Chief Economic Statistics and National Accounts Section ACS UNECA at 12 th ASSD 24 Nov 2016 Tunis Tunisia Using Administrative Data for National Accounts in Africa Outline of the Presentation ID: 585306
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Slide1
Xiaoning GongChief, Economic Statistics and National Accounts Section, ACS, UNECAat12th ASSD, 2-4 Nov 2016, Tunis, Tunisia
Using Administrative
Data for National Accounts in AfricaSlide2
Outline of the PresentationSources of data for GDPgovernment accountsfinancial corpsnon-financial corps
external
trade
statistics
tax data
The
needs for using administrative data for
NA
Features
of the
operational guidebook
Summary of experiencesSlide3
Background: Why Admin Data?Administrative sources constitute a key component in national accounts compilation in most countries. Advantages of administrative data
Reduced costs; Better coverage; Improved timeliness; Reduced response burden;
generally available, and can be efficiently used to improve the national accounts and implement 2008 SNA.
Identified by AGNA as a priority area
To develop an operational guidebook
on processing data from administrative sources in national accountsSlide4
Figure 1. Sources for GDP and Statistical Business Register (SBR): (Number of countries citing source)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
Total for GDP
CENSUSES and SURVEYS
Population census
30
17
10
57
Household Income and Expenditure Survey
22
40
17
79
Agriculture census/survey
37
12
11
60
General economic census/survey
26
14
15
55
Services industries census/survey
26
12
9
47
Retail census/survey
20
8
9
37
Transport survey
19
8
10
37
Household labour force survey
23
16
12
51
Capital expenditure survey
10
12
6
28
Living Standards Measurement Survey (World Bank)
14
6
4
24Slide5
Figure 1. Sources for GDP and Statistical Business Register (SBR): (Number of countries citing source) (Cont’d)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
Total for GDP
CENSUSES and SURVEYS
Demographic survey
12
7
5
24
Health survey
6
6
6
18
Multiphase 1-2 Survey on informal activities
12
7
5
24
Multiphase 1-2-3 Survey on informal activities
13
6
6
25
Other survey of informal activities
12
7
5
24
Surveys of international travellers
11
6
4
21
PRICES
Consumer prices
34
31
7
72
Wholesale prices
13
6
1
20
Producer prices
31
10
3
44
Unit values or price indices for imports
14
22
1
37
Unit values or price indices for exports
16
23
1
40Slide6
Figure 1. Sources for GDP and Statistical Business Register (SBR): (Number of countries citing source) (Cont’d)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
Total for GDP
WAGES and EMPLOYMENT
Wages of government employees
28
18
21
67
Wages of other public sector employees
22
13
18
53
Wages of private sector employees
14
11
21
46
Number of employees in government
35
17
8
60
Number of employees in other public sector
33
15
7
55
Number of employees in the private sector
29
14
8
51
TAXES and SOCIAL SECURITY TRANSACTIONS
Value added taxes
37
14
11
62
Other taxes on products
40
17
11
68
Income tax on persons
15
12
13
40
Income tax on businesses
21
13
15
49
Customs duties/excise tax
33
12
7
52
Other types of tax data
6
6
4
16
Social security contributions or benefits
21
12
15
48Slide7
Figure 1. Sources for GDP and Statistical Business Register (SBR): (Number of countries citing source) (Cont’d)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
Total for GDP
GOVERNMENT and COMPANY ACCOUNTS
Government accounts
38
26
17
81
Government Finance Statistics (GFS)
30
25
13
68
Company accounts
39
20
20
79
Utility company records : water and electricity
38
11
10
59
Transport company records rail, roads, and air
37
9
10
56
GOVERMENT REGULATION STATISTICS
Building permits
14
7
3
24
Building completion certificates
5
4
2
11
Vehicle registration
23
6
3
32
Bank supervisory statistics
35
12
9
56
Insurance supervisory statistics
34
12
10
56
Other regulatory and administrative statistics
8
3
2
13
EXTERNAL TRANSACTIONS
Balance of payments
29
31
10
70
Merchandise trade statistics
27
30
8
65Slide8
Figure 2. Ten Most Important Source for GDP(Number of countries citing source)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
All GDP estimates
STATISTICAL SOURCES
Household income and expenditure survey
40
17
79
Agriculture census/survey
37
General economic census/survey
15
Wages of private sector employees
21
Consumer prices
34
31
72
Unit values or price indices for imports
22
Unit values or price indices for exports
23
Slide9
Figure 2. Ten Most Important Source for GDP(Number of countries citing source) (Cont’d)
GDP(P)
GDP(E)
GDP (I)
All GDP estimates
ADMINISTRATIVE STATISTICS
Wages of government employees
18
21
67
Wages of other public sector employees
18
Number of employees in government
35
Value added taxes
37
62
Other taxes on products
40
68
Income tax on persons
13
Income tax on businesses
15
Government accounts
38
26
17
81
Government Finance Statistics (GFS)
25
13
68
Company accounts
39
20
20
79
Utility company records : water and electricity
38
Transport company records rail, roads, and air
37
Bank supervisory statistics
35
Insurance supervisory statistics
34
Balance of payments
31
70
Merchandise trade statistics
30
65Slide10
Figure 3. Government Revenue broken down by department or ministry
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Available only for national government
47
19
28
40,4
59,6
Available for both national and provincial governments
47
23
24
48,9
51,1
Available for local governments
47
30
17
63,8
36,2
Available for autonomous government bodies
47
19
28
40,4
59,6
Not available for any levels of government
47
4
43
8,5
91,5Slide11
Figure 4. Government Expenditure broken down by department or ministry
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Available only for national government
47
20
27
42,6
57,4
Available for both national and provincial governments
47
25
22
53,2
46,8
Available for local governments
47
31
16
66,0
34,0
Available for autonomous government bodies
47
22
25
46,8
53,2
Not available for any levels of government
47
2
45
4,3
95,7Slide12
Figure 5. Government accounts in electronic form
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Only for national government
47
22
25
46,8
53,2
Both national and provincial governments
47
18
29
38,3
61,7
Local governments
47
23
24
48,9
51,1
Autonomous government bodies
47
15
32
31,9
68,1
Not accessible for any levels of government
47
4
43
8,5
91,5Slide13
Figure 6. Detail in government accounts makes it possible to covert data to SNA definitions:
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Distinguish economic category such as wages, intermediate consumption, transfers, etc.)
47
42
5
89,4
10,6
Break down government expenditures by COFOG
47
29
17
61,7
36,2
Break down government expenditures by kind of economic activity
47
29
18
61,7
38,3
Distinguish between current and capital expenditures
47
38
9
80,9
19,1
Distinguish between administrative departments and departmental enterprises
45
22
23
48,9
51,1
Distinguish between different types of taxes and subsidies
46
33
13
71,7
28,3
Distinguish between taxes and receipts from sales
46
33
13
71,7
28,3
Distinguish between subsidies/current transfers/social transfers in kind
46
29
17
63,0
37,0
Compile sequence of accounts for general government up to financial accounts
46
11
35
23,9
76,1Slide14
Figure 7. Availability of Central Bank data
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Available separately for monetary policy, regulatory activities, and banking operations
46
15
31
32,6
67,4
Only consolidated accounts for total central bank are available
46
19
27
41,3
58,7
Not available at all
46
12
34
26,1
73,9Slide15
Figure 8. Availability of annual financial statements of banks
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Available for each individual bank
46
29
17
63,0
37,0
Consolidated accounts of all banks available
46
11
35
23,9
76,1
Not available at all
46
5
41
10,9
89,1Slide16
Figure 10. Data available on life and non-life insurance
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Life insurance
Available for each individual company
46
31
15
67,4
32,6
Consolidated accounts of all life insurance companies
46
7
39
15,2
84,8
Not available at all
46
8
38
17,4
82,6
Non-life insurance
Available for each individual company
46
34
12
73,9
26,1
Consolidated accounts of all non-life insurance companies
46
8
38
17,4
82,6
Not available at all
46
4
42
8,7
91,3Slide17
Figure 11. Availability of financial statements of non-financial corporations
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Public corporations
Available for individual companies and possible to identify by kind if activity
46
37
9
80,4
19,6
Available for individual companies but not possible to identify kind of activity
46
1
45
2,2
97,8
Consolidated accounts for all companies available disaggregated by kind of activity
46
3
43
6,5
93,5
Consolidated accounts for all companies available without disaggregation by kind of activity
46
0
46
0,0
100,0
Not available
46
6
40
13,0
87,0Slide18
Figure 11. Availability of financial statements of non-financial corporations (Cont’d)
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Private corporations
Available for individual companies and possible to identify by kind if activity
45
30
15
66,7
33,3
Available for individual companies but not possible to identify kind of activity
45
2
43
4,4
95,6
Consolidated accounts for all companies available disaggregated by kind of activity
45
1
44
2,2
97,8
Consolidated accounts for all companies available without disaggregation by kind of activity
45
0
45
0,0
100,0
Not available
45
12
33
26,7
73,3Slide19
Figure 12. Availability of data on Value Added Tax (VAT)
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Output, value added and tax collections by activity
46
23
23
50,0
50,0
Output, value added and tax collections by product
46
15
31
32,6
67,4
Consolidated output, value added and tax collections with no activity or product detail
46
7
39
15,2
84,8
Only tax collections data available by activity
46
6
40
13,0
87,0
Only tax collections data available by product
46
7
39
15,2
84,8
Only
tax source for
the national accounts collections data available–with no details by product or kind of activity
46
6
40
13,0
87,0
No data is available on VAT
46
6
40
13,0
87,0Slide20
Figure 13. Availability of data on income taxes on enterprises
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Income and tax collections by activity available
46
28
17
60,9
37,0
Only consolidated data on income and tax collections available
46
14
32
30,4
69,6
No data available on income taxes paid by enterprises
46
5
41
10,9
89,1Slide21
Figure 14. Use in the national accounts of financial statements of financial corporations
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Central bank accounts are used in NA
45
31
14
68,9
31,1
Accounts of banks are used in NA
46
39
7
84,8
15,2
Accounts of insurance companies are used in NA
46
38
8
82,6
17,4
Financial statements are not used in NA
44
3
41
6,8
93,2Slide22
Figure 15. Use in the national accounts of financial statements of non-financial corporations
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Information contained in the financial statements are used in the NA
45
40
5
88,9
11,1
Not used
45
5
40
11,1
88,9Slide23
Figure 16. Use of VAT data in NA compilation
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Data used in NA compilation by activity
47
34
13
72,3
27,7
Data used in NA compilation in other areas
46
8
38
17,4
82,6
VAT data is not used in NA compilation
46
3
43
6,5
93,5Slide24
Figure 17. Use of data on income taxes on enterprises in NA
Number of countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Data used in NA compilation by kind of activity
46
27
19
58,7
41,3
Data used in NA compilation in other areas
46
6
40
13,0
87,0
Not used in NA compilation
46
16
30
34,8
65,2Slide25
Figure 18. Use of BOP and External Trade Statistics
Number of
countries
Percent
All
Yes
No
Yes
No
Trade data by product according to HS/SITC for NA compilation
47
43
4
91,5
8,5
Unit value indices of imports and exports used to deflate current price data
46
23
23
50,0
50,0
Information on imports and exports of services used
GDP(E
)
47
40
7
85,1
14,9
Information on primary incomes and property incomes used for sequence of accounts (SOA)
46
35
11
76,1
23,9
Information on current transfers used for secondary distribution of income account
47
45
2
95,7
4,3
Information on capital transfers used in capital accounts
46
40
6
87,0
13,0
Data on reinvested earnings used to estimate financial accounts
46
26
20
56,5
43,5
BOP data used for compilation of sequence of accounts for Rest of the World
45
25
20
55,6
44,4
Information available is used to estimate GNI and Disposable Income and other NA aggregates
46
37
8
80,4
17,4Slide26
Structure of the GuidebookChapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: government accountsChapter 3: financial CorpsChapter 4
:
non-financial
Corps
Chapter
5: use of external trade statistics for national accounts
Chapter 6: use of tax data in national accounts (e.g. value added tax and income tax
)Slide27
Contributing CountriesChapter
Case studies
Box item
1. Introduction
Niger
Seychelles
Senegal-construction
Senegal – focal points
2. Government
Mauritius
Madagascar (box item)
South Africa
Botswana
Mozambique
Niger
Burundi
3. Financial
Senegal
Tunisia-FISIM
Niger
Burkina Faso
Egypt
4. Non-financial
Mozambique
Tunisia
6. Balance of payments
Tunisia
7. Tax data
Zimbabwe-VAT
Cape Verde
Slide28
Salient featuresTo bring together African country experiences and practices on use of administrative data in the compilation of national accounts.With practical examples and “bridge tables” in each chapter. Slide29
“Bridge Table”“Bridge tables” – to be developed for all administrative sources, the most important being :Financial statements of enterprises ( financial and non-financial);
Budgetary statements of general government institutional units;
Balance of payments.
“Bridge tables”
are specific to each country, depending on the content and availability of data sources. Slide30
Application of the “bridge table” (1)Identification of administrative data sources;Analysis of content in respect of national accounting methodological requirements;
Collection of data source indicators;
Translation of each indicator from administrative data sources into national accounts concepts;
Application of adjustments to meet national accounting requirements;
Estimation of the national accounts indicators.
Applying adjustments in order to fulfill the SNA conceptual requirements, when needed.Slide31
Application of the “bridge table” (2)For an efficient use of administrative data in national accounts:Understanding the scope, coverage, concepts, definitions and quality of administrative data;Sharing the administrative data, preferably the micro-data in electronic form;Improving the timeliness and periodicity to match with national accounts releases;Slide32
Application of the “bridge table” (3)Improving the content and quality of data in line with the recommended international standards, such as International Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards;Giving a feedback to the source data agencies on how they have used the data in the national accounts and compiled the economic variables. This will bring the source data agencies getting involved in the national accounts compilation and in assessing their contribution to the national economy.Slide33
Lessons learned and good experience of the GuidebookIt is another type of capacity building for participating countries“Community of Practice”: Active learning and learned from each other andTo learn international standards and recommendations through writing/documenting experience and practice in the field
It will be circulated to all the African countries for comments and inputs
Sharing the public
goods: contributed by countries and used by countriesSlide34
Thank you for your attention!