Informative Article BUILDING BACKGROUND Born 23 Sep 1869 died 11 Nov1938 Mary Mallon famous typhoid carrier in the New York City area in the early 20th century Fiftyone original cases of typhoid and three deaths ID: 489266
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Slide1
TYPHOID MARY
Informative ArticleSlide2
BUILDING BACKGROUND
Born 23 Sep 1869; died 11 Nov1938.
Mary Mallon, famous typhoid carrier in the New York City area in the early 20th century.
Fifty-one original cases of typhoid and three deaths.
She herself was
immune
to the typhoid bacillus
She died not from typhoid but from the effects of a paralytic stroke dating back to 25 Dec 1932. Slide3
What is TYPHOID FEVER?
Typhoid fever
, also known as
Typhoid
,
[1]
is a common worldwide illness, transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the
feces
of an infected person, which contain the bacterium
Salmonella
enterica
,
serovar
Typhi
.
[2][3]
The bacteria then perforate through the intestinal wall and are
phagocytosed
by
macrophages
. The organism is a
Gram-negative
short bacillus that is motile due to its
peritrichous
flagella
. The bacterium grows best at 37°C / 98.6°F – human body temperature.Slide4
PREVENTION
Sanitation and hygiene are the critical measures that can be taken to prevent typhoid. Typhoid does not affect animals and therefore transmission is only from human to human. Typhoid can only spread in environments where human feces or urine are able to come into contact with food or drinking water.
Careful food preparation and washing of hands are crucial to preventing typhoid.Slide5
WORDS TO KNOW
Condition
n.
disease
Line 14: In other cases, their condition would
worsen
& they would die.
Transferred
v.
carried from one place to another
Germs n.
kuman
Investigating
n.
examining closely and carefully
Lunged
v.
moved forward suddenly
Infamous
adj.
having a bad reputation
Workbook page 35Slide6
VOCABULARY
Line 5: wealthy adj.
rich
Line 9: chills n.
a feeling of cold
Line 11: nosebleed n.
when blood comes out of a person’s nose
Line 12: a bright red rash n.
a lot of small red spots on the skin
Line 12: cough(
ing
) n.
batuk
Line 14 recover v.
to get back esp. health
Line 19: fumes n.
dangerous gas or smokeSlide7
VOCABULARY
Line 42: struck v.
past tense from strike
Line 44: took off v.
left
Line 46: investigating v.
examining closely and carefullySlide8
VOCABULARY
Line 61: furious adj.
angry
Line 62: carving fork
Line 62: lunged v.
move forward suddenly
Line 66: filth n.
dirt
Line 73: health hazard n.
something dangerous for health
Line 87: crouch(
ed
) v.
Line 91: literally adv. Simply, just
Line 109: vanish(
ed
) disappearSlide9
CONTEXT CLUES
The words & phrases around a word provide clues to the word’s meaning.
It took Jim two weeks
to completely get over
his cold. He thought he would
recover
soon.
When the detectives
investigate
a scene, they
look closely
for clues.
Workbook pg 34Slide10
1st
chunk
Page 82, lines 1-29Slide11
QUESTIONS
What real person is this article about?
Mary Mallon
Where do the events take place?
New York.
How do you know?
wealthy New York family (line 5)Slide12
QUESTIONS
When do the events take place?
in the early 1900s.
REREAD: What causes typhoid to spread?
Germs get on people’s hand when they use the toilet.
If they touch food before they wash their hands, the germs can get transferred to the food.
If people eat the food, they can get typhoid.Slide13
THINK IT THROUGH
Why is typhoid such a harmful disease?
In the early 1900s, about one out of every five people who got it died.Slide14
2nd
chunk
Page 83 & 84, lines 30-47Slide15
THINK IT THROUGH
What does Mary do when a family she works for catches typhoid?
She collects her pay, packs her bags, and takes off.
What do you think will happen next?
Mary will get another job.
Mary will run away and not work againSlide16
3rd
chunk
Pages 84-85, lines 48-79Slide17
QUESTIONS
REREAD: Which words are clues to the meaning of filth?
dirty, smellySlide18
THINK IT THROUGH
How does Mary react to the doctor Soper
sends to talk to her?
Mary ignores her because she does not believe her.Slide19
4th
chunk
Pages 85-86, lines 80-102Slide20
QUESTIONS
What causes Dr. Baker and the city officials to lock Mary up?
They can’t think of another way to stop her from spreading typhoid, since she refuses to wash her hands and stop working as a cook
.Slide21
THINK IT THROUGH
REREAD: What point is Mary trying to make?
It was against the law for the city to hold her prisoner.
Why does the government keep Mary a prisoner?
They feel that she is a danger to others.Slide22
5th
chunk
Pages 86-87, lines 103-133Slide23
THINK IT THROUGH
Why did the police arrest Mary again and keep her locked up?
She disappeared when they let her loose & continued spreading typhoid by cooking for others.
They needed to lock her up to prevent the spread of the disease.Slide24
THINK IT THROUGH
Do you think the government was right to keep Mary a prisoner?
Yes, Mary is a
menace
= threat to society.
No, because the government was violating her rights.Slide25
THINK IT THROUGH
This article gives only one side of the facts about Mary. It does not give Mary’s account. Do you think she felt she was a danger to others? Explain.
Yes, because Mary hurt and killed other people.
No, she was just trying to make a living.Slide26
CAUSE & EFFECT (WB p. )Slide27
DETAILS (WB p. )