boe NvmujqmfVujmj\bujpo -)BFE.639q/ Uiftftjyqvcmjdbujpotejtdvttippqtifmufsvtf gpssbjtjohbtqfdjſduzqfpgmjwftupdl/Tfdujpot jofbdicvmmfujojodmvefcbtjdrvftujpot-xifo updpotjefsippqt-eftjhojohboefsfdujohuif tusvduvsf-bojnbmiboemjohboenbobhfnfou- fowjsponfouboewfoujmbujpo-tusvduvsfnbobhf nfou-gffejohboexbufsjohfrvjqnfou-cfeejoh- nbovsfiboemjoh-tbnqmfmbzpvut-dpnqbsjtpot boebobmztft)dptu-mbcps-ſobodjbm-sftfbsdi- boepuifssftpvsdft/ Psefsuiftftjyqvcmjdbujpotgspn; NjeXftuQmboTfswjdf)NXQT 233EbwjetpoIbmm JpxbTubufVojwfstjuz Bnft-JB61122Ō4191 911Ō673Ō4729)upmm.gsff 626Ō3:5Ō5448 626Ō3:5Ō:69:GB: xxx/nxqtir/psh nxqtAjbtubuf/fev Dptujt%6/11fbdi-qmvttijqqjohboeiboemjoh- psbmmtjygps%35/11/Bgsffdbubmphjtbwbjm bcmf/ A Publication of ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Servi ce www.attra.ncat.org ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service is managed by the National Cen ter for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) and is funded under a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture’s Rural Business-Cooperative Service. Visit the NCAT Web site (www.ncat.org/agri. html) for more informa tion on our sustainable agriculture projects. fougspndpoſofnfoutusvduvsft/Ippqfe tifmufstbsfeftjhofeupublfbewboubhfpg uifobuvsbmcfibwjpspgiphtuptfhsfhbuf uifjstmffqjoh-evohjoh-boegffejohbsfbt/ Ippqtifmufstŏeffqcfeejohifmqtdpouspm iphpepstboeefdsfbtftuifsjtlpgnbovsf svopggbggfdujohxbufsrvbmjuz/Ippqtifm ufstdbocfvtfegpspuifsqvsqptftxifo opufnqmpzfejoiphqspevdujpo/ Qspevdjohiphtjtupvhifsboenpsfdpn qmfyupebzuibojupodfxbt/Uiffnfshfodf pgmbshfdpoſofnfoupqfsbujpotboepuifs fdpopnjdgbdupstibwfdpousjcvufeupbdpn nfsdjbmnbslfuqmbdfjoxijdijujtejgſdvmu gpsgbnjmz.tdbmfpqfsbujpotupsfnbjowjb v�rsd�l�m�fdldms+��mc�lhmhl�k,rsqdrr�g�mckhmf+��r�vdkk��r�rnld�bnrs��m�kxrdr-��Hm��cchshnm+�hs�chrbtrrdr� sgd�trd�ne�gnno�a�qmr�enq�nqf�mhb�gnf�oqnctbshnm��mc�enq�Mhl�m�Q�mbg�gnf�oqnctbdqr-��Rntqbdr�ne� �cchshnm�k�hmenql�shnm��qd��krn�oqnuhcdc- Introduction ............................ Small Scale Hoop Structures ................................. Hooped Shelter Design for Finishing Hogs ...................... Hooped Shelter Design for Gestating Sows ..................... Deep Bedding ....................... Hooped barns and Niman Ranch protocols .................... Manure Clean-out and Composting ...........................