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CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CONNECTIVE TISSUE - PowerPoint Presentation

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE - PPT Presentation

Dr Iram Tassaduq Connective tissue is the term traditionally applied to a basic type of tissue of mesodermal origin which provides structural and metabolic support for other tissues and organs throughout the body also known as Supporting tissue ID: 574964

tissue cells fat connective cells tissue connective fat large fibroblasts small cytoplasm granules nucleus macrophages functions called body short

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Slide1
Slide2

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Dr Iram TassaduqSlide3

‘Connective tissue’ is the term traditionally applied to a basic type of tissue of mesodermal origin which provides structural and metabolic support for other tissues and organs throughout the body, also known as “Supporting tissue”.

INTRODUCTIONSlide4

COMPOSITION

Cells

Fibers

Ground substanceSlide5
Slide6

Establishing a structural framework

Supporting, surrounding and interconnecting

tissues

Exchange of nutrients and waste products

Storing energy reserves

Defending the body from microorganisms

Protecting delicate organs

FUNCTIONS Slide7

CLASSIFICATION

Embryonic

Adult

CONNECTIVE TISSUESlide8

EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

MESENCHYMAL

MUCOUSSlide9

ADULT CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CONNECTIVE

TISSUE PROPER

SPECIALIZED CONNECTIVE TISSUESlide10
Slide11

SPECIALIZED CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CARTILAGE

BONE

ELASTIC

FIBRO

CARTILAGE

HYALINE

COMPACT

SPONGYSlide12

RESIDENT CELLS

Fibroblasts

Macrophages

Adipose cells

Mast

cell

Plasma cells

WANDERING CELLS

Lymphocytes

Plasma cells

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Basophils

Monocytes

CELLS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUESlide13

FIBROBLASTS

One of the two most numerous cells of

C.T.

Large, flat cells with branching processes and appear

fusiform

in profile.

Young fibroblasts

Mature/inactive fibroblastsSlide14

FIBROBLASTS

Most common cells

Synthesize proteins, such as collagen and

elastin

that forms collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers

Secrete “Ground Substance”

Involved in production of “Growth Factors”

Wound healing

Section of

rat skin

. A connective tissue layer (dermis) shows

several fibroblasts, which are the elongated cells. (H&E) stain.Slide15

Fibroblasts that are actively engaged in synthesis are richer in mitochondria, lipid droplets, Golgi complex, and rough endoplasmic reticulum than are quiescent fibroblasts (fibrocytes).Slide16
Slide17

MACROPHAGES (HISTIOCYTES)

Almost as numerous as fibroblasts

Most abundant in richly

vascularized

areas

Fixed/resting macrophages

Free/wandering macrophagesSlide18

MACROPHAGES

Size 10-30

µm

Oval or kidney shaped nucleus located eccentrically

Monocytes-Marophages

Kupffer

cells-liver,

microglial

cells-CNS,

osteoclasts

- bone tissue

Phagocytosis

Have well-developed Golgi complex, many

lysosomes

, and a prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum

Foreignbody giant cell’Slide19

IN RESTING PHASE

Appear

as irregular cells with short and blunt processes but sometimes the processes may be long, slender and branching.

Nucleus is rounder, smaller and more heterochromatic than that of fibroblast.

Cytoplasm stains darkly & may contain few small

vacuolesSlide20

IN ACTIVE STATE

Cell

becomes larger with bigger nucleus and prominent nucleolus

Cytoplasm becomes filled with granules and vacuoles, containing ingested materialSlide21
Slide22

FUNCTIONS OF MACROPHAGES

Important agent of defense and part of

Mononuclear phagocyte system

.

These are

secretory

cells

that produces several important substances including

enzymes and

proteins of

complement system

They play very important role in

immune system

and act as antigen presenting cells.

They are capable of motility and when suitably stimulated grouped around a large foreign body to form

multinucleated foreign body giant cellsSlide23

ADIPOSE CELLS

The large

mesenchymal

cells after accumulation of fat droplets in their cytoplasm are called

adipocytes

Occur singly or in clumps along small blood vesselsSlide24

ADIPOSE CELLS

Also called “Fat Cells”

Size 50-150 µm

Cytoplasm is

dispalced

to periphery by a single large fat droplet

Nucleus is pressed against the cell membrane “Signet ring”

Functions in energy reserves, insulation, protection, and supportSlide25

TYPES OF ADIPOSE TISSUE

White or

unilocular

Brown or

multilocularSlide26

UNILOCULAR FAT

Also called white fat

Widely distributed in body

Main component of adult fat

Single fat droplet in cytoplasm

Cells show signet ring appearanceSlide27

MULTILOCULAR FAT

Also called brown fat

Mainly found in children

Multiple small fat droplets

Help in heat production

Rich blood supply

Numerous mitochondriaSlide28

MAST CELLS

Mast means well fed. Their cytoplasm is full of coarse granules so this name is given.

Tend to occur in small groups around blood vessels.

Irregularly oval in outline, have short pseudopodia

Nucleus is small being crowded by large number of prominent granulesSlide29

FUNCTIONS OF MAST CELLS

As

these granules contain heparin (a powerful anticoagulant) and histamine (a potent vasodilator) so they play very vital role in

homeostasis

.Slide30

METACHROMASIASlide31

PLASMA CELLS

Large, ovoid cells

Nucleus is spherical and eccentrically placed

‘cart-wheel appearance’

Basophilic cytoplasm due to abundant RER

Rare in most connective tissues

Produce antibodies

Average life is short, 10–20 days

Portion of a chronically inflamed intestinal

villus. PT stainSlide32
Slide33