Danielle Timothy RN, BSN - PowerPoint Presentation

1. Danielle Timothy RN, BSNEpidemiologist and TB Control RNProtecting Healthcare Personnel:Personal Protective Equipment

2. Discussion PointsPersonal Protective EquipmentHand HygieneGlovesStandard and Extended Precautions

3. Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment, or PPE, is “…specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials” (OSHA).

4. Gloves – protect hands Gowns/aprons – protect skin and/or clothing Masks and respirators– protect mouth/nose Respirators – protect respiratory tract from airborne infectious agents Goggles – protect eyes Face shields – protect face, mouth, nose, and eyesTypes of PPE Used in Healthcare Settings

5. Control transmission at the source (the patient)Cover mouth and nose for cough or sneezeSeparation of the sick and healthyProtect care givers/ care providers- people in close contact with patientsRespiratory etiquette, social distancing, hand hygieneMasksGloves, gowns, eye protectionPriority for PPE

6. How to Safely Use PPEKeep gloved hands away from faceAvoid touching or adjusting other PPERemove gloves if they become torn; perform hand hygiene before donning new glovesLimit surfaces and items touched

7. “Contaminated” and “Clean” Areas of PPEContaminated – outside, front-Areas of PPE that have or are likely to have been in contact with body sites, materials, or environmental surfaces where the infectious organism may resideClean – inside, outside back, ties on head and back-Areas of PPE that are not likely to have been in contact with the infectious organism

8. Donning and Doffing PPESequence for donning, or putting on:1. Gown2. Mask or respirator3. Goggles or face shield4. Gloves

9. Donning and Doffing PPESequence for doffing, or removal:1. Gloves2. Face Shield, goggles3. Gown4. Mask, respirator5. Hand Hygiene

10. Donning and Doffing PPE

11. How to Remove Gloves (1)Grasp outside edge near wristPeel away from hand, turning glove inside-outHold in opposite gloved hand

12. How to Remove Gloves (2)Slide ungloved finger under the wrist of the remaining glovePeel off from inside, creating a bag for both glovesDiscard

13. How to Remove Goggles, Face ShieldGrasp ear or head pieces with ungloved handsLift away from facePlace in designated receptacle for reprocessing or disposal

14. How to Remove Isolation GownUnfasten tiesPeel gown away from neck and shoulderTurn contaminated outside toward the insideFold or roll into a bundleDiscard

15. Removing a MaskDo NOT touch the mask itselfUntie the bottom, then top tieRemove from faceDiscardWash hands

16. Removing a Particulate RespiratorDo NOT touch the mask itselfLift the bottom elastic over your head firstThen lift off the top elasticDiscardWash hands

17. Hand HygienePerform hand hygiene immediately after removing PPE

18. Hand HygieneHand Hygiene means cleaning your hands by using either handwashing (washing hands with soap and water), antiseptic hand wash, antiseptic hand rub (i.e. alcohol-based hand sanitizer including foam or gel), or surgical hand antisepsis.

19. Hand HygieneWhen Healthcare personnel should use alcohol based hand sanitizer:Immediately before touching a patient.Before performing an aseptic task (e.g., placing an indwelling device) or handling invasive medical devices.Before moving from work on a soiled body site to a clean body site on the same patient.After touching a patient or the patient’s immediate environment.After contact with blood, body fluids, or contaminated surfaces.Immediately after glove removal.

20. Hand HygieneWhen Healthcare personnel should use soap and water:When hands are visibly soiled.After caring for a person with known suspected infectious diarrhea.After known or suspected exposure to spores.

21. Hand HygieneTechnique for Washing Hands with Soap and WaterWhen cleaning your hands with soap and water, wet your hands first with water, apply the amount of product recommended by the manufacturer to your hands, and rub your hands together vigorously for at least 20 seconds, covering all surfaces of the hands and fingers.Rinse your hands with water and use disposable towels to dry. Use towel to turn off the faucet.Avoid using hot water, to prevent drying of skin.

22. Hand HygieneTechnique for Using Alcohol Based Hand SanitizerPut product on hands and rub hands togetherCover all surfaces until hands feel dryThis should take around 20 seconds

23. GlovesThe purpose of gloves is to protect hands during patient care and environmental services.

24. Wear gloves, according to Standard Precautions, when it can be reasonably anticipated that contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials, mucous membranes, non-intact skin, potentially contaminated skin, or contaminated equipment could occur.Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene.If your task requires gloves, perform hand hygiene prior to donning gloves, before touching the patient, or the patient environment.Perform hand hygiene immediately after removing gloves.When and How to Wear Gloves

25. Change gloves and perform hand hygiene during patient care, if:gloves become damaged,gloves become visibly soiled with blood or body fluids following a task,moving from work on a soiled body site to a clean body site on the same patient or if another clinical indication for hand hygiene occurs.Never wear the same pair of gloves in the care of more than one patient.Carefully remove gloves to prevent hand contaminationWhen and How to Wear Gloves

26. Standard and Extended Precautions.A precaution is a measure taken in advance to prevent something dangerous, unpleasant, or inconvenient from happening.

27. Standard PrecautionsPreviously called Universal PrecautionsAssumes blood and body fluid of ANY patient could be infectiousRecommends PPE and other infection control practices to prevent transmission in any healthcare settingDecisions about PPE use determined by type of clinical interaction with patient

28. PPE for Standard PrecautionsGloves – Use when touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items; for touching mucus membranes and nonintact skinGowns – Use during procedures and patient care activities when contact of clothing/ exposed skin with blood/body fluids, secretions, or excretions is anticipatedMask and goggles or a face shield – Use during patient care activities likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions

29. Contact Precautions-Contact Precautions are intended to prevent transmission of infectious agents which are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient’s environment.Droplet Precautions-Droplet Precautions are intended to prevent transmission of pathogens spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with respiratory secretions. Airborne Precautions-Airborne Precautions prevent transmission of infectious agents that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air (e.g., rubeola virus [measles], varicella virus [chickenpox], M. tuberculosis, and possibly SARS-CoV).Transmission Precautions

30. Contact Precautions– Gown and gloves for contact with patient or environment of care (e.g., medical equipment, environmental surfaces).-In some instances these are required for entering patient’s environment.Droplet Precautions – Surgical masks within 3 feet of patient.Airborne Precautions- Mask or respirator depending on the disease.PPE for Transmission Precautions

31. Hand HygieneRequired for Standard and Transmission PrecautionsPerform hand hygiene: -Immediately after removing PPE -Between patient contactsWash hands thoroughly with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand rub

32. SummaryPPE is available to protect you from exposure to infectious agents in the healthcare workplaceKnow what type of PPE is necessary for the duties you perform and use it properly