nickelII and cadmiumII ions removal Tijana Stanišić Ana Popović Jelena Rusmirović Maja Đolić Mirjana Ristić Aleksandra PerićGrujić and Aleksandar ID: 913283
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Slide1
Lignin microspheres as a nature-based material for effectivenickel(II) and cadmium(II) ions removal
Tijana Stanišić, Ana Popović, Jelena Rusmirović, Maja Đolić, Mirjana Ristić, Aleksandra Perić-Grujić and Aleksandar Marinković
Slide2Environmental pollution caused by fast growing population, urbanization andindustrialization has become a serious threat to the contemporary society
Sustainable development and the circular economy are becoming the new imperative of industrial growth, as the world faces the depletion of natural resources and consequences of climate changeEnvironmental migration of metals depends on a number of chemical processes such as coagulation, adsorption and coprecipitation, desorption, ion exchange, hydroxide and carbonate dissolutionlignin is considered as an environmentally friendly bio-adsorbent for the effective removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater
Slide3characteristics of
heavy
metal
ions:high toxicity, Carcinogenicitynon-degradability Persistencehigh solubility and mobility To facilitate the monitoring of pollution there are strictly prescribed and legally enforced regulations indicating the permitted concentrations of hazardous and noxious substances in the environment
Cd0,003 mg/L
Ni0,02 mg/L
Heavy metals
Slide4various treatment processes for removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions: Chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption, membrane technology, electrochemical
treatment, coagulation and flocculation Adsorption is commonly used technique for the removal of metal ions from various industrial effluents Adsorption is a process that occurs when a gas or liquid solute accumulates on the surface of a solid or a liquid (adsorbent), forming a molecular or atomic film (the adsorbate)advantages of adsorption: ease of operation, high removal efficiency and the availability of various adsorbents that can be regenerated
Adsorption
Slide5Lignin is a natural amorphous polymer that has great potential for use as a building block in the production of bio
renewable materials Lignin is an abundant natural polymer present in lignocellulosic biomass (15-30% by weight), together with cellulose and hemicelluloses it has complex macromolecular three-dimensional structure and presence of methoxyL, phenolic and aliphatic hydroxyl, ketone and aldehyde groups Lignin offers advantages of abundance, lowing cost, good stability, biocompatibility and sufficient oxygen containing functional groups, etc., making it a potential polymer for the retention of heavy metalsThe modifications of wood derivates, such as cellulose and lignin, are widely applied as natural polymers due to their economic feasibility, ecological similarity and adsorption capabilities
Lignin
Slide6the lack of raw lignin is a small specific surface area
chemical modification of the adsorbent, to different functional groupsCompared to traditional adsorbents, microspheres provide a larger surface area and possess better diffusion, dispersion, and mass transfer behaviorThe prepared LMS was with 36.9 m2 g-1 surface area and 7.7 mmol g-1 of terminal amino groups. The
subject of this paper is the adsorption of nickel and cadmium from aqueous solutions using
modified lignin-lignin microspheres with 5.0 mass% alginate
Slide7Testing in batch system, 24 samplesInvestigation of the influence of contact time, temperature and mass of the adsorbentThe initial concentration of nickel and cadmium is 10 mg/LThe pH of the nickel solution was 5.5 and the cadmium solution was 6.0
Three different temperatures of 298K, 308K and 318KThe porous microspheres are of a radius of 50 to 950 microns and a surface area of 36.9 m2 g-1 were synthesized via inverse suspension copolymerization of the kraft lignin with a poly(ethylene imine) grafting-agent and an epichlorohydrin cross-linker
E
XPERIMENTAL
S
ECTION
Slide8SEM
Structural and surface characteristics
Slide9FTIR
Slide10The determined pHPZC of A-LMS_5 was 6.2percentage uptake of the
Cd2+ and Ni2+ ions increases with an increase in pH from 4 to 8 In the 6-8 pH range, the maximum uptake (close to 100%) of Ni2+ and Cd2+
ions is observed
Slide11T=298, 308 i 318 K; m=1, 5, 7,5 i 10 mg; Co=10 mg/L ; t=60 min
Absorption parameters according to models of absorption isotherms
Metal
T (K)
Lengmirov model
Frojndlihov model
Cd
2+ qmax( mg/g)Kl(L/m
g
)
R
2
n
K
f
R
2
298
51,3
0,27
0,984
1,972
18,9
0,931
308
96,2
0,21
0,985
1,364
18,4
0,993
318
80,0
0,79
0,9931,38813,30,995
Metal T (K) Lengmirov model Frojndlihov model Ni 2+ qmax( mg/g)Kl (L/mg)R2 nKfR2298 62,10,200,8610,1392,90,92730855,90,260,9231,88816,30,98231889,30,500,9901,36014,20,999
Slide12Kinetic parameters
T=298, 308 i 318 K
t=5, 15, 30 i 90 min
m=1,0 mg
Co=10 mg/L
MetalT (K)
Pseudo – prvi red
Pseudo – drugi red Cd 2+
q
e, exp ( mg/g)
q
e1(mg/g)
k
1(L/min)
R
2
q
e2 (mg/g)
k
2(g/mg min)
R
2
298
42,254
14,911
0,038
0,826
44,250
0,005
0,998
308
43,254
10,723
0,028
0,85143,4780,0091,00031852,25329,7850,041
0,98154,9450,0030,996MetalT (K) Pseudo – prvi redPseudo – drugi red Ni2+ qe, exp ( mg/g)qe1( mg/g)k1(L/min)R2qe2( mg/g)k2(g/mg min)R229845,962 13,5930,0360,98540,9840,0090,99930841,84516,0320,0360,88643,4780,0051,000318
40,325
18,993
0,025
0,932
40,9840,0040,999
Slide13The process is spontaneous and endothermic
Thermodynamic parameters
Metal
T (K)
K
l (L/mol)∆G0
(kJ/mol)∆H0 (kJ/mol)∆S0
(kJ/K mol) Cd2+
29830010,8-25,542
42,211
0,225
308
23941,2
-25,821
318
89133,2
-30,134
Metal
T (K)
K
l
(L/mol)
∆G
0
(kJ/mol)
∆H
0
(kJ/mol)
∆S
0
(kJ/K mol)
Ni
2+
29811972,7-23,265 35,231 0,196
30815142,0-24,64731829427,2-27,204
Slide14adsorption process has great potential for the elimination of heavy metals from Industrial wastewater using low cost adsorbents lignin is still
continuously researched for reaching its full potential as an eco-friendly bio-adsorbent for efficient removal of heavy-metal ions from Chemical modification of adsorbents with certain functional groups has proven to be an effective way to improve their adsorption propertiesThe maximum adsorption capacity of the A-LMS for nickel (II) ions was 89.286 mg g-1 at a temperatureof 318 K, while for the adsorption of cadmium(II) ions it was 96.154 mg g-1 at a temperature of308 K. Based on the obtained, presented and analyzed results of the adsorption process, it can be concluded that the modified lignin can be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of nickel and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions
Conclusion