15 THE CIVIL WAR This Currier and Ives lithograph shows the opening moment of the Civil War On April 12 1861 Confederate General PGT Beauregard ordered the shelling of Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor Two days later Union Major Robert Anderson surrendered and mobilization began for what ID: 399633
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Slide1
Chapter 15
THE CIVIL WARSlide2
This Currier and Ives lithograph shows the opening moment of the Civil War. On April 12, 1861, Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard ordered the shelling of Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. Two days later, Union Major Robert Anderson surrendered, and mobilization began for what turned out to be the most devastating war in American history.
SOURCE:The
Granger Collection,New York (0011697/4GCR303).Slide3
WarFort Sumter
Quell uprisingSlide4
Resources
North
: large population, economicsSouth: home court, survival modeSlide5Slide6
Challenges
South: disorganized
, moneyNorth: not unifiedBoth: soldiersSlide7
NEW TECHNOLOGYBullets and rifles: farther, more accurate
TacticsSlide8
War in the East
General
W. ScottAnaconda PlanSea, land blockadesSlide9
Bull Run
N.
Virginia, 1861SpectatorsImplications:Slow warUnprofessionalSlide10
War in the West
Divide and conquer
Battle at Shiloh23k dead both sidesSlide11
MILITARY LIFECamps unsanitary, dirty
Hospitals no help
No medical careSlide12
Cotton Diplomacy
European support
CottonEurope: new marketsU.S. threatens EuropeSlide13
CONFEDERACYEthnically diverse
Soldiers
Immigrants: Cuba, Spain, Greece, IrelandTejanos: split loyaltiesSlide14
Natives and the Confederacy
Cherokee
Promise: arms and protectionSlide15
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln: Jan. 1, 1863
Freeing of the slavesConfederate territories
Blacks soldiers
Implications
:
Freeing
slaves
Black soldiers
Foreign sympathySlide16
Black soldiers “Glory”
10% of soldiers
Combat DiscriminationFort Pillow – massacre of Black soldiersFort WagnerDecorated soldiers and unitsSlide17
THE OTHER WAR
Latinos
2500K, ConfederatesLoreta VelasquezSoldier, woundedSpyBoson and Nancy JohnsonSlaves
Supporting
causeSlide18
TURNING POINTS
In 1863, south goes offensive
GettysburgSherman marches southSlide19
FIGURE 16.1
The Casualties Mount up
This Chart of the ten costliest battles at the Civil War shows of the relentless toll of casualties (killed, wounded, missing, captured) on both Union and Confederate Soldiers.Slide20
This striking photograph by Thomas C. Roche shows a dead Confederate soldier, killed at Petersburg on April 3, 1865, only six days before the surrender at Appomattox. The new medium of photography conveyed the horror of the war with a gruesome reality to the American public.
SOURCE:Library of Congress.Slide21
COST OF WAR
600K deaths
Infection, diseasePrison camps: Andersonville33,000 POW’s13,000 graves
Bosque Redondo
Pecos River Valley, TX
Union terror against Navajo