Why is Scientific Classification used in the identification of insects? - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Why is Scientific Classification used in the identification of insects?

Insects can be placed into groupings based upon their physical characteristics. Insects with similar characteristics, number of wings, mouthparts, etc. are placed in a group with other insects that possess the same characteristics.

Identification of insect orders aids in prevention and management plans.

Scientific Classification

Kingdom

Phylum

ClassOrder FamilyGenusSpecies

Insects belong in the Phylum

Arthropoda

. The Phylum

Arthropoda

is characterized by having segmented bodies and jointed appendages.

Example of Classification of Insects:

Lady

Beetle -

Hippodamia convergens Kingdom – Animalia

Phylum - Arthropoda

Class - Insecta

Order - ColeopteraFamily - CoccinellidaeGenus - Hippodamia. Species - convergens

5 Classes of Arthropods

Class #1-

Hexapoda: Insects, six, jointed appendagesClass #2- Chilopoda- Centipedes, one pair of legs per body segment, multiple body segmentsClass #3- Diplapoda- Millipedes, two pairs of legs per body segment, multiple body segmentsClass #4- Crustacea- Crayfish, five pairs of jointed appendagesClass #5-

Arachnida

- Spiders, four pairs of jointed appendages

The sixteen orders are:

OrthopteraHemipteraHomoptera

Coleoptera

Lepidoptera

DipteraHymenopteraOdonata

Neuroptera

Thysanura

Isoptera

Siphonaptera

Phthiraptera

Thysanoptera

Dermaptera

Blattodea

Orthoptera

Includes:

Indian House Crickets

Field Cricket

Short-horned Grasshoppers Katydid (Long-horned Grasshoppers)Mouthparts:

Chewing

Metamorphosis

:

Incomplete Metamorphosis

Damage:

Chewing leaves, Crop grains,

Fun Facts

: Many produce sound through stridulating. Over 20,000 species worldwide.

Hemiptera – True Bugs

Includes:

Assassin bugs

Kissing bugs

Leaf-footed bug

Lygus

bug

Stink bug

Minute pirate bug

Big-eyed bug

Damsel bug

Mouthparts:

Piercing-Sucking

Metamorphosis

:

Incomplete MetamorphosisFun Facts: All of the true “bugs” are in this order.

Most have a common v shape on their shield.

Homoptera

Includes:

Cicadas Aphids Armored scales Cottony cushion scale Cochineal scale Leafhoppers Treehoppers

Whiteflies

Mouthparts:

SuckingMetamorphosis: Generally incomplete Fun Facts: Cochineal scales are used in makeup products for the red color.

Coleoptera

Includes:

Beetles and Weevils

Blister beetle Boll weevil Collops beetle Darkling beetle (Pinacate or Eleodes beetle) Dermestid beetle Dung beetle

Fig beetle

Flea beetle

Lady beetle (Ladybird beetle/ Ladybug) Long-horned beetle (round-headed wood borer) Palo Verde root borer Metallic wood borer (flat-headed borer) White grub (Scarab beetle larva)

10 Striped June beetle

Mouthparts:

Chewing, Weevil- Piercing Sucking

Metamorphosis

:

Complete

Metamophosis

Fun Facts:

Coleoptera means sheath wing.

Lepidoptera

Includes:

Butterflies and Moths

Bagworm

Two-tailed Swallowtail

Budworm/BollwormPink BollwormGrape-leaf SkeletonizerSalt Marsh Caterpillar

Tomato Hornworm

Sphinx Moth

Monarch

Checkered skipper

Mouthparts:

Chewing – Caterpillars, Siphoning – adult.

Metamorphosis

:

Complete MetamorphosisFun Facts: The largest butterfly is the Birdwings that have 11in wingspans.

Diptera

Includes:

Flies, Midges, Mosquito

House fly Crane fly Syrphid or hover fly Bee fly Tachinid fly Bot fly Deer fly Mosquito

Gall Midge

Mouthparts: Sponging, Piercing sucking- MosquitoMetamorphosis: Complete Metamorphosis

Facts:

Are common vectors of disease.

Hymenoptera

Includes:

Bees, Wasps, Ants

Horntail wasp Sawfly Gall wasps Honey bee Leaf-cutter bee Carpenter bee Bumble bee Harvester ant Leaf-cutter ant

Fire ant

Velvet Ant (

mutillid) Paper wasp Ichneumon wasp Thread-waisted wasp

Tarantula hawk (spider wasp)

Mouthparts:

Chewing-Lapping

Metamorphosis

:

Complete

Metamorphosis

Facts: Contain all the social

insects except termites.

Odonata

Includes:

Dragonfly,

Damselfly Mouthparts: Chewing-Lapping Metamorphosis: Complete MetamorphosisFacts:

Live in the water the first year of their lives.

After leaving the water they only live a month.

Have been around 300 million years.

Neuroptera

Includes:

Green Lacewing

Antlion

Mouthparts:

Metamorphosis

:

Complete Metamorphosis

Facts:

Both are beneficial insects.

Antlions

create

a sand pit to capture unsuspecting prey.

Thysanura

Includes:

Silverfish Firebrat

Mouthparts:

Chewing Metamorphosis: Incomplete MetamorphosisFacts:

Like to lay their eggs in books and wall paper because of the paper and glue.

Live 3-5 years

Most primitive of all insects.

Isoptera

Includes:

Dry-wood termite

Subterranean termite

Mouthparts:

Chewing Mouthparts

Metamorphosis

:

Incomplete Metamorphosis

Facts:

Live for 15 years.

Lay 1 egg every 15 secondsEat wood. Can destroy a house in 2-3 years. Found in every US state except Alaska. Recycle wood in the soil.

Siphonaptera

Includes:

Cat and dog flea Mouthparts: Piercing SuckingMetamorphosis: Complete MetamorphosisFacts:

Fleas can live 100 days without feeding.

Can jump 100 times their own length. Been around more than 100 million years. Females can consume more than 15 times their body weight daily.

Phthiraptera

Formally

Anoplura and MallophagaIncludes: Lice

Chewing Louse

Sucking Louse

Mouthparts: Chewing and Piercing-SuckingMetamorphosis:

Complete Metamorphosis

Facts:

Sucking lice feed continuously on lice

Chewing lice feed on hair and feathers of animals and humans.

Wingless. Do not fly or jump

Blattodea

Includes:

Cockroaches

American CockroachBrown-banded cockroachDesert CockroachTurkish CockroachGerman Cockroach

Mouthparts:

Chewing Mouthparts Metamorphosis: Complete Metamorphosis

Facts:

Typically Live outside

Walk inside. DO NOT live in the water pipes.

Dermaptera

Includes:

Earwigs

Earwig Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts Metamorphosis: Complete MetamorphosisFacts:

Like humid, dark areas.

Release a foul smelling liquid up to 4in away.

Oldest known fossil dates back to Jurassic period.

Thysanoptera

Includes:

ThripThrip Mouthparts: Rasping-Sucking Mouthparts Metamorphosis: Complete MetamorphosisFacts:

Common Pests on flowers, citrus and onions.

Multiples of this pest are still called Thrip.