John Kunz Big Ideas VDC Origins broad and multidisciplinary People hundreds of students CIFE member representatives colleagues mentors over time Communities Status established and growing ID: 807523
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Slide1
The origins, status and promise of Virtual Design and Construction
John
Kunz
Slide2Big Ideas
VDC
Origins:
broad and multi-disciplinaryPeople: hundreds of students, CIFE member representatives, colleagues, mentors … over timeCommunitiesStatus: established and growingPromise: for breakthrough changes in process and outcomes
2
Slide3VDC definition
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of multi-disciplinary performance models of design-construction projects, including the Product (i.e., facilities), Work Processes and Organization of the design - construction - operation team in order to support business objectives.
3
Slide4VDC definition
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of
multi-disciplinary
performance models of design-construction projects, including the Product (i.e., facilities), Work Processes and Organization of the design - construction - operation team in order to support business objectives.
4
Slide5VDC definition
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of multi-disciplinary
performance
models of design-construction projects, including the Product (i.e., facilities), Work Processes and Organization of the design - construction - operation team in order to support business objectives.5
Slide6VDC definition
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of multi-disciplinary performance
models
of design-construction projects, including the Product (i.e., facilities), Work Processes and Organization of the design - construction - operation team in order to support business objectives.6
Slide7VDC definition
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of multi-disciplinary performance models of
design-construction projects
, including the Product (i.e., facilities), Work Processes and Organization of the design - construction - operation team in order to support business objectives.
7
Slide8to be the world's premier academic research center for Virtual Design and Construction of Architecture - Engineering - Construction (AEC) industry projects.
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of multi-disciplinary performance
models
of design-construction projects, including the Product
(i.e., facilities),
Organization
of the design - construction - operation team and Work
Processes
in order to support
business objectives …
…
to support exceptionally reliable engineering and management processes to plan, design, construct and operate sustainable facilities
The CIFE mission
8
Slide9Plus-Delta of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Provides fixed physical assets and wealth of society
High global demand for infrastructure and housing
Opportunity to impact global climate challenge significantly
Low productivity
compete with other ways to spend $
High energy use and rising energy costs
Structural reliability << societal need (Chile)
Environmental degradation
US
Department of Commerce, compiled by P.
Teicholz
Persson
,
Sustainable City of Tomorrow: B01—Experiences of a Swedish Housing exposition
Guilllermo Gomez, PUChile
http://www.ndtv.com/photos/health/health-risks-from-air-pollution-8143/slide/7
9
Slide10VDC Framework
Uses: management across life cycle
Models
Product
:
BIM
Organization
:
Process: Production plans
Model content
Intent (“Function”)
Design (“Form”)
Properties (“Behavior”)
Origin
:
K
unz &
Fischer,
2002 (with revisions)
10
Slide11VDC elements
11
Slide by Martin Fischer
Slide12VDC has a management focus
Design of
Product
: classic focus of engineering design and analysisFirst object-oriented CAD models at StanfordOrganization: Necessary because of complexityEmerged because of influence of Ray LevittProcess and production management
Necessary because projects live over time
Emerged from discipline of CEM, started at Stanford
12
Slide13Coordination latency (days)
What they are: metrics, target and measured values, status (
R
/
G
/
Y
)
So what: Bloom et al.
Latency of different teams
Management objectives and metrics
13
Performance tracks management
Management maturity definition
Slide1414
(Multiple) Predictable performance objectives:
Drivers
Controllable
Process
[Conformance to plans]
Outcome [
Project
/ Enterprise Performance
]
Product, organization, process designs
Latency:
mean <= 1; 95% within 2 working days
Safety:
0 lost hours
Coordination activity
:
planned, explicit, public, informed > 90%
Field-generated Requests for Information
:
0
Schedule
: 1 y Design
< .5 y Construct
95% on-time performance
Facility
managed
Scope
:
100% of items with > 2% of value, time, cost or energy
Rework volume
:
0 (for field construction work); objective = 10-20% (virtual work)
Cost
: >= 95% of budgeted items within 2% of budgeted cost
Prediction basis:
> 80% of predictions founded
*Function (quality) conformance (%):
>= 99%
Quality - Delivered Scope
: 100% satisfaction by
POE
Design versions
:
2 or more >= 80%
Schedule conformance (%):
>= 80%
*Sustainability: >
75% better energy, water, materials, than 2002, profitably
Staff trained in VDC:
>=
4/project
Cost conformance (%):
>= 95%
Globalization
: >= 50% of supply and
sales
Outcomes: major milestones
Production management: short intervals
Slide15Performance objectives for DPR - 2018
Production management
[Conformance to plans]
Outcome [
Enterprise
Performance]
Latency:
mean <= 1; 95% within 2 working days
Safety:
0 lost hours
Field-generated Requests for Information
: 0
Schedule
: 1 y Design
< .5 y Construct
95% on-time performance
Rework volume
: 0 (for field construction work); objective = 10-20% (virtual work)
Cost
: >= 95% of budgeted items within 2% of budgeted cost
*Function (quality) conformance (%):
>= 99%
Quality - Delivered Scope
: 100% satisfaction by POE
Schedule conformance (%):
>= 80%
*Sustainability: >
75% better energy, water, materials, than 2002, profitably
Cost conformance (%):
>= 95%
Globalization
: >= 50% of supply and sales
Staff trained in VDC
: > 90% of all projects have
>= 4 VDC specialists
Other
:
15
Drivers
Courtesy: DPR
Slide16Product models - BIM
What it is: Objects with attributes
Building Information Modeling (BIM)
- process involving generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places. Building
Information Models
(BIMs
) - files which
can be exchanged or networked to support decision-making about a place.
Origin: CIFECAD, Fischer, 1991
16
Slide17BIM
What it is
Origins:
CIFECAD
Fischer, 1991
AI/
Feigenbaum
Slide18Example “hi-
def
” BIM:
Detailed graphic and symbolic content
Courtesy GPLA, Inc.
18
Slide19Integrated Concurrent Engineering
What it is
Origins:
CS iRoomDave Martin and SMARTJPL
19
http://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2002/iwork_prototype_ieee/iRoom_SmartHomes_final.pdf
Slide20(c) 2013
20
Integrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE) Background
Given
Objective = Rapid, effective design “extreme collaboration” (~1 week)
Excellent POP software
Collocated team
iRoom
Good generic project models
SD (DD) phase focus
Performance change
Photo courtesy JPL
Slide21Production management
What it is: transformation
of
operational inputs into "outputs" that, when distributed, meet the needs of customers.Short-interval“pull”LeanOriginsLean community
21
Slide22Complexity
Definition: High uncertainty and knowledge required exceeds that of any individual, e.g., construction (flight/surgical) team; design structural
Other task
types: Simple: many people can quickly learn to do the workSpecialized: large amounts of training need to learn to do the (virtuoso) work, e.g., Master-builder (
pilot/surgeon)
Reliability management is a
requirement
in situations with
complexity, and VDC can help
Implication: complexity inspires the management, organization and process focus of VDC
22
Slide23Translation
CIFE
translational research
problems and test cases for research and teaching + exploration for practice at low risk and (relatively) low costOrigins: Terman
CIFE/CIS/CDR
Translational medicine
Practice
Research
Education
23
Slide24Metrics (performance),
Scope
(domain)
24
Research Methods
CIFE “Horseshoe” Research Method
Legend:
Leads to
Compare
Observed Problem
Theoretical POD
Research Questions
Validation
Results
Claimed
Contributions
Predicted Impact
Intuition
Evidence?
Intellectual
Merit
Impact
R Tasks:
Theory
Model
Test
Slide25Emerging promises of VDC
Broad, disciplined adoption
Inference
Generate design optionsValidate/checkAnalyzeEvaluateKnowledge and “
Big” data
based
25
Slide26Broad, disciplined adoption
Chasms
of technology adoption
Promise
Broad adoption: Cross chasm (Geoff Moore model)
Emerging chasm(s)
project(s
)
enterprise
# new users
time
26
Slide27Broad, disciplined
adoption - standards:
I
nternational
BIM
model schema
Multi-disciplinary conceptual object definitions
Attributes
Interoperable: Written and read by many apps
27
Slide28Broad adoption:
VDC Certificate Program
Hundreds of participants
International
28
Slide29Virtual Company
Design the “Big Room”
Design Assist
Process
Virtual Building Tools
Collaborative Planning
Process Metrics
Big Room
Target Costing
Broad, disciplined
adoption - enterprise
29
Courtesy DPR
Slide30Broad, disciplined
adoption - field:
Breakthrough
performance objectives for 2015Internal objectives
External objectives to clients
30
Slide31Inference
:
Multi-disciplinary
optimizationGenerate and analyze many design options automatically
31
Slide32Inference
:
Multi-disciplinary
optimization & performance analysis
32
Slide33Inference:
Estimate
Life cycle environmental costs
33
Slide34Big Ideas
VDC
Origins:
broad and multi-disciplinaryPeople: hundreds of students, CIFE member representatives, colleagues, mentors … over timeCommunitiesStatus: established and growingPromise: for breakthrough changes in process and outcomes
34
Slide35The origins, status and promise of Virtual Design and Construction
John Kunz