Guided reading q amp a Council rock high school South Caliphs and the Caliphate Caliph The supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the Caliphate Muhammad the Prophet was the first official Caliph ID: 484235
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Slide1
The Spread of Islam
Guided reading q & a Council rock high school South Slide2
Caliphs and the Caliphate
Caliph= The supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the Caliphate.
Muhammad the Prophet was the first official Caliph Slide3
1. Who was Abu Bakr?
The prophet Muhammad’s father in law The first successor to Muhammad
See “Muhammad’s Death” section in the textbook. Slide4
2. What are the basic differences between Sunni and Shia?
Sunni-
no one stands between believer and God.
Shia
-
”Imams”
are the
true Caliphs=
(rightful
successors of
Muhammad
)
Imams
are possessed
with
divine
knowledge and
authority
.Slide5
Sunni vs. Shia Muslims
Sunni
90% of all Muslims
Believe Muhammad did
NOT
designate a successor
True successor, Abu Bakr was elected by the people of Medina
Imams are simply human leaders
Qualifications for future rulers: Any qualified Muslim
Shia
10% of all Muslims
Major countries: Iraq
& Iran
Believe Muhammad personally designated a successor=Ali the husband of his daughter
Imams are Infallible manifestations of God and perfect interpreters of the Qur'an. Qualifications for future rulers: Family line of the prophet
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Slide6
3. How might the death of Husayn affect later political conflicts between Sunni and Shia?
Obviously has intensified their conflicts since Shia Muslims see Husayn as the rightful heir to the
Caliphate after Ali. Slide7
4. What was the name of the first dynasty to gain control of the caliphate?
Umayyad Dynasty Slide8
5. What situation helped lead to the end of Umayyad rule?
Discontent among the peopleSlide9
6. What features marked the Abbasid style of rule?
Persian style government, little contact with the people Slide10Slide11
7. What do you think the Abbasids should be remembered for?
Flourishing of Muslim culture, art, & science Slide12
8. Who were the Fatimids, Seljuk Turks, & the Mamluks?
Groups who challenged the caliph’s power