Fabric Finishes - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Fabric Finishes

Chapter 13

Clothing & TextilesSlide2

Finishing processes

Finishes

 any special treatments applied to improve a fabric’s appearance, texture, or performanceSlide3

Color and design finishes

Gray goods

 when fabric first comes from the loom (no color)Slide4

Dyeing textiles

Dyes

 compounds that penetrate and color fibers

Natural dyes

Used for centuries

Obtained from plants, insects, shellfish, and minerals

First synthetic dye was discovered by accident in 1856Slide5

Five different methods used for dyeing

Stock dyeing

 natural fibers are dyed before they are spun into yarns

Solution dyeing  used when manufactured fibers are produced, dye is added to the liquid solution that goes through the spinneret

Yarn dyeing  yarns are dyed before weaving or knitting

Piece dyeing  fabric is dyed after weaving or knitting

Garment dyeing  the fabric is cut and sewn into the finished product and then the entire garment is dyedSlide6

Colorfastness

Fabric that doesn’t fade, whether its been washed or exposed to chlorine or sunlightSlide7

Printing textiles

Color is transferred to the surface of a fabric to form a pattern

Four most common printing methods

Screen

Rotary screen

Roller

Heat transfer

Other methods that you can try yourself are…

Tie-dyeing

PaintingSlide8

Printing Textiles

Screen

printing

See how Screen Printing is done at https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbzKLUl48Yk

Slide9

Printing textiles

Roller

printing

See how it’s done at https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8W2g-YvjPw

Slide10

Printing textiles

Rotary screen

printing

See how it’s done at

https

://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=R04Dbm3ZRAE

Slide11

Printing textiles

Heat-transfer

printing

See how its done at https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4byFS15S8s

Slide12

Texture finishes

Calendaring

 fabric passes between two heated rollers that smooth the fabric and improve the lusterSlide13

Texture finishes

Glazing  resin applied during calendaring to produce a high polish or

glaze

on the surface

Embossing fabric is given a raised design on the surface

Embossing fabric example below…Slide14

Texture finishes

Cire (

suh

-RAY)  a super-glossy finish is obtained by applying wax or some other substance before

calendaringSlide15

Texture finishes

Moiré (Mwah-RAY)  a watered or wavy pattern is obtained by calendaring two layers of fabric slightly off grainSlide16

Texture finishes

Napping  rotating wire brushes raise the short fiber ends of staple yarns to create a soft and fuzzy surface called the napSlide17

Textile finishes

Stone washing and acid washing  pumice stones are added to a mass-production laundering processSlide18

Textile finishes

Mercerization  gives cotton added luster, strength, and

drape ability.

It also improves fabrics affinity for dye. Fabrics and yarns are treated with a caustic soda or lye solutionSlide19

Textile finishes

Sizing  starches or resins are added to the fabric for extra body, usually only a temporary finishSlide20

Performance finishes

Antibacterial or antiseptic

 checks the growth of bacteria and fungi, such as mold and mildew

Antistatic  by absorbing small amounts of moisture from the air, this finish reduces the fabric dryness that causes static electricity

Crease-resistant  Applied to fabrics that wrinkle easily (cotton, rayon, linen)

Durable press  garments maintain a pressed appearance despite repeated washings and wearings

Flame-resistant and flame-retardant  reduce flaming or burning of fabrics exposed to a flame or high heatSlide21

Performance finishes

Mothproof  repels moths and other fiber eating insects

Shrinkage control  MINIMIZES shrinking

Soil release  dirt and stains release more easily from the fabric

Water- and stain-repellent  yarns are coated with a chemical that repels water and other liquids

Waterproof  fabrics have been coated or treated so that no water penetrates