Inhalants refers to the vapors from toxic substances which are inhaled to reach an incredibly strong yet short high HISTORY Initially inhalants were used as pain relievers Yet inhaling f ID: 443010
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "INHALANTS" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
INHALANTS
“Inhalants” refers to the vapors from toxic substances, which are inhaled to reach an incredibly strong yet short high. Slide2
HISTORY
Initially, inhalants
were used
as pain
relievers. Yet
inhaling f
umes
from chemicals such as
oils
, resins,
and perfumes
to alter the individuals state of consciousness, or as part of religious ceremonies, dates back to ancient times in Egypt,
Babylonia, India,
and China.Slide3
HISTORY CONTINUED
1776, an English chemist by the name Joseph Priestly discovered and proved the presence of oxygen and nitrogen in the air. It is then that Priestly created nitrous
oxide.
This is done by
“heating ammonium nitrate in the presence of iron filings, and then passing the gas that came off through water to remove toxic by-products”.Slide4
Joseph PriestlySlide5
Sir Humphry Davy
1799- Sir Humphry Davy was a British chemist who initially studied inhalants and gasses.
Davy prepared and inhaled
Nitrous Oxide, and is responsible for the term “laughing
gas”. He
was known to hold nitrous oxide parties where people could experience
this
“laughing gas
”
He is best known to have invented the safety lamp for miners,
and
he also discovered iodine.
Noting the anesthetic effects, Davy proposed that the gas could be used for operations, although this was not tried for another half century.Slide6
Sir Humphry DavySlide7
Horace Wells
Around the mid 1800s, nitrous oxide, ether and chloroform were the anesthetics most commonly used.
Dentist
Horace Wells personally experimented with N
itrous Oxide
to remove one of his own teeth.
It
was from this point on that nitrous oxide was used to relieve pain during surgeries. Slide8
Horace WellsSlide9
Early 1900’s
Nitrous oxide was also found to have similar effects to alcohol yet was far less expensive. This came in handy especially during the Prohibition Era of the early 1900’s
.
In the 1940s, recreational use of solvents, primarily gasoline, became popular
.
Abuse of inhalants in the United States increased in the 1950s, and in the 60’s several more products were added to the list of inhalants. Slide10
Current Inhalants
Fast forward to current day, there are now over one thousand products that can be inhaled.
The
list included rubber cement, nail polish, markers, gasoline, whippets, paint, paint thinner, and any aerosol product including hairspray, spray paint, potpourri, Old English wood cleaner, and Lysol. Slide11
Common InhalantsSlide12
How Inhalants are Ingested
The way most aerosol products are inhaled, is a towel is placed over the canister and then the individual places mouth over the towel. This creates a form of euphoria, yet this high is minimal compared to other forms of inhalants
.
Gasses, paints, and other liquid forms of inhalants, the individual places mouth over container and takes large inhales. In the most extreme form, the individual can be seen with paint all over his or her face. Slide13
WhoopsSlide14
Double WhoopsSlide15
WHIPPETS AND POPPERS
The most common inhalants are whippets and poppers.
Poppers
hit
the scene during the 1970’s and whippets during the late 80’s early 90’s. What separates poppers from whippets are the ingredients “amyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, and isopropyl nitrite.
Both of these inhalants
provide the “
wah
,
wah’s
”. The “
wah
,
wah’s
” describe the sound that the individual hears when these inhalants are ingested. This can be described as a heart beat in your brain and when the individual does too much, a seizure like effect takes place. Slide16
Short-Term Effects
Nosebleeds Slurred Speech
Headaches Hallucinations
Nausea Hostility
Vomiting Prolonged Sniffing
Unconsciousness Impaired Judgment Slide17
Long-Term Effects
Muscle Weakness Memory Impairment
Disorientation Hearing Loss
Lack of Coordination Bone Marrow Damage
Damage to Internal Organs Death Slide18
Long-Term Continued
The long-term affects start by depressing the central nervous system. This ultimately decreases the amount oxygen received by the brain, which can also cause permanent brain damage. “Chronic inhalant abuse can lead to permanent loss of brain tissue volume and lasting abnormalities in brain structure. Inhaling solvents causes more cognitive impairment than cocaine abuse”Slide19
Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome
Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome is heart failure resulting from an irregular heartbeat usually caused by stress or strenuous activity after using inhalants. It is thought that the inhalant drug makes the heart increasingly sensitive to the effects of adrenaline. Slide20
Statistics
“22.9 million Americans” have tried inhalants,
“22% of inhalant abusers who died of Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome had no history of previous inhalant abuse”
Over 2.6 Million children, ages 12-17, use inhalants to get high
Inhalants tend to be the drug that is first tried by children
Inhalants are fourth in line when it comes to substances abused. Inhalants fall right after Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana
Slide21
Before and After Slide22
Hmm…..Slide23
Inhalants are Bad for You….Slide24
Works Cited
BBC News
. BBC. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://
www.bbc.co.uk
/history/
historic_figures
/
davy_humphrey.shtml
Datta
,
Chandan
,
Suparna
Datta
, Sanjay Kumar
Saha
,
Saptarshi
Chatterjee
, and
Medhatithi
Barman. "Inhalant Abuse: A Curse to the New Generation Adolescents."
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences
(2014). Print.
"
History Inhalant Abuse Info NIPC National Inhalant Prevention Coalition."
History Inhalant Abuse Info NIPC National Inhalant Prevention Coalition
. 11 Jan. 2011. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.
"
Inhalant Statistics and Reports - Inhalant Abuse Prevention."
Inhalant Abuse Prevention
. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://
www.inhalant.org
/media/inhalant-statistics-and-reports/>.
"
Nitrous Oxide History Air
Liquide
."
Nitrous Oxide History Air
Liquide
. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://
www.airliquide.com
/en/company/our-businesses-our-products/other-gases/nitrous-oxide-2/nitrous-oxide-
history.html
>.
"
Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome (SSDS)."
CODA
. 1 Jan. 2011. Web. 9 Nov. 2014. <http://
www.drugabuse.ca
/sudden-sniffing-death-syndrome-
ssds
>.