Ozymandias I met a traveller from an antique land - PowerPoint Presentation

1. OzymandiasI met a traveller from an antique landWho said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stoneStand in the desert. Near them, on the sand,Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frownAnd wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold commandTell that its sculptor well those passions readWhich yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed.And on the pedestal these words appear:"My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"Nothing beside remains. Round the decayOf that colossal wreck, boundless and bareThe lone and level sands stretch far away.Percy ShelleyThe narrator is retelling a story he heard in Egypt.Adjective ‘vast’ shows the statue has huge legs but the adjective ‘trunkless’ shows the statue has no body.Verb ‘sunk’ shows it is buried in the sand and hidden.Adjective ‘shattered’ shows it’s face (visage) is damaged.Negative imagery gives the impression Ozymandias was a cruel king. ‘Sneer’ and ‘frown’ suggests he was contemptuous towards others.‘mocked’ could suggest the writer is mocking the way the statue has lost its power.The words on the statue ask others to appreciate how great the statue is which is ironic as the statue is no longer ‘Mighty’.Ozymandias was an Egyptian King who had a statue created to show off his power. Short sentence and alliteration shows the statue is now isolated and the desert destroys (levels)everything over time.Oxymoron ‘colossal wreck’ shows that the great statue is now ruined.Shelley was a Romantic poet who believed nature was more powerful than humans. He hated authority which is why he mocks how nature ruins Ozymandias’ statue. The poem is a warning to anyone who thinks their power is immortal. The writer shows how human power does not last.The poem is a 14 line sonnet. This form reflects the power of Ozymandias. However, the structure is not perfect to show the statue is now not perfect.

2. MAMETZ WOODFor years afterwards the farmers found them –the wasted young, turning up under their plough bladesas they tended the land back into itself.A chit of bone, the china plate of a shoulder blade,the relic of a finger, the blownand broken bird’s egg of a skull,all mimicked now in flint, breaking blue in whiteacross this field where they were told to walk, not run,towards the wood and its nesting machine guns.And even now the earth stands sentinel,reaching back into itself for reminders of what happenedlike a wound working a foreign body to the surface of the skin.This morning, twenty men buried in one long grave,a broken mosaic of bone linked arm in arm,their skeletons paused mid dance-macabrein boots that outlasted them,their socketed heads tilted back at an angleand their jaws, those that have them, dropped open.As if the notes they had sunghave only now, with this unearthing,slipped from their absent tongues.Suggests young soldiers lost lives before they had really begunEmphasises how deadly battle war and how it still affects usMetaphors show fragility of soldiersPoet is criticising the orders that sent the soldiers to their deathsSwitch to present tense makes horror seem more realSuggests the soldiers stayed close together even in deathEnding creates a haunting tone. The voices of the soldiers had been silence but only now are they being heard.Violent imagery describing the moment the soldiers were shot shows horror of warThe poem is about celebrating the bravery of the soldiers who lose their livesThe poem is set out in rows of 3 like a ploughed field butthe irregular enjambment reflects the way the bits of bone disrupt attempts to forget the past.Wound is metaphor suggesting earth is trying to heal itself

3. AfternoonsSummer is fading:The leaves fall in ones and twosFrom trees borderingThe new recreation ground.In the hollows of afternoonsYoung mothers assembleAt swing and sandpitSetting free their children.Behind them, at intervals,Stand husbands in skilled trades,An estateful of washing,And the albums, letteredOur Wedding, lyingNear the television:Before them, the windIs ruining their courting-placesThat are still courting-places(But the lovers are all in school),And their children, so intent onFinding more unripe acorns,Expect to be taken home.Their beauty has thickened.Something is pushing themTo the side of their own lives.The poem is about young mothers who are in the afternoons of their lives where children have taken away their identities.Summer fading represents the happiest time of life coming to an end.The decline is gradual and imperceptibleBordering suggests the trees are stopping the mother from escaping.‘Hollows’ suggests the lives of the mothers are empty‘Setting free’ suggests the mothers miss the freedom the children have.‘Assemble’ suggests the mothers go the park because they are forced to not through choice.Suggests the mothers do not feel supported by their husband.Suggests the women lack their own identities as they all do the same chores.‘Lying’ suggests the wedding album is ignored and not important anymoreSuggests the children are young and naïve and not yet ready for adulthood..‘Thickened’ suggests the mothers are not as beautiful as they were. They have no time to look after themselves.Suggests the mothers have been forced to forget about their own lives so they can look after their childrenSuggests that over time the wind has destroyed the places they used to go to imply the romance has gone.Suggests romance is only for young peopleThe writer Philip Larkin never married or had kids so has a negative view on how having children is restricting.The poem uses enjambment and 8 lines per stanza. The ordinary/boring structure reflects how ordinary their lives are.

4. Valentine by Carol Ann DuffyNot a red rose or a satin heart. I give you an onion.It is a moon wrapped in brown paper.It promises lightlike the careful undressing of love. Here.It will blind you with tearslike a lover.It will make your reflectiona wobbling photo of grief. I am trying to be truthful. Not a cute card or a kissogram. I give you an onion.Its fierce kiss will stay on your lips,possessive and faithfulas we are,for as long as we are. Take it.Its platinum loops shrink to a wedding ring,if you like.Lethal.Its scent will cling to your fingers,cling to your knife.Immediately the writer shows this is not a traditional Valentine’s poem and she dislikes traditional gifts.‘moon’ suggests her love is mysterious and romantic‘brown paper’ could suggest how people must be unwrapped to find their true worth.‘promises light’ suggests her love seems attractive but may bring darkness laterCould refer to getting to know the layers of a person or removing clothes in love making.Blunt imperatives show she is assertively commanding her lover to take the onion as a gift.Metaphor linking how a relationship like cutting an onion can cause tears of painThe writer uses an onion as a metaphor to express how her love is unique, distinctive and powerfulMetaphor suggests love can lead to insecurity, self-reflection and tears.Oxymoron suggests love can be violent and threateningSuggests love can be controlling and unstableAlliteration makes traditional gifts sound tacky‘Platinum suggests love is rare and special but the verb ‘shrink’ suggests passion is reduced after marriage.The violent imagery to end the poem suggests love is painful and violent. The loose irregular structure reflects the unpredictability of love.The tone moves from positive to negative to reflect how relationships can break down.This is the key line in revealing her purpose: to be honest about love.

5. To AutumnSeason of mists and mellow fruitfulness,Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;Conspiring with him how to load and blessWith fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shellsWith a sweet kernel; to set budding more,And still more, later flowers for the bees,Until they think warm days will never cease,For Summer has o'er-brimm'd their clammy cells.Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may findThee sitting careless on a granary floor,Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;Or on a half-reap'd furrow sound asleep,Drows'd with the fume of poppies, while thy hookSpares the next swath and all its twined flowers;And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keepSteady thy laden head across a brook;Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?Think not of them, thou hast thy music too -While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mournAmong the river sallows, borne aloftOr sinking as the light wind lives or dies;And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble softThe red-breast whistles from a garden-croft;And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.The poet is celebrating autumn and personifies it as a woman.Stanza 1 is about the start of autumn and end of summer.Stanza 2 is about mid autumnA time for rest.Stanza 2 is about the end of autumn start of winter.Shows time is passingSuggests autumn is secretiveShows autumn is calmSuggests autumn is the best season and the peak of life.Reference to fruits show autumn is a time where there isan abundance of foodAutumn tricks people into thinking the warmth will never end.Metaphor suggests autumn is intoxicating and beautiful.Autumn is described as a person admiring its achievements.Suggests autumn has made people forget about springThe death imagery link to autumn dying but also to the writer dying shortly after the poem aged 25. Reference to a robin suggestsAutumn has done its job and winter is coming.Suggests the birds are ready to fly away also the writer is ready for deathSuggests autumn can be seen by all‘careless’ suggests autumn is effortless in the changes it makes

6. As Imperceptibly as Grief  As imperceptibly as GriefThe Summer lapsed away --Too imperceptible at lastTo seem like Perfidy --A Quietness distilledAs Twilight long begun,Or Nature spending with herselfSequestered Afternoon --The Dusk drew earlier in --The Morning foreign shone --A courteous, yet harrowing Grace,As Guest, that would be gone --And thus, without a WingOr service of a KeelOur Summer made her light escapeInto the Beautiful.Emily Dickinson‘Summer’ is a metaphor for the happiest time of her life going away.‘Perfidy’ means to trick someone. She feels time has tricked her by taking away her happiness.This simile compares the fading of grief to the changing of the seasons.Twilight is a metaphor to suggest she feels trapped between life and deathShe suggests her grief at losing her happiness as gentle and a natural processShe compares the nights getting shorter to her grief fading over time.She finds the fading of grief as polite but distressing.Personification. She preferred the feeling of grief as she now feels empty without it.She feels trapped and has no means to escape the end of her happiest times. This is a metaphor for accepting she is to die and go to heaven ‘the beautiful;Her happiness left her quietlyThe short lines broken up by dashes reflects how she feels broken up by her grief for the loss of her happiness

7. She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies;And all that's best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes:Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impaired the nameless graceWhich waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o'er her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place.And on that cheek, and o'er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent,A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!Lord ByronOxymoron shows she is a perfect mix of good and evil.The ‘raven’ hair is associated with bad omens and shows Byron’s interest in the darkness and danger..‘She’ creates mystery because he doesn’t know her name.The structure has a regular ABABAB rhyme and 6 line stanzas to reflect the woman’s perfection. 6+6+6 = devil.The enjambment shows the speakers excitement and breathlessness when describing her beauty.The balance of this sentence reflects how the woman is perfectly balanced.Simile. Byron goes against convention by saying her darkness is attractive‘walks’ suggests everything about her is beautifulAlliteration helps show her mysterious beautyByron also admires her inner beauty.‘eloquent’ suggests her beauty is sophisticated and clearByron zooms in to admire parts of her face. He says she has the best smile.He is admiring her kindnessAnd innocence.He doesn’t mention ‘love’ until the last line. Maybe by writing the poem he has fallen in love with her.The poet is celebrating thebeauty of a woman. The poet was a wild womaniser.

8. The Soldier by Rupert Brooke 1887 – 1915 If I should die, think only this of me: That there’s some corner of a foreign fieldThat is for ever England. There shall be In that rich earth a richer dust concealed;A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam,A body of England’s, breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home.And think, this heart, all evil shed away, A pulse in the eternal mind, no less Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England given;Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day; And laughter, learnt of friends; and gentleness, In hearts at peace, under an English heaven.England/English is repeated 6 times to show his pride for his countryEngland isPersonified as a beautiful mother figure who nurtured himHe suggests the afterlife will be joyous and peaceful like his happiest times in EnglandThe poet glorifies the idea of war and self-sacrifice. It could be seen as a piece of propaganda as it turns negatives (dying in war) into positives (good for England).Imagery of nature suggests England is a tranquil and heavenly country. ‘Washed’ could also link to religious baptism.The poem is a 14 line sonnet. The sonnet form helps to glorify war and dying for your country. It is like a love poem to his country.If he dies in war, he only wants people to remember he was English.Rupert Brooke died in 1915 during WW1. He was buried in Greece so his prediction came true of being buried abroad. However, he died of pneumonia not in battle ; his death was not heroic.The poet feels he will be purified by his death and evil will be forgotten in the afterlifeHe imagines the soil will be richer where he dies because his ashes will be English ashes.

9. A Wife In London I--The Tragedy She sits in the tawny vapour    That the City lanes have uprolled,    Behind whose webby fold on fold Like a waning taper    The street-lamp glimmers cold. A messenger's knock cracks smartly,    Flashed news is in her hand    Of meaning it dazes to understand Though shaped so shortly:    He--has fallen--in the far South Land . . . II--The Irony 'Tis the morrow; the fog hangs thicker,    The postman nears and goes:    A letter is brought whose lines disclose By the firelight flicker    His hand, whom the worm now knows: Fresh--firm--penned in highest feather -    Page-full of his hoped return,    And of home-planned jaunts by brake and burn In the summer weather,    And of new love that they would learn.Image suggests claustrophobia as she feels trapped as she can’t do anything but wait for newsPathetic fallacy of fog creates eerie and gloomy tone to set scene for the tragic newsThe dying candle symbolises her husband’s life coming to an end or her hopes endingThe reference to ‘cold’ is also pathetic fallacy and foreshadows the deathOnomatopoeic verb shows how painful and sudden his knock wasto reflect her life breaking apartVerbs: ‘Flashed’ suggests the news was sudden‘Dazes’ suggests it was difficult to take inA euphemism is used to try and reduce the impact of the newsPathetic fallacy as the worse weather highlights how isolated she is in her griefAlliteration creates a cosy image of home which contrasts with the tragic situationWorms are associated with decay and refer to how the soldier is speaking from the grave in letter.Ironic as soldier is not longer fresh or firmPositive language abouthis excitement to returnadds to the sadnessStructure: The regular rhyme scheme suggests the tragedy was inevitable. The use of present tense makes it more dramatic.

10. AO1 – personal responseAO2 – language, form and structureAO3 - contextBand 5 (13-15marks)Focus, overview, coherence, sensitive, evaluative, originality, pertinent reference to the textAnalyse, assured reference, explore, evaluate, precise terminologyAssured understanding of contextPrelude By William WordsworthAnd in the frosty season, when the sun Was set, and visible for many a mile The cottage windows through the twilight blazed, I heeded not their summons: happy time It was indeed for all of us – to me It was a time of rapture. Clear and loud The village clock tolled six, – I wheeled about, Proud and exulting like an untired horse That cares not for his home. All shod with steel, We hissed along the polished ice in games Confederate, imitative of the chase And woodland pleasures, – the resounding horn, The pack loud chiming, and the hunted hare. So through the darkness and the cold we flew, And not a voice was idle; with the din Smitten, the precipices rang aloud; The leafless trees and every icy crag Tinkled like iron; while far-distant hills Into the tumult sent an alien sound Of melancholy not unnoticed, while the stars Eastward were sparkling clear, and in the west The orange sky of evening died away.The verb ‘blazed’ showsPoet’s warm memories of childhood‘cottage’ suggests a cosy village settingPoet remembers child hood with happiness that was shared by all.Noise ‘din’ shows the boys’ excitement.‘Wheeled’ suggest he skated freely with joy.Simile suggests boys are wild and untamed like a horse.‘hissed’ suggests the movements are swiftThe boys’ games are compared to a hunt to show close link to nature.Rapture shows intense excitement of childhood.Personification suggests nature is alive with its own musicSimile suggests the ice is hard but making musical sounds.‘leafless trees’ could link to poet growing olderOrange sky links to energy of youth. ‘Died away’ links to the poet growing old.Poet feels sadness that his days of childhood have passed‘Twilight’ suggests moment of happiness won’t last long.STRUCTURE: Enjambment and caesura create a breathless quality to show poet’s excitement.

11. Metaphor suggests his wife is trying to diffuse his injured mind. ‘Only then’ is repeated 4 times to show he is slow to open upAbout a wife’s search for husband she you used to know so well.Metaphor suggests his war experiences have made him numbAnd unable to talk about his feelingsMetal bullet compared to a ‘foetus’ to show how it drains his energyLoving language shows wife’s devotion to her husbandBroken jaw is a metaphor for his inability to talk about his feelingsVerbs reflect the woman’s actions in trying to heal her husband.‘fractured rudder’ metaphor suggests he can’t steer himself.Enjambment (run on lines) breaks up the rhythm to reflect his broken mindLines stop rhyming to reflect the couple’s relationship becoming broken.End of poem shows impact of war on relationships as she realises the real injury he has is mental not physical‘grazed heart’ can be a physical injury or the metaphorical injury which means he can’t connect with his wifePoem about a soldier who suffered physical injuries from being shot and mental injuries (PSTD) when he returned home.‘porcelain collar bone’ is metaphor for beauty and vulnerability’ or soldier

12. Cozy ApologiaI could pick anything and think of you—This lamp, the wind-still rain, the glossy blueMy pen exudes, drying matte, upon the page.I could choose any hero, any cause or ageAnd, sure as shooting arrows to the heart,Astride a dappled mare, legs braced as far apartAs standing in silver stirrups will allow—There you'll be, with furrowed browAnd chain mail glinting, to set me free:One eye smiling, the other firm upon the enemy.This post-postmodern age is all business: compact disksAnd faxes, a do-it-now-and-take-no-risksEvent. Today a hurricane is nudging up the coast,Oddly male: Big Bad Floyd, who brings a hostOf daydreams: awkward reminiscencesOf teenage crushes on worthless boysWhose only talent was to kiss you senseless.They all had sissy names—Marcel, Percy, Dewey;Were thin as licorice and as chewy,Sweet with a dark and hollow center. Floyd'sCussing up a storm. You're bunkered in yourAerie, I'm perched in mine(Twin desks, computers, hardwood floors):We're content, but fall short of the Divine.Still, it's embarrassing, this happiness—Who's satisfied simply with what's good for us,When has the ordinary ever been news?And yet, because nothing else will doTo keep me from melancholy (call it blues),I fill this stolen time with you.‘Cosy’ suggests her relationship is special. Apologia suggests she is defending her relationship from seeming ‘boring’.‘anything’ shows everythingReminds her of husband.Metaphor ends with her being grateful for having time to think about her relationship.Her husband stops her from feeling sad‘Lamp’ could symbolise how her husband inspires her to write.Reference to her husband as a Knight in shining armour suggests she feels her husband rescues and protects her.List sentence shows how modern life is so busy it stops the writer from having time to appreciate love.Rhyming couplets show the harmony in her relationship in Stanza 1The hurricane makes her reflect on all her failed relationships in the past with ‘worthless boys’Similes suggest how hollow and empty her previous relationships wereNeat rhyme scheme breaks up in this stanza to reflects the break ups in her previous relationships or to suggest the violence of the storm.Dove admits her relationship is not very romantic of heavenly but she is content.Dove feels embarrassed by her happiness because it is simpleRhetorical question shows it is viewed as boring.Rhymes again at the end to show she is happy and content with her relationship

13. Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs, And towards our distant rest began to trudge. Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots, But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind; Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots Of gas-shells dropping softly behind. Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, But someone still was yelling out and stumbling And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime.—Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. In all my dreams before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace Behind the wagon that we flung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,— My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria moriSimiles show soldiers are tired after battleAlliteration also shows fatigueVerbs show soldiers are injured and struggling to walkMetaphor shows they are confused and disorientatedRepetition shows sudden panic because of gas attackPresent tense verbs emphasise the struggle of one soldier who has no gas mask.Similes emphasise the horror of warVerb ‘gargling’ and adjective ‘froth corrupted’ create a sense of horror as the man dies.The poet is talking to Jessie Pope who wrote poems to persuade lads to join the war.The poet is being ironic by showing it is not sweet to die for your country. Instead dying in war is like hell.

14. DEATH OF A NATURALISTAll year the flax-dam festered in the heartOf the townland; green and heavy headedFlax had rotted there, weighted down by huge sods.Daily it sweltered in the punishing sun.Bubbles gargled delicately, bluebottlesWove a strong gauze of sound around the smell.There were dragonflies, spotted butterflies,But best of all was the warm thick slobberOf frogspawn that grew like clotted waterIn the shade of the banks. Here, every springI would fill jampotfuls of the jelliedSpecks to range on window sills at home,On shelves at school, and wait and watch untilThe fattening dots burst, into nimbleSwimming tadpoles. Miss Walls would tell us howThe daddy frog was called a bullfrogAnd how he croaked and how the mammy frogLaid hundreds of little eggs and this wasFrogspawn. You could tell the weather by frogs tooFor they were yellow in the sun and brownIn rain.    Then one hot day when fields were rankWith cowdung in the grass the angry frogsInvaded the flax-dam; I ducked through hedgesTo a coarse croaking that I had not heardBefore. The air was thick with a bass chorus.Right down the dam gross bellied frogs were cockedOn sods; their loose necks pulsed like sails. Some hopped:The slap and plop were obscene threats. Some satPoised like mud grenades, their blunt heads farting.I sickened, turned, and ran. The great slime kingsWere gathered there for vengeance and I knewThat if I dipped my hand the spawn would clutch it.The superlative ‘best’ shows he enjoyed learning about frogs at school.‘Great’ and ‘King’ shows he feels inferior to the frogs.Verbs suggests he is excited and impatient to watch the frogspawn hatch into tadpoles.Childish terms ‘daddy’ and ‘mammy’ makes the process sound cuter than it actually is which shows the speakers innocence as a child.The title refers to the metaphorical loss of the child’s innocence and realisation nature can be angry and dangerous.The personification of ‘punishing sun’ is unsettling to set the tone for what happens later in the poem.This is a volta where the tone suddenly changes to the older poet. The adjective ‘rank’ suggests the setting was unpleasant.‘Angry frogs’ shows the speaker is now aware of the dangers of frogs and could also be a metaphor for a angry teenager.In this first stanza, the poet recalls a fun childhood memory of learning about frogs at school.The words ‘invaded’ ‘cocked’ and ‘grenades’ shows poet feels threatened by frogs and have connotations of war.‘Clutch’ shows he now feels scaredBy the frogs’Adjectives ‘warm, thick’ shows he finds frogspawn fascinating and has connotations of safety and comfort.List of 3 shows his fearof the frogs’ noises.‘Vengeance’ suggests he is worried frogs want revengeOnomatopoeia shows he feelsthreatened by their sounds.Simile shows he now finds frogs disgusting.STRUCTURE:1st stanza excited/2nd stanza disgustedLine 21 very short to show volta.Enjambment = conversational tone. Iambic pentameter = form to memories

15. HAWK ROOSTING BY TED HUGHESI sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed.Inaction, no falsifying dreamBetween my hooked head and hooked feet:Or in sleep rehearse perfect kills and eat.The convenience of the high trees!The air's buoyancy and the sun's rayAre of advantage to me;And the earth's face upward for my inspection.My feet are locked upon the rough bark.It took the whole of CreationTo produce my foot, my each feather:Now I hold Creation in my footOr fly up, and revolve it all slowly -I kill where I please because it is all mine.There is no sophistry in my body:My manners are tearing off heads -The allotment of death.For the one path of my flight is directThrough the bones of the living.No arguments assert my right:The sun is behind me.Nothing has changed since I began.My eye has permitted no change.I am going to keep things like this.Repetition of adjective ‘hooked’ because the hawk is proud of hooks because they are his weapons.This is a metaphor for how the hawk sees himself as the king of the wood.This is an oxymoron to suggest the hawk sees beauty in killing things.The hawk dreams about killing in his sleep.The hawk thinks the environment is tailor-made for his own benefit.The hawk sees himself as superior withcontrol over the earthThe verb ‘locked’ is a metaphor for how the hawk’s power is permanent and unchanging.The hawk arrogantly believes the hawk is the most evolved and superior of all creatures.The hawk is deluded and sees itself asBeing more powerful than god.This suggests the hawk has no feelingsFor the prey it kills and it finds killing easy.‘All mine’ shows the hawk is selfish and thinks it can show its power in any way it wishes.This is ironic. Manners are normally polite but the verb ‘tearing’ is vicious to show the hawk enjoys killing.The hawk thinks its his job to decide who lives and dies.He doesn’t feel the need to make excuses for what his behaviour as he is above the law.The hawk things the sun agrees with how he behaves or that he is superior to the sun.The hawk believes it is the only being capable of making a change in the world.Like an arrogant dictator the hawk thinks it has the power to control the future.

16. Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barret-BrowningHow do I love thee? Let me count the ways.I love thee to the depth and breadth and heightMy soul can reach, when feeling out of sightFor the ends of Being and ideal Grace.I love thee to the level of everyday'sMost quiet need, by sun and candle-light.I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.I love thee with the passion put to useIn my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.I love thee with a love I seemed to loseWith my lost saints – I love thee with the breath,Smiles, tears, of all my life! – and, if God choose,I shall but love thee better after death.Rhetorical question suggests a conversation with her loverRepetition of ‘I love thee’ 8 times shows she is so overwhelmed by passionMetaphor/List shows how all-consuming and multi -dimensional her love is.Browning wrote this sonnet to define and express her love for Robert Browning who her father did not approve of.A sonnet is a 14 line love poem known for expressing love with a regular rhyme scheme and iambic pentameterReligious reference could comparing her love for Browning to her love for God,Means she loves him day and night but could also suggest he is her life source ‘sun’ that lights up her dark thoughts.Suggests her love is limitless and eternal.Maybe she does believe in God afterall?Suggests she loves him the way she used to love GodSuggests he has transformed her sadness into happinessExclamation mark and dashes show her breathlessness and passion for Robert Browning.Suggests there are lots of ways she loves himShe believes woman shouldbe able to choose who theywant to marry

17. Living Spaceby Imtiaz DharkerThere are just not enoughstraight lines. Thatis the problem.Nothing is flator parallel. Beamsbalance crookedly on supportsthrust off the vertical.Nails clutch at open seams.The whole structure leans dangerouslytowards the miraculous.Into this rough frame,someone has squeezeda living spaceand even dared to placethese eggs in a wire basket,fragile curves of whitehung out over the dark edgeof a slanted universe,gathering the lightinto themselves,as if they werethe bright, thin walls of faithThe lack of straight lines suggests the buildings are insecure which is a metaphor for how the lives are insecure in slums.The adverb ‘crookedly’ suggests the houses could collapse at any moment just as lives are at risk in the slums.Personification suggestsCommunity are desperateThe adjective ‘open’ suggests they lack protection.The poet feels the survival of the people in such places is a miracle.Verb ‘squeezed’ suggests overcrowding in the slumsThe eggs represent new life but also vulnerability as they can easily break.This is a metaphor for society because it is not equal between rich and poor.The contrast of ‘dark’ and ‘white’ shows beauty can exist in ugly places.The title is ironic as there isn’t much space to live in the slums of India.The use of enjambment reflects how the houses lean over each other.The poet admires the way their optimism which protects them from the difficult conditions.The adjective ‘bright’ suggests happiness while ‘thin’ shows fragility.This could be a metaphor to show it is not equal between rich and poor.

18.