Toward Human Rights in Mexico David Crow Divisi ón de Estudios Internacionales Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas CIDE davidcrowcideedu Presented at the International Conference Surveys and Human Rights Local Reception of International Norms CIDE November 1213 ID: 915446
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Experiences of Crime and Attitudes Toward Human Rights in Mexico
David Crow División de Estudios InternacionalesCentro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE)david.crow@cide.edu
Presented at the International Conference “Surveys and Human Rights: Local Reception of International Norms,” CIDE, November 12-13, 2015
Slide2“Los derechos humanos son de los humanos, no de las ratas.”
A
rturo Montiel, 1999 campaign
Dilemma: Fight Crime or Protect Rights of the Accused?
Slide3Dual ContextRising Crime & HR Violations
100k+ homicides, 25k forced disappearaces since drug warComplaints against Army, Navy, police forcesIncreased Commitment to Human Rightslegal / institutional / rhetoricalcivil society2008 criminal justice reform
Slide4Research QuestionsDo people believe that human rights protect criminals?
Where are the people who believe this? Does experience of crime (direct or indirect) incline people to believe this?
Slide5DataLas Américas y el Mundo
(CIDE) / Human Rights Perceptions Polls (UMinn) Mexico (2012, 2014-15)Colombia (2013, 2015); Ecuador (2012, 2014)HRPP (Morocco: 2012; India: 2012-2013; Nigeria: 2014)Data: Mexico 2014-15
N
= 2,400
160 municipalities10-60 Rs in each
Slide6Definitions of Human Rights
“¿Qué tanto tiene que ver proteger a delincuentes___ con lo que usted entiende por derechos humanos?”Scale of 1-71 = “not at all” 7 = “very much”Liberal“protecting people from torture and murder”“promoting social and economic justice”
“promoting free and fair elections”
Skeptical:
“promoting U.S. interests”“promoting foreign values and ideas”
Slide7Do Mexicans Believe Rights Protect Criminals?
Not really: Avg. = 2.7 (midpoint of 4)Liberal view prevails:
Socioeconomic Justice (5.9)
Protection from torture (5.8)
Free and fair elections (5.2)
Slide8Geographical Distrubution
Municipal-level averages (SAE)Northern states: avg. 1.4 pts. higher
Slide9CausesCrime:
Direct Experience: victimization (personal or family): murder, kidnapping, robbery/theftLiving in High Crime Area (homicide rates)Drugs (number of cartels in municipality)Politics: Parties (% of municipal vote)
Slide10Homicides
Slide11HomicidesHigh-murder municipalities map onto high rights skepticism
Slide12HomicidesEvery additional 100 murders
↑ 0.6 pts.
San Diego de la Unión: 2.8
San Fernando: 5.2
Slide13BUT …
No relationship so far to direct experience of victimizationPossible relationship to no. of cartelsweakens when controlling for murder rate
Slide14Useful for Advocates?
DiagnosisTargettingMessaging