Alexander MayerRieckh Workshop on Police Reform Tripoli 24 September 2013 Security sector reform Security a m ultidimensional definition Traditional statecentred security Human security ID: 368765
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Slide1
Police reform within an SSR Framework
Alexander Mayer-Rieckh
Workshop on Police Reform, Tripoli, 24 September 2013Slide2
Security sector reform
Security
– a
m
ulti-dimensional definition
Traditional state-centred security
Human security
Security sector – a comprehensive understanding
Security and justice
Security providers and oversight actors
State and non-state actors
Security
sector reform – 2 core goals
E
ffectiveness and efficiency
Accountability and integrity
Police reform
is more than reforming the police!Slide3
People
-centred policing
Multi-dimensional security – effective service in
response to threats facing the people and its state
Policing is a service
Policing starts and ends with the people = client
Concepts:
democratic policing, community
policing, i
ntelligence-led
policing…
Accountable to the people
Directly
IndirectlySlide4
Police within the securit
y sector
Police cannot function on its own
Criminal justice chain: police-justice-corrections
Reinforce relationship with prosecutor
Policing is not just done by the police
Other law enforcement actors
Non-state actors (security groups, private companies…)
Whoever exercises police powers
Policing is related to other security functions
Internal and external security – military
Policing and
intelligenceSlide5
2 core goals
of police reform
A police agency
2 institutional levels
2 institutional qualities
Capacity and integrity framework (CIF)
Not just capacity for operational effectiveness and service delivery but also…
Integrity and accountability in accordance with good governance
Police reform: promote2 qualities at 2 levels
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL
CAPACITY/EFFECTIVENESS
INTEGRITY/ACCOUNTABILITY
Mandate
Human resources Infrastructure, equipment Structure, rules, procedures Etc.
National strategies Management bodies Cooperation Etc.
A
POLICE AGENCY
Human r
ights, conduct
Disciplinary procedures Budgetary accountability Representation Etc.
Formal oversight Informal oversight Independence Etc.Slide6
Accountability
Who
guards
the guardians
?
Policing is a critical and sensitive function
Abuse of or
by the police severely impacts on democracy
Multiple accountability
Formal-informal mechanismsInternal-external To whom: the people, the media, the parliament, the government, the judiciary, the ombudsperson…Accountability is not controlAccountability is answerability, control is interferenceAccountability of operationally independent agenciesSlide7
Other integrity issues
Representation within the police
Gender, ethnicity, regional, religious, etc.
How to balance different types of
representation?
Identification – visualize accountability
Transparency
Public reports, press conferences, public access to police buildings, community liaison office…
Symbols
– change perceptionsInsignia, locations, names, memorials, apologies…Positive or negative reinforcementsSlide8
Democratic vs. regime policing
Protect government rather than citizens
Answer to regime, not to people
Control populations rather than protect communities
Secure interests of one dominant group
Stay outside the
community
Protect individuals and human rights
Accountable to the law, not a law unto itself
Accountable to democratic structures and the communityTransparent in its activities and adhere to good governanceRepresentative of the community it servesRegime
policingDemocratic policing