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The Angel in the House The Angel in the House

The Angel in the House - PowerPoint Presentation

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The Angel in the House - PPT Presentation

Da Coventry Patmore a Jonatha Brooke 18591993 Julia Margaret Camerons photograph The Angel in the House The Angel in the House was a domestic woman a woman ID: 245303

house angel man woman angel house woman man women patmore writing pen review love time gender mind coventry killed

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Slide1

The Angel in the House

Da Coventry

Patmore

a

Jonatha

Brooke

(1859-1993)Slide2

Julia Margaret Cameron’s

photograph

“The Angel in the House”Slide3

“The Angel in the House

was

a domestic

woman, a woman

who had no existence outside of the context of her home and whose sole window on the world is her husband.”Elaine Hartnell, “Nothing but Sweet and Womanly: A Hagiography of Patmore’s Angel”, in Victorian Poetry 34.4 (1996): 457-476Slide4

Betty Friedan

,

The Feminine

Mystique (1963).Barbara Welter, The Cult of True Womanhood (1966).“When masculinty and femininity are constructed to generate such rigid and narrow gender roles, it contributes to a culture of violence against women. People with more resources are more likely to be abusive towards those

without

resources

Hattery

and Smith,

The Social Dynamics

of

Family

Violence

, (2012).

Simone de

Beouvoir

,

Le

deuxiéme

sexe

(1949).

Michel Foucault,

Histoire

de la

Sexualité

(1976).

Judith

Butler

,

Gender

Trouble

(1990);

Undoing

Gender

(2004).Slide5

“True

Womanhood

PIETY

PURITYSUBMISSIONDOMESTICITYSlide6
Slide7

Coventry

PatmoreSlide8

Works

by

Coventry Patmore

Poetry

Poems (1844)The Angel in the House (1854)The Espousals (1856)Faithful for Ever (1860)The Victories of Love, (1862)The Unknown Eros and other Odes (1877)EssaysPrinciple in Art (1879)Religio Poetae (1893)The Rod, the Root, and the Flower (1895)Courage in Politics, and Other Essays (1885-1896)Slide9

Emily Augusta

AndrewsSlide10

The Angel in the House

Four

Parts

The Angel in the House (1854)The Espousals (1856)Faithful Forever (1860)The Victories of Love (1862)Slide11

Man

must

be

pleased; but him to pleaseIs woman's pleasure; down the gulfOf his condoled necessitiesShe casts her best, she flings herself.How often flings for nought! and yokesHer heart to an

icicle

or

whim

,

Whose

each

impatient

word

provokes

Another

,

not

from

her

,

but

him

;

While

she

,

too

gentle

even

to

force

His

penitence

by

kind

replies

,

Waits

by

,

expecting

his

remorse

,

With

pardon

in

her

pitying

eyes

.Slide12

And

if

he

once,

by shame oppress’d,A comfortable word confers,She leans and weeps against his breast,And seems to think the sin was hers;Or any eye to see her charms,At any time, she’s still

his

wife

,

Dearly

devoted

to

his

arms

,

She

loves

with

love

that

cannot

tire

;

And

when

, ah

woe

,

she

loves

alone,

Through

passionate

duty love

springs

higher

,

As

grass

grows

taller

round a

stone

.Slide13

His

merits

in her

presence grow,to match the promise in her eyes,and round her happy footsteps blowthe authentic airs of Paradise.Slide14

This

centrality

of the male narrator may be construed as simply keeping in with the gender relationship obtaining during the Victorian era (461).” Elaine Hartnell, “Nothing but Sweet and Womanly: A Hagiography of Patmore’s Angel”, (1996). “Women have been associated in a stereotypical way

with

both

good

and

evil

. As

an

angel

in the house, woman

has

been

credited

with

natural

goodness

,

an

innate

allegiance

to

a

law

of

kindness

.

But

this

same

description

extals

her

as

infantile,

weak

and

mindless

. A creature in

costant

need

of

a male supervision and

protection

.

Undertones

of

sadism

run

throughout

Coventry

Patmore

’s

hymn

to

the

angel

who

is

in reality a

prisoner

in the house

she

graces

(59)”.

Nel

Noddings

,

Women and

Evil

, (1984).Slide15

“The Angel in the House

is

a victorinisation

of

one of the major abstractions of courtly lyric and romance (Honour)” (140). “Honoria is for Felix (the felix wooer) what Beatrice is for Dante, but a Beatrice that finally marries him , the Queen of immaculate, clearly unadulterous espousals. A transformation has

occurred

: the

mistress

is

also

the

wife

”(145).

Maurice

Montabrut

, “

Courtly

Manners

in a

Victorian

Home:

Patmore

’s

The Angel in the House

” (1994)Slide16

“And

while I

was

writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to reviewbooks I should need to do battle with a certain phantom. And the phantom was a woman, and when I came to know her better

I

called

her

after

the

heroine

of

a

famous

poem

, The Angel in the House.

It

was

she

who

used

to

come

between

me and

my

paper

when

I

was

writing

reviews

.

It

was

she

who

bothered

me and

wasted

my

time

and so

tormented

me

that

at last I

killed

her

.

You

who

come

of

a

younger

and

happier

generation

may

not

have

heard

of

her--you

may

not

know

what

I

mean

by

the Angel in the House. I

will

describe

her

as

shortly

as

I can.

She

was

intensely

sympathetic

.

She

was

immensely

charming

.

She

was

utterly

unselfish

.

She

excelled

in the

difficult

arts

of

family life.

She

sacrificed

herself

daily

.

If

there

was

chicken

,

she

took

the

leg

;

if

there

was

a

draught

she

sat

in

it--in

short

she

was

so

constituted

that

she

never

had

a mind or a

wish

of

her

own

,

but

preferred

to

sympathize

always

with

the

minds

and

wishes

of

others

.

Above

all--I

need

not

say

it---she

was

pure.

Her

purity

was

supposed

to

be

her

chief

beauty--her

blushes

,

her

great

grace

. In

those

days--the

last

of

Queen

Victoria--every

house

had

its

Angel. And

when

I

came

to

write

I

encountered

her

with

the

very

first

words

. The

shadow

of

her

wings

fell

on

my

page

; I

heard

the

rustling

of

her

skirts

in the

room

. Slide17

Directly

, that

is to say, I took my pen in my hand to review that novel by a famous man, she slipped behind me and whispered: "My dear, you are a young woman. You are writing about a book

that

has

been

written

by

a man. Be

sympathetic

;

be

tender;

flatter

;

deceive

;

use

all

the

arts

and

wiles

of

our

sex.

Never

let

anybody

guess

that

you

have

a mind

of

your

own

.

Above

all--I

need

not

say

it---she

was

pure.

Her

purity

was

supposed

to

be

her

chief

beauty--her

blushes

,

her

great

grace

. In

those

days--the

last

of

Queen

Victoria--every

house

had

its

Angel. And

when

I

came

to

write

I

encountered

her

with

the

very

first

words

. The

shadow

of

her

wings

fell

on

my

page

; I

heard

the

rustling

of

her

skirts

in the

room

.

Directly

,

that

is

to

say

, I

took

my

pen

in

my

hand

to

review

that

novel

by

a

famous

man,

she

slipped

behind

me and

whispered

: "

My

dear

,

you

are a

young

woman.

You

are

writing

about

a book

that

has

been

written

by

a man. Be

sympathetic

;

be

tender;

flatter

;

deceive

;

use

all

the

arts

and

wiles

of

our

sex.

Never

let

anybody

guess

that

you

have

a mind

of

your

own

.

Above

all

,

be

pure." And

she

made

as

if

to

guide

my

pen

. I

now

record the

one

act

for

which

I take some

credit

to

myself

,

though

the

credit

rightly

belongs

to

some

excellent

ancestors

of

mine

who

left

me a

certain

sum

of

money--shall

we

say

five

hundred

pounds

a

year

?--so

that

it

was

not

necessary

for

me

to

depend

solely

on charm

for

my

living. Slide18

I

turned

upon

her and caught her by the throat. I did my best to kill her. My excuse, if I were to be had up in a court of law, would be that I acted in self-defence. Had I

not

killed

her

she

would

have

killed

me.

She

would

have

plucked

the

heart

out

of

my

writing

.

For

,

as

I

found

,

directly

I put

pen

to

paper

,

you

cannot

review

even

a

novel

without

having

a mind

of

your

own

,

without

expressing

what

you

think

to

be

the

truth

about

human

relations,

morality

, sex. And

all

these

questions

,

according

to

the Angel

of

the House,

cannot

be

dealt

with

freely

and

openly

by

women;

they

must

charm,

they

must

conciliate,

they

must--to

put

it

bluntly--tell

lies

if

they

are

to

succeed

.

Thus

,

whenever

I

felt

the

shadow

of

her

wing

or the

radiance

of

her

halo

upon

my

page

, I

took

up the

inkpot

and

flung

it

at

her

.

She

died

hard.

Her

fictitious

nature

was

of

great

assistance

to

her

.

It

is

far

harder

to

kill

a

phantom

than

a reality.

She

was

always

creeping

back

when

I

thought

I

had

despatched

her

.

Though

I

flatter

myself

that

I

killed

her

in the end, the

struggle

was

severe;

it

took

much

time

that

had

better

have

been

spent

upon

learning

Greek

grammar

; or in roaming the world in

search

of

adventures

.

But

it

was

a

real

experience

;

it

was

an

experience

that

was

bound

to

befall

all

women

writers

at

that

time

.

Killing

the Angel in the House

was

part

of

the

occupation

of

a woman

writer

.”

Virginia Woolf,

Professions

for

Women

(1942).Slide19

For

many

years

I suffered from a severe and continuous nervous breakdown tending to melancholia-and beyond. During about the third year of this trouble I went, in devout faith and some faint stir of hope, to a noted specialist in nervous diseases

, the best

known

in the

country

.

This

wise

man put me

to

bed

and

applied

the

rest

cure,

to

which

a

still

good

physique

responded

so

promptly

that

he

concluded

that

there

was

nothing

much

the

matter

with

me, and sent me home

with

solemn

advice

to

`live

as

domestic

a life

as

possible

,’

to

`

have

but

two

hours

intelligent

life a

day

,’ and `

never

to

touch

pen

,

brush

or

pencil

again

as

long

as

I

lived

.

This

was

in 1887. I

went

home and

obeyed

those

directions

for

some

three

months

, and

came

so

near

the

border

line

of

utter

mental

ruin

that

I

could

see

over

”.

Charlotte

Perkins

Gilman

,

The Yellow

Wall

Paper

and

Other

Stories

(1892)Slide20

American

Feminist

folk duo

The Story

publishes the album The Angel in the House in 1993