Do Now Write the molecular formula for the two sugars on the right Are they isomers General formula R C H or RCHO Carbonyl group just like ketone except always at end of aldehyde ID: 780717
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Slide1
Topic: Functional Group #5-Aldehydes
Do Now: Write the molecular formula for the two sugars on the right. Are they isomers?
Slide2General formula: R
C
H or RCHOCarbonyl group just like ketone except always at end of aldehyde Attached to Carbon chain on one side and a H on the other
O
Slide3Properties = same as ketones
C=O
R
H
C=O
R
H
+
-
-
+
Aldehydes are polar!
Dissolve in water
Dipole-Dipole interactions
Boiling point:
higher than alkanes (same # C
’
s)
lower than alcohols (same # C
’
s)
H H
O
+
-
Slide4Acetaldehyde (ethanal) = important aldehyde
Occurs naturally in
Coffee
BreadRipe fruitProduced by plantsProduced by the partial oxidation of ethanol in the liver and may be a contributing factor to hangovers from alcohol consumptionIt’s an air pollutant resulting from combustion (car exhaust and cigarette smoke)
Slide5Flavoring agents
Slide6Naming
Find name of alkane with same # of C
’
schange the -e to -alNever need #’s for aldehydes b/c functional group always on end C
Slide7H
C
H
O
Methanal
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
Ethanal
common name = acetaldehyde
common name = formaldehyde
Slide8CH
3
CH
2CH2CHO
CHO ending indicates
aldehyde
4 Carbons so base name is butane
Drop -e and add al
butanal
Slide9