Dr M uhammad Mustafa yousafzai Different goups of muscles of back Superficial Inter mediate Spinotransversales Erector spinae Transversospinales Segmental back muscles Suboccipital ID: 217020
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Slide1
Posterior muscles of the neck
Dr.
M
uhammad
Mustafa
yousafzaiSlide2
Different goups
of muscles of back
Superficial
Inter mediate
Spinotransversales
Erector
spinae
Transversospinales
Segmental back muscles
Suboccipital
musclesSlide3
trapezius
O:superior
nuchl
line, external occipital
protruberance,ligamentum
nuchae
and
spinous
process of C7 to T12.
I; lateral one third of
clavical
,
acromian
and spine of scapula.
N; motor – accessory nerve 11
A; rotates the scapula while
hoizontal
abduction of
humerus
, upper
fibres
elevate, middle
fibres
adduct,lower
fibres
depress the scapulaSlide4
Levator scapulae
O; transverse process of C1 to C4 ,
I; upper portion and medial border of scapula
N; C3 -4,and dorsal scapular nerve C4 C5
A; elevates the scapula
Slide5Slide6
Intermediate group of muscles
Serratus
posterior superior:
O:lower
portion of
ligamentum
nuchae
,
spinous
process of C7-T3 and
supraspinatous
ligament
i:upper
border of ribs 2
nd
to 5
th
just lateral to their angles
N: anterior rami of upper
thoracis
nerves T2-5
A:elevates
the ribs 2-5Slide7Slide8Slide9
Spinotransversale muscles
Splenius
capitis
O: arises
on the
ligamentum
nuchae
and
spinous
processes of C7 to T3
I:
attaches under the lateral part of the superior nuchal line of the occiput and on the mastoid process of the temporal bone
.
N: posterior rami middle cervical nerves
Splenius
cervicis
arises on the
spinous
processes of T3 to T6 and attach on the posterior tubercles of the transverse process C1 to T3
.
N;posterior
rami lower cervical nerves.Slide10
Splenius
capitis
and splenius
cervicis
lie deep to sternocleidomastoid, trapezius and the rhomboids and superficial to the segmental muscles,
interspinales
,
intertransversarii
and
transversospinalis
.
Nerve supply: Cervical spinal nerves.
Actions:Splenius
capitis
and splenius
cervicis
contracting bilaterally extend the head and neck, contracting unilaterally they
sidebend
and slightly
ipsilaterally
rotate the head and neck.Slide11Slide12
Erector spinae
Iliocostalis
cervicis
arises on the superior border of the angles of ribs 3 to 6
.
It attaches on the posterior tubercles of the transverse process of C4 to C6
.
Longissimus
cervicis
arises on the transverse processes of T1 to T5 medial to longissimus
thoracis
and attaches
to the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C2 to C6
.Slide13
Spinalis
cervicis
arises on the
spinous
processes of C7 to T2 and the
ligamentum
nuchae
. It attaches on the
spinous
processes of C2 to C4. It exhibits variation in its attachments and may be absent.
Cervical
spinous
processes may be bifid. C2 and C7 (vertebra
prominens
) are easily palpable. C6 is usually palpable but disappears in extension. Articular pillars and facet joints are at finger width
spacings
.Slide14Slide15
Transversospinales
Semispinalis
thoracis
arises on the transverse processes of T6 to T10 and attaches on the
spinous
processes of C6 to T4. More tendon in form.
Semispinalis
cervicis
arises on the transverse processes of T1 to T6 and attaches on the
spinous
processes of C2 to C5. More muscular especially the
fibres
that attach on the axis.
.Slide16Slide17
Semispinalis
capitis
arises on the transverse processes of C7 to T6 and the articular processes of C4 to C6 (sometimes C7 & T1) and attaches either side of the mid-sagittal line between the superior and inferior nuchal lines on the occiput.
Nerve supply: Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves. Action: Extension of the head and cervical spineSlide18Slide19
Multifidus
arise on the sacrum (S4),
aponeurosis
of the erector
spinae
, posterior superior iliac spine, posterior
sacro
-iliac ligament,
mamillary
processes of L1 to L5, transverse processes of T1 to T12 and articular processes of C4 to C7. The muscle attaches along the length of a
spinous
process one to four
vetebral
segments above.
Nerve supply: Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves.
Rotatores
are the deepest muscles. They arise on cervical, thoracic and lumbar transverse processes and attach on the lamina and base of the
spinous
process of the vertebra above. Nerve supply: Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves.Slide20Slide21
Segmental back muscles
Interspinales
run from one
spinous
process to the
spinous
process above. They are present between C2 and T3, and between T11 and L5. They are more distinct in the cervical spine. Sometimes they occur between L5 and the sacrum.
Nerve
supply:Dorsal
rami of the spinal nerves.Slide22
Intertransversarii
run from a transverse process to the transverse process above. They are present between C1 and T1, and between T10 and the sacrum. In the cervical and lumbar, pairs of muscles lie either side of the spine.
Nerve supply: Dorsal and ventral rami of the spinal nerves.Slide23Slide24Slide25
ROTATORES
The
rotatores
(
rotatores
spinae
) muscles lie beneath the
multifidus
and are present in all spinal regions but most prominent in
thethoracic
region; they are eleven in number on either side
.
O;
from the superior and posterior part of the transverse
process.
I;
inserted into the lower border and lateral surface of the lamina of the vertebra above, the fibers extending as far as the root of the spinous
process.
N; POSTERIOR RAMISlide26Slide27
Suboccipital muscles
Rectus
capitus
posterior major:
O:
spinous
process of axis
I: lateral portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line
N: posterior ramus of C1 ,same for all
suboccipital
muscles
A: extension of head and rotation of head towards the same sideSlide28
Rectus
capitis
posterior minor:
O:posterior
tubercle of atlas
i
: medial portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line
A: extension of headSlide29
Obliquus
capitis
superior:
O: transverse
proces
of atlas
I: occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal line
A: extension of head and rotation towards the same sideSlide30
Obliqqus
capitus
inferior:
O:spinous
process of axis
I: transverse process of atlas
A: rotation of face towards the same sideSlide31Slide32
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