What is cholesterol 34 What is the difference between LDL and HDL What are triglycerides What do your cholesterol screening numbers mean What causes high cholesterol How can you manage your cholesterol ID: 914084
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Slide1
CHOLESTEROL
Slide2TABLE OF CONTENTS
What is cholesterol?
3-4
What is the difference between LDL and HDL?
What
are triglycerides?
What
do your cholesterol screening numbers mean?
What
causes high
cholesterol?
How can you manage your cholesterol?
What
health problems can high cholesterol cause?
What are statins? How do they work?
What are the risks of taking statins?
5
6
7
8-12
13
14
15
16
Informational videos
17-18
Slide3WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all the cells in your body. Your body needs some cholesterol to make hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help you digest foods. Your body makes all the cholesterol it needs. Cholesterol is also found in foods from animal sources, such as egg yolks, meat, and cheese.
Slide4WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
If you have too much cholesterol in your blood, it can combine with other substances in the blood to form plaque. Plaque sticks to the walls of your arteries. This buildup of plaque is known as atherosclerosis. It can lead to coronary artery disease, where your coronary arteries become narrow or even blocked.
Slide5WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LDL AND HDL?
HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein. It is sometimes called "good" cholesterol because it carries cholesterol from other parts of your body back to your liver. Your liver then removes the cholesterol from your body.
LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. It is sometimes called "bad" cholesterol because a high LDL level leads to the buildup of plaque in your arteries.
Slide6What are Triglycerides?
Triglycerides are a type of fat that is packaged with cholesterol when the lipoproteins form in the liver cells. Triglycerides are stored in fat all over the body and can be an energy source, like carbohydrates. A triglyceride score higher than normal may mean you have a higher chance of developing coronary artery disease.
HDL + LDL + 20% Triglycerides =
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL SCORE
Slide7WHAT DO YOUR CHOLESTEROL SCREENING NUMBERS MEAN?
Slide8WHAT CAUSES HIGH
CHOLESTEROL?
The most common cause of high blood cholesterol is an unhealthy lifestyle. However, the
genes that you inherit from your parents, other medical conditions, and some medicines may also cause high blood cholesterol.
Slide9Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits
Unhealthy eating patterns, lack of physical activity, and smoking can cause high blood cholesterol.
Unhealthy eating patterns,
such as consuming high amounts of saturated fats or trans fat, can increase bad LDL cholesterol.Lack of physical activity, such as spending a lot of time during the day sitting and watching TV or using the computer, is linked with lower levels of good HDL cholesterol.
Smoking lowers HDL cholesterol, particularly in women, and increases LDL cholesterol.
Slide10Genes
Some people may develop high blood cholesterol because of
mutations,
or changes, in their genes. These mutations make it harder for the body to clear LDL cholesterol from the blood or break it down in the liver.
Slide11Other Medical Conditions
The following medical conditions may cause high blood cholesterol:
Chronic kidney disease
DiabetesHIV HypothyroidismOverweight and obesityPolycystic ovary syndromeInflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, lichen planus, pemphigus, histiocytosis
, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis
Slide12Medicines
Some medicines that you take for other medical conditions can increase your cholesterol. Examples of these medicines include the following:
Diuretics
such as thiazide that are used for high blood pressureImmunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine that are used to treat inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis or to prevent rejection after a transplantSteroids such as prednisone that are used to treat inflammatory diseases such as lupus and psoriasis
Retinoids such as retinol that are used to treat acneAntiretroviral medicines used to treat HIVAntiarrhythmic medicines such as amiodarone that are used in treatment for irregular rhythm of the heart
Slide13WHAT HEALTH PROBLEMS CAN HIGH CHOLESTEROL CAUSE?
If you have large deposits of plaque in your arteries, an area of plaque can
break open.
This can cause a blood clot to form on the surface of the plaque. If the clot becomes large enough, it can mostly or completely block blood flow in a coronary artery.If the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your heart muscle is reduced or blocked, it can cause angina (chest pain) or a heart attack.Plaque also can build up in other arteries in your body, including the arteries that bring oxygen-rich blood to your brain and limbs. This can lead to problems such as carotid artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.
Slide14HOW CAN YOU MANAGE YOUR CHOLESTEROL?
You can lower your cholesterol through heart-healthy lifestyle changes. They include a heart-healthy eating plan, weight management, and regular physical activity.
If the lifestyle changes alone do not lower your cholesterol enough, you may also need to take medicines. There are several types of cholesterol-lowering drugs available, including statins. If you take medicines to lower your cholesterol, you still should continue with the lifestyle changes.
Slide15WHAT ARE STATINS? HOW DO THEY WORK?
Statins are a class of medicines used to lower cholesterol in the blood. Most of the cholesterol in your blood is made by the liver. Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver and by helping the liver remove cholesterol that is already in the blood.
Slide16What are the RISKS OF TAKING STATINS?
Statins are typically very well tolerated. Two risks that patients may be aware of are muscle-related complaints and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. “Muscle complaints are quite common even among people not taking statins, so it is important to have your healthcare provider evaluate any symptoms before stopping your medication,” Smith explains. “It is rare for statins to cause serious muscle problems.”
Similarly, the risk of developing diabetes as a result of a statin is small. “The benefits of statins in reducing heart attacks and strokes should generally outweigh this small increased risk,” Smith says
.Grapefruit juice and fresh grapefruit can affect the way some medicines work. That’s true with certain statins, too—but only some of them. In addition, other medications can also interact with statins.
Slide17WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
Slide18HOW TO MANAGE HIGH CHOLESTEROL
SIGNS OF HIGH CHOLESTEROL