Pericarditis Angina pectoris Table of Contents ANGINA PECTORIS Alexandra Kredátusová WHAT IS IT cardiovascular disease chest pain due in general to ischemia of the heart muscle ID: 778947
Download The PPT/PDF document "Hypertension Tachycardia" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Pericarditis
Angina
pectoris
Table of Contents
Slide2ANGINA PECTORIS
Alexandra Kredátusová
Slide3WHAT IS IT?
cardiovascular diseasechest pain due in general to:ischemia of the heart muscle oxygen deprivation obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries
Slide4CLASSIFICATION
chronic stable angina instable anginavasospastic angina
Slide5TREATMENT
pharmaceuticalsvasodilators (nitroglycerin)betablockerscalcium channel blockersangioplastyheart bypass
Slide6RISK FACTORS
AgeLifestyle:smokingstresspoor&bad nutritionphysical inactivityobesityGenetic predispositionHealth statusDiabetes mellitus
Hypertension
Slide7Hypertension
Andrea Kapraľová
Slide8What
it is?Chronic medical conditionBlood pressure in the arteries is elevatedDisease of affluenceWHO definition - blood preassure 160/95mmHg and higherDivision:- primary (essential) hypertension 85% - secondary hypertension 15%
Slide9Symptoms
They are not, at many causesIf they are than these: Severe headachesFatigue or confusionDizzinessNauseaProblems with visionChest painsTinnitus
Breathing problemsIrregular heartbeatBlood in the urine
Slide10Diagnosis
Measuring blood pressure with a sphygmomanometerElectrocardiograms (EKG), echocardiograms Blood tests OphthalmoscopyUrine tests Sonography (especially the kidneys)Hormonal analysis Chest radiographs
Slide11Causes
/FactorsGenetics and and family history of hypertensionHigh levels of salt intakeObesity or being overweightLack of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle)Smoking and alcohol consumptionHigh levels of StressVitamin D deficiencyAgingChronic kidney disease
Slide12How
is hypertension treated?MedicallyACE inhibitorsARB drugsbeta-blockersdiureticscalcium channel blockersalpha-blockersperipheral vasodilators
L
ifestyle factors changeslosing weightquitting smokinglimiting alcohol consumption eating a healthful dietreducing sodium intakeexercising regularlyavoid
stress situationsCombination of the two
Slide13Complications
Cardio-vascular system enlargement of left ventricular atherosclerosis in coronary arteries resulting in angina pectorisheart attack or sudden cardiac deathheart failureaortic aneurysmischemic heart disease Brain stroke dementiacognitive impairment Kidney chronic kidney diseaserenal insufficiency
nephrosclerosis (renal arteriosclerosis)
Slide14Tachycardia
Lenka Karahutová
Slide15Definition
heart rate that exceeds the normal rangeheart rate over 100 beats per minute
Slide16Symptoms
DizzinessLightheadednessFaintingChest painFatigueBreathlessness
Slide17Rise
factorsCaffeine, alcohol, tobacco, drug usePsychological stress, anxietyHyperthyroidismLow potassium and magnesium levelsHeart structural abnormalitiesLung diseaseFamily history
Slide18Differential
diagnosisSinus tachycardiaVentricular tachycardiaSuperventricular tachycardiaAtrial fibrilationAV (modal) reentrant tachycardiaJunctional tachycardia
Slide19Treatment
Depends on its cause: Fever- reducing medicationsFluids given intravenouslyBlood transfusionsSurgery correctionAntithyroid medications (radioactive iodine)Beta- blockersCatheter ablation
Slide20Pericarditis
Kristian Leško
Slide21Pericarditis
Pericardium (Greek περι – "around" and κάρδιον – "heart" /perikardion/) – sac containing the heartPericarditis – inflammation of pericardiumAcute and chronic form (acute more common)
Slide22Slide23Infections
(e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis)Post-infarct conditions (e.g.,
Dressler's syndrome
)Idiopathic causes Causes Classification (composition of exudate)Pericarditis
E.g
., serous
, purulent,
fibrinous,
caseous, hemorrhagic
Slide24Sharp
, pleuritic, retro-sternal or left chest pain that can radiate to
the trapezious
ridge, does not change with exertion and worsens when breathing in or lying on
backPain comes suddenly and can last for hours to
days
Symptoms
Pericarditis
Slide25Cardiac
markers (e.g., myoglobin)EKGClinical diagnosis –cause
unknown
DiagnosisPericarditis
Slide26Aspirin
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen)Colchicine
Antibiotics
Steroids (not recommended)Surgery TreatmentPericarditis