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1 ContentslistsavailableatEnergyResearch&S
ContentslistsavailableatEnergyResearch&SocialSciencejournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/erss Towardsimpactfulenergyjusticeresearch:TransformingthepowerofacademicengagementKirstenE.H.Jenkins,JennieCStephens,TonyG.Reames,DianaHernández Correspondingauthor.E-mailaddress:(K.E.H.Jenkins). alsoreectsdecadesofworkbeyondtheivorytowerandformanyonthefrontlines,aspirationsofpositiveimpactandchange;contributionsthatweexpanduponbelow.Cautiousoftheprecariouslinebetweenthisgrowthofenergyjus-ticeworkanduncriticalcommitments,thisperspectivearticleservesasacriticalcommentproposingfourprioritiesforenergyjusticescho-larshipandpracticeinitsnextwaveofdevelopment:(1)theneedforclarity,connectivity,andalignmentintheorientationofacademicterminology,(2)leveragingimpactandachievingoutcomesinpart-nershipbetweenacademicandnon-academiccommunitiesandacti-vists,(3)theneedtoacknowledgeanddeneaudiencesforenergyjusticecontributionsand(4)theneedforenergyjusticescholarsandpractitionerstopracticewhatwepreach.Ourperspectiveengageswitheachchallengeinturn.2.Whatisinaname?ClarifyingterminologicalorientationGiventhediversityofacademicbackgroundsofenergyjusticescholars,thereisariskofmiscommunicationamongresearcherswhousedierentlanguagetodescribesimilarphenomena.Byclarifying,connectingandaligningthedescriptiveandconceptualwordsused,thereispotentialtoexpandthecollectiveimpactandenhancecon-nectivityamongthediverseenergyjusticecommunity.Todemonstratethechallengesofterminology,letusstartwithanoverviewofthecurrentcomplexityofacademiclanguageinthiseldtodate.PartiallyledbytherapiddevelopmentoftheenergyandsocialscienceagendathroughjournalssuchasEnergyResearch&Social,therehasbeenaboominscholarshipreectingideasofnor-mativityandmoralityinenergysystems.Astherstofaseriesofex-amples,Jenkinsetal.al.introduceenergyjusticeasaframeworkthatevaluates(a)whereinjusticesemerge,(b)whichaectedsectionsofsocietyareignored,and(c)whichprocessesexistfortheirremediationinorderto(i)revealand(ii)reducesuchinjustices.Thisframeworkrepresentsanapproachfocusingonthreetenets:distributionaljustice,justiceasrecognitionandproceduraljustice.ForSidortsovetal.al.,thisliteraturecanbedividedbetweentwostrandsofenergyjusticethought:(1)approachesthatconsiderenergysystemsusingexistingunderstandingsofformsofjusticeand(2)proaches,whichcentreonenergyserviceprovisionastheprimaryjusticeconsideration.Emphasisingadierentfocus,SzuleckiSzuleckipo-sitionsenergydemocracyaseitherthenormativegoalofdecarbonisationandenergytransformationoradescriptivetermforpre-existingex-amplesofdecentralizedand(typically)bottom-upcivicenergyin-itiatives.BurkeandStephensStephensidentifytheabilityofenergyde-toconnectconcentratedversusdistributedwealthandpowerwithconcentratedversusdistributedenergyprovisioning.Inthisway,energydemocracybecomesaprocessthatgoesbeyondpublicinvolve-mentinenergyproductiontoafocusonthepoliticalimplicationsofcollectiveenergydecisions.BouzarovskiandSimcockSimcockconsiderfuelpoverty,energyvulnerabilityandspatialinequality,whereissuesofbecomelinkedtodomesticenergydeprivation.YetforCarleyetal.[622],energyvulnerabilityisdenedasafunctionofwhereUSpoliciesgointoeect(exposure);thesusceptibilityofdierentcom-munitiestotheimpactsofthesepolicies(sensitivity);andthecapabilityofcommunitiestoattenuate,copeormitigatethenegativee(adaptivecapacity).Continuingthecomplexityandourselectexamples,energyprecarityistakentosignifyuncertainties,risksandvulnerabilitiesassociatedwithhousehold'sabilitytosecuresocially-andmaterially-necessitatedlevelsofenergyservicesservicesandechoingsimilarconcerns,HernándezHernández18:2]positionsenergyinsecurityasamultidimensionalconceptcom-posedofeconomic,physicalandbehaviouralfactorsthatinteracttoaninabilitytoadequatelymeetbasichouseholdenergyinbothacuteandchronicformsforms.Lastbutbynomeansexhaustivelyamongstrelevantterminology,SmithandHigh's[:7]workconsidersenergyequityacallforustobecognisantofthemoralaspectsofsociallifeasitpertainstomattersofenergyOfcourse,thisbriefreviewcouldbemoreexpansive.Groupedbyacommonconcernforenergysystems-orservice-basedapplications,thesecontributionssitalongside(often)complementaryliteraturesre-latedtothejusttransition,environmentaljusticeandclimatejustice,amongstothers.Theyareequallyembeddedwithnotionsofjustice,equityandrights(howeverdened)andinmanycases,alsondtheirapplicationsinenergysettings.Thejusttransitionsliteratureinparti-cularhasemergedasapowerfuldialoguelinked,inpart,toUnitedNationsFrameworkonClimateChange(UNFCC)processes,forex-ample.Here,issuesofnormativityandmoralityareraisedbytherapidtransitiontorenewableenergiesthatinmanyinstancescandestabiliselabour-basedcommunitiesthataredependentuponandsociallyde-nedbyfossilfuelproduction[Therearealsogeographicaldierencesandcontradictionsintheuseofenergyjusticeterminology.Someofthetermsreectglobalnorthandglobalsouthdivides,andthusemergebothfromdi(lawandthehealthsciences,forinstance)fromdierentnationalcontexts.Thefocusofthetermsalsovaries.Whilstafewfocusonpovertyandsomereectissueswithaccesstoenergyservices,othersconsiderparticipationinthedecision-makingprocessesastheypertaintoenergymatters.Thus,ineect,thesetermsoerdierentlensestodescribeacomplex,multi-facetedproblem.Thispartiallyexplainstheproliferationoftermsandhowlittletheycorrespondtooneanother,evenifthereisconsiderableoverlap.ClearlythesetermsarenotjustembeddedinthescholarlyliteratureTheyreectalonghistoryofontheground,grassrootsprac-ticeandpolicyproposalsthatcentreonenergyandtheenvironmentinachangingclimatemarkedbygrowingsocialinequalities.Asjustasmallsetofexamples,theNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColouredPeople(NAACP)intheUnitedStatesconsidersenvir

2 onmentalandclimatejusticeasoneofthecorea
onmentalandclimatejusticeasoneofthecoreareasoftheirorganization'sconcern.Tothatend,theNAACPhasdevelopedaseriesofJustEnergyPoliciesandPracticesfollowingtheirbeliefthateveryonehastherighttosafeandaordableenergyenergy.Similarly,theEnergyJusticeNet-work,createdin1999,existsasalong-standingorganisationintheUnitedStateswithanumberofrelevantgoals.Thisincludesaimsenablecommunityactiviststodefeatpollutingindustriestheenergyandwasteindustries,eliminatingsupportforfalsesolutionsandsupportingcleanenergyandzerowastepolicies,methodsandand.Moreover,America'sGreenNewDealisframedasameansofmobilisingashifttoasustainableenvironmentandeconomythatisenvironmentallyjustanddistributesbenetsequitably.Inthisregard,evenincaseswhereorganisationsorpolicydonotself-identifyundertheenergyjusticetermperse,theirpracticesandintentcer-tainlysymboliseitsethicand,inmanycases,itspracticalapproach.Althoughbriefandbynomeanscomprehensive,thisdiscussionservestoillustratetwocoreideas.First,giventherearemanycom-plementarybutterminologicallydistinctwaysofdiscussingtheissuesthatariseattheinterfaceoftechnicalenergysystemsandhumanli-velihoods,theimpactoftheworkinthesedomainscouldbeenhancediftherewasmoreintentionalityabouthowandwhendierenttermsareusedandhowtheyrelate.Toaidthisclarity,itseemsparamounttoconsidertheorientationofthese.Herewedistinguishbetween(potentiallymeasurable)fuelpoverty,energypoverty,energyinsecurity,forinstanceaspirationaltermssuchasenergyjustice,energydemocracyandjusttransitionsthatestablishnormativeagendas(althoughnotalwaysconsistentlyacrossvaryingcontexts).Insomeinstances,thiscallforclarityalsonecessitatesrea-lignmentwithphilosophicalconcepts.Asjustoneexample,theen-vironmentaljusticeliteraturelargelydrawsonideasof(withsomenotableexceptionsincludingSchlosbergSchlosbergandWalker[26]),whereasenergyjusticetendstousethelanguageofdistributionaljusticeandyet,thedistinctionbetweenthemisrarelydiscussed.Saidanotherway,claritystemsfromtheintentionalityoftermsandtheirrelations,theorientationoflabelstheirprecision.K.E.H.Jenkins,etal. Second,agreaterconsciousnessoftherisksandpitfallsofdilutingthelinksbetweenconceptsorofnotmakingconnectionsbetweenthemmustberecognized.Inthisregard,connectionsandcommunicationbecomethegoalsaswellasinterdisciplinarylanguagebeyondsilos.Tobeclear,theparallelandinterdisciplinaryexistenceofthediversityoftermsisnotproblematicperse,butthefailuretoconnectthemis.Thefailingshighlightedbydiscussionsofaspirationaltermsareseldominformedbythelessonsfromtheproblem-focusedones,andthepro-blem-focusedapproachisoftennotfollowedtoitslogical,system-atically-radicalconclusion.Thus,wesuggestafarstrongerconnectionbetweenbothareasofscholarship.Moreover,weacknowledgetoothatthesolutionsproposedinenergyjusticeresearchoftenoverlookdec-adesofdedicatedworkonthepartoforganizationsthathavebeenworkingtowardraisingawarenessaboutsuchissuesandproposingsolutionsfromtheirvantagepointandoftentimesusinglesstechnicalterminology.Inshort,thesedividesbothbetweenproblemsandso-lutionsandbetweenhowsolutionsarederivedthreatenthedirection,responsivenessandviabilityofenergyjusticeambitions.Thisalsoleadsustooursecondobservation,thatalongsideclarityintheconnectivityandorientationofterminology,thereislargepotentialforgreaterim-pactthroughtransdisciplinaryresearchthatinvolvesacademicsco-producingknowledgewithpractitionersandactivists.3.Leveragingnon-academicoutcomesOnepotentialgoalofsocialscienceresearchistoelevatemargin-alizedvoicesandreveal/exposehiddenorwickedphenomena,suchasthelabourrightsissuesassociatedwithtransitionsawayfromfossilfuels[].Giventhefocusinenergyjusticeresearchoninequitiesanddisparities,thepotentialforinuencingnon-academic,outcomesinsuchcontextsisthereforesignicant.Withthisinmind,thissectiondevelopsthestancethatachievingtheseoutcomesof(1)elevatingmarginalizedvoicesand(2)revealing/exposingrelevantphenomenamustalsodependon(3)leveragingnon-academicout-comes.Todevelopthispoint,weconsiderwhatmaymeaninthiscontext,howenergyjusticegoalsandvisionsarebeingdewithintheliteratureandlatterly,howwe,asacommunityofscholarsandpractitioners,canworkwithheterogenousdenitionsbothwithinandbeyondacademiatoharnessimpact.Atthisstage,wemustacknowledgeemergingstancesonthewordandcritiquesthattheenergyjusticeliteraturehasyettocontendwiththetruenatureofit[].Toclarify,indiscussingenergyjusticescholarshipandpractice,wedonotpointtowardsasingle,universalistoutcome;anoutcomethatKant,MillsorRawlsmightrepresentasanabstractmetaphysicalimperative,forin-stance.Instead,ispositionedasanoutcomeofsocialcon-struction,wherecommunitiesdevelopcommitmentstoactinacertainwayandacceptorrejectparticularprocessesandoutcomes.Saidan-otherway,ourenergyjusticedoesnotpresentdeterministicapproachesoutcomes,butallowsforapluralityofdenitionsthatem-phasisethecontextualisedvoicesofaectedpopulationsincludingcriesforjusticegrassrootssocialmovements.Althoughoftenonlytacitly,thispluralismisalreadycapturedinenergyjusticescho-Althoughhardtoevidenceinanyquantitativesense,anyauthorheavilyinvolvedintheenergyjusticeliteraturemaystarttoobservetrendsinandperhapsevencompetingagendasaroundtheofenergyjustice.Usingthescalarapproachagain,ifonewastowhoisenergyjusticefor?atdomestic,regionaloreveninter-nationallevels,dierentstakeholdersofconcernwouldemerge.emerge.drawsattentiontotheneedofparticularracial/ethnicandsocioeconomicgroupsinurbansettingsofKansasCity,Missouri.BediBedifocusesonspeciccommunitiesaroundtheRampalcoal-energyprojectintheSundarbansregionofBangladesh,andBakerBakerontheindigenouscommunitiesofOaxaca,Mexico,forinstance.Equally,ifweask,whoisresponsibleforenergyjustice?acrossthesamescales,asimilarconundrumarises.Issu

3 esoftemporalityarealsoapparentasweconsid
esoftemporalityarealsoapparentasweconsiderwhetherweshouldfocusonrestorativejusti-whichinthecontextofenergytransitionsaimstorepairtheharmthathasbeendonetoanindividual,ratherthansimplyfocusinguponpunishingtheoo21:5],intergenerationaljusticeforfuturefutureorevenlongitudinalstudiesoflong-termtransitionsimpacts.Thisinitselfisnotproblematiceither,ofcourse,aseachgroupindeeddeservestheirownenergyjusticeoutcome.Moreover,adi-versityofapproaches,goalsandagendascanbemoreproductivethantryingtocreatealignment,especiallyconsideringthateachgroupislikelytobedenedbydierentdemographicandsocialcharacteristicssuchasrace,gender,age,wealth,andtheirdegreeofsocialandma-terialvulnerability,amongstotherfactors.Itdoes,however,giveoneclearindication:thatenergyjusticescholarshipcommonlyconcernedwiththeelevationofmarginalizedvoices.Withthiscommonalitythencomesalogical,next-stepquestion;how,ifatall,doesthisconcernforadiversesetofactorstranslateintogoalsandvisionsforenergyjustice?Mostenergyjusticeresearchpapersdonotclearlydenewhichvisionofenergyjusticetheyareassuming.Theyeitherrepeattheconcept'soverarchingframeworkortheydonotexplicitlydeneit.Takethefollowingdenitionsasevidence.Inwhatisoftenconsideredaseminalenergyjusticearticle,McCauleyetal.[:107]statethaten-ergyjusticeaimstoprovideallindividuals,acrossallareas,withsafe,ordableandsustainableenergy.Islaretal.[:671],ontheotherhand,deneitasuniversalhumanrightsandensuringthateverypersonhasarighttothelevelofenergyrequiredtoattainaminimumofwell-being.Monyeietal.al.foregroundabasedontheconceptsofegalitarianism,libertarianism,utili-tarianismandsucientarianism,witheachtermrelatingtoacorenormativeprinciple.Egalitarianismreectsthenotionthatthereshouldbeequalityamonglivingentities,whereaslibertarianismemphasisesfreedom,liberty,voluntaryassociationandrespectofpropertyrights,forinstance.Finally,butagainnotexhaustively,Sovacooletal.al.refertoeightcoreprinciplesofavailability,aordability,dueprocess,transparencyandaccountability,sustainability,intra-generationalequity,intergenerationalequity,responsibility,resistanceandinter-Ofcourse,ouraspirationsforenergyjusticedonotjustcomedowntoadeningsentenceonapageeither.Thepictureismoremuchcomplex.Morebroadly,ourenergyjusticeapproachesaredenedbyasetofaspirationsthatarebothimplicitlyexplicitlystated.Echoingcorequestionsinthetransitionsliteratures,thisincludeswhetherwearelookingattransitionalversustransformative(energyjustice)change;technologicalinnovation,socialinnovation,orboth;andin-crementalchangeorsystematicdisruptiondisruption.Theyalsodetermineafocusoneitherdomesticsettingsorthewholeenergysystem;urbanversusruralcontexts,andglobalnorth,globalsouthemphasisesoracombinationthereof.Wemayalsoaspiretorevealandtracktheenergyjusticesacrossenergysystems,asintroducedbyHealyetal.al.inordertobreakdownboundariesofconceptualizingenergyjustice.Additionally,lookingtowardsevolvingclimatefutures,energyjusticegoalsarediverse.Somescholarsareprimarilyconcernedwithincreasingenergyaccess(totheextentdeterminedbyarights-basedapproachtoenergyjustice,perhaps[]whileothersmaydetheirgoalsasalsoreducingtheenergyconsumptionofsomegroupsasatandemclimateimperative.Thisechocallstoconsidernotonlywhomenergyjusticeisfor,butalsowhoisresponsibleforitit.Further,itspeakstopowerdynamicsandpotentialcallsfortheirredistribution.Again,theseexamplesdonotcoverallpossibleavenues,goalsorquestions.Wehavegivennoexplicitvoicetothegoalsandaspirationsofnon-academicgroupsinthissection,forinstance.Nonetheless,itdoesraiseapressingquestion;howcanwebestleverageimpactsandoutcomesamidstadiversityofterms,visionsandpotentialagendas?Thisquestionremainslargelyunansweredandsoasarststep,weproposethatinordertomakeprogressamongstthesecontestedvisions,representedbyvariousmarginalizedvoicesandtherelevantK.E.H.Jenkins,etal. phenomenathatenergyjusticeworkrevealsorexposes,wemustmoreexplicitlyengagewiththechallengeofleveragingimpactandenergyjusticeoutcomes.Hereweforegroundthevalueofpartnershipbetweenacademic,non-academiccommunitiesandactivistsworkingcolla-borativelyandinclusively.Withpartnership,co-creationandcolla-boration,impactandpositivechangecanbecometheunifyingelementratherthanattemptstodevelopalignmentwithasinglehomogenousnitionorenergyjusticegoal.Inbothacademicscholarshipandpractice,thisapproachnecessi-tatesarangeofcreativemethodologiesthatchallengeandworkacrosstemporalandgeographicboundaries.Asscholars,wemustengagewiththevoicesofthepasttocaptureunfullledpromisesandfailuresindueprocess.Energyjusticescholarscanalsocapturetheperspectivesofdiversesocietalgroupswhoareimaginingbetteroutcomesforthem-selvesinthepresent.Mostabstractly,andasaparticularlyexcitingandnovelagenda,energyjusticescholarscancollaborativelydeterminefutureenergyjusticelandscapesthataretechnologically,sociallyandradical;outcomesthatnotonlyreecttheclimateim-perativesthatdriveenergypolicyatpresent(inmanycountries,atleast)butthatembedenergyjusticethinkingintofuturesocio-technicalenergylandscapes.Suchacalltoarmsmayalsogivenodtothechan-gingroleofamorecriticalacademiathatpushestowardstheperfor-mativityofscholarshipandaboveall,learnsfromandcontributestopracticalworkbeingundertakenbeyonditswalls.Asanindicativeexample,energyjusticegroupsmightconsiderhowtolegallyre-structureutilitiesandnancemodelstopromoteequity,forinstance.Wereturntothispotentiallater.4.Communicationbeyondrhetoric,towhom?Anothersuggestionforenhancingimpactistoarticulateamoreintentional,collectiveconsiderationofhowtoestablishtherightau-dienceforacademiccontributionstoenergyjusticescholarshipandmovefromtheorytopractice,knowledgetoaction.Inessence,thisinvolvesengagingmoredirectlywithhowtomovewhatisconnedto

4 academiabeyondthewrittenpage,aprocesssom
academiabeyondthewrittenpage,aprocesssometimesreferredtoastranslationalresearch.Numerousscholarlyarticlesclaimtopresentwaystooperationaliseenergyjustice.Heronetal.al.introduceanenergyjusticemetricwithanaimtoquantifyenergyjusticebyanalysingtheenergyjusticeperformanceofdierentcountries,utilisingdatafrominternationalinstitutionsandnationalgovernmentsaspartoftheanalysis.Theysi-tuatetheiraudienceforthisamongstwhatcouldbelabelled;economistsandpolicy-makersatlarge.Alternatively,Sovacooletal.al.presentanenergyjusticechecklist,whichSidortsovandSovacool[:306]lateradvancewithanArcticspecicfocusforvariousdecision-makers.Asathirdexample,Alvial-PalavicinoandUreta[:647]introducetheideaofeconomizingenergyjusticeasmechanismforenactingcomprehensiveregulationstowardshigherle-velsofenergyjustice.Inthisapproach,energyjusticepractitionerswould(1)actsastranslatorbetweeneconomicevaluationsandactorscarryingotherformsofvalue,(2)contributetotheirsteeringandre-directionbymakingtheconnectionandtrade-osbetweendiframingsexplicit,and,ifneeded,(3)beabletorecognizeandactbyraisingthealarmiftheattemptedpolicyinterventiondoesnotcon-tributiontohigherlevelsofjusticeintheenergysector.Eachofthesethreeperspectivesprivilegestheideathatenergyjusticeapproachesenablepervasivechangeifembeddedalongsideorwithinpre-existingpoliticalandeconomicsystemstheso-calledofeverydayofcourse,tosaythatenergyjusticemuststartinacademiaandculminatewithpolicyoreconomicoutcomesrepresentsaone-waytrendinthinkingthat,toborrowfromascienceandtechnologystudieslens,neglectstheco-constructionofsocio-technicalsystems.Saidplainly,thecommunicationchallengeofenergyjusticeisalsoonethatmustconsiderwhoseenergyjusticestoryitisandwhoisgivenvoicetocommunicatethatstory.Inthisregard,theremustbeatandeminterestinlearningfrom,privilegingandproactivelyengagingwithandtrans-latingtheconcernsofaectedcommunitiesandaninclusivesetofstakeholders.Thisis,ineect,acallforsomeenergyjusticescholarstotakeontheprinciplesofparticipatoryjusticejusticeasre-thatweoftenabstractlyuse,andtodirectlylearnfromandcollaboratewiththoselivingwithenergyinjustices.Methodologicallythen,researchershavethepotentialtocreatespacestoelevatethesevoicesandensurethatthosereadilyimpactedbyenergyissuesarepartoftheconversationandengagedintheresearchprocess,potentiallyeventhroughco-production.Thisapproachfollow'sForman's[:649]critiquethatenergyjusticescholarshiphas,forthelargepart,paidlimitedattentiontothewaysinwhichpeopleandcommunitiesmightcontributetowardsanenergy-justfuturefromtheground-up.Itopotentialtoelevatetheoften-neglectedworkledbygrassrootsactorsthatwementionedabove.Essentially,wearearguingforadiversityofapproachesincludingmoredialecticandinclusiveprocessforenergyjusticescholarshipandpracticethatunitesthesetwofronts.Toclarify,wedonotmeantoimplythatallenergyjusticescholarsneedtochangetheirapproach,butrather,weareencouragingsomeresearcherstopursuedimethodologiesandprioritizedierentformsofimpact.Weacknowl-edgetoothatenergyjusticeworkcancontributebothtobottom-upandtop-downperspectivesandactions,andthereismuchtobelearnedfromboth.Itisalsocriticaltoacknowledgethatthistwo-waydialoguerearealchallengeforscholarsworkinginaconstrainedacademicjobmarketwithlimitedsourcesoffunding.Muchasweareencouragedasindividualstoestablishnovel,eld-leadingideasthatestablishournamesasexperts,wearealsopre-conditionedtopublishfrequentlyandtowritegrantswithcarefullycraftedimpactagendas,theconditionsofwhichareledbyfundingbodies.Thus,justasSovacooletal.al.challengeustotaketimeanddevelopnovelty,rigorandstyleinourmethods,wepositiontheeldofenergyjusticescholarshipasonethatbothworkingwithinandpushingtheboundariesoftheseeverydayconditions,shouldtaketimetodevelopwell-roundedcontributionsthatengagewithandspeaktobothbottom-upandtop-downperspectives.Wealsorequiregreaterreexivityonwhatthiscommunicationtakes.Isitsimplyincludingmoreempiricalaccountsofrealworldis-thediscoursesofelderlypopulationsfacingissuesarounden-gagementwithsmarttechnologiestociteBrownandMarkussonMarkusson,forinstance?Ormighttherebenewwaysofexpandingenergyjusticecommunication,includingtoolkits,aworkbook,creatingapipelineofdiversescholarsthatcontributetothisliteratureandalsorepresentectedpopulations,ornewmetricsorindicators?Therearemultipleoptionsdependingonthecontext,scale,andaudiencesandtheypre-sentabreadthofpossibilities.Theycould,forinstance,existsastoolsforcrisisresponseand/orlong-termschange.Additionally,inoper-ationalisingthem,academicsmayeitheractasthevoiceforarangeofenergyjusticeperspectives,theproposersoftangiblemethodsthatotheractorscanthenusetoresolveconcerns,oracombinationofboth.Beyondtheterminologyweuseandthecommonagendawearetowards,thisobservationrevealstheneedforrealcriticalityweseektocontributeandforwhom.Italsorequiresanunderstandingofenablingenvironmentsthepressurepointsinpolicywhichcanleadtochangeandthesocialmovementsthataregatheringpaceforsharedagendas.Withawarenessofthechangesandchallengestakingplaceoutsideofacademicwalls,aswellasdialoguearound(1)ningouraudienceand(2)determiningwhichmechanismswouldbehelpful,amoreambitiousenergyjusticenarrativecouldhaveagreatersocietalimpact. Whichinallopenness,theleadauthoracknowledgesshehaspreviouslyadvocatedfor.K.E.H.Jenkins,etal. 5.Practicingwhatwepreachnalareathatcouldenhanceimpactinvolvespracticingwhatwepreach.Thisrefertoindividualresponsibilityformakingpro-energyjusticechoices(e.g.bypurchasingfromparticularcompanies,investinginmicro-renewablesorconsciouslyreducingenergydemandaspotentialsocialgoods),butalsohowweengageonenergyjusticeissuesinourcommunities,organizationsandwithinourpoliticalspheres.Yetherewerefertoanothersetofparticularissues:ho

5 wtoreimaginetheco-productionofresearchth
wtoreimaginetheco-productionofresearchthathasagoalofsocietalisembeddedwithagoalofdirectsocietalengagementfromthebeginning.Thissecondaspectgoesbeyond(butdoesnotdismissthenecessityof)operationalizingorcommunicatingenergyjusticeout-comestowardsanambitioustrendinfundamentallydierentapproachtodoingresearch.Embeddingsocietalengagementintheprocessofresearchmaytakeanumberofformsandcanoccuratdierentstagesofresearch.Awidersetofstakeholdersmayengagewiththeofresearchbidsthemselves.Ideally,thiswouldbeenabledbytherestructuringoffundingsystemstobetterrecogniseandnanciallyremuneratethesecontributions.Alternatively,stakeholderengagementmaychallengemethodologies,drivingustowardsworkshopsorin-novativecasestudies,forinstance,wheretheoutcomesaren'tjustcialforacademicsandacademia,butforthenon-academicpar-ticipantstoo.Thus,suchacallforradicalresearchthatembedssocialengagementnecessitatesarangeofpracticesencapsulatedinthedrivetowardsinterdisciplinary,multi-method,comparative,andwhereap-propriate,contextuallysensitiveresearchthatseekstounderstanden-ergyjusticemanifestationsin-depth.Mostfundamentally,itwouldbepartofthemotivationtoencouragescholarstoengagemoredirectlywitharangeofstakeholdersincludingactivistsandcommunitiesordertoenablethisco-productionofknowledgeandimpact.AsperHoolohanetal.al.’swork,whichdirectlytacklesthischallengeinthecontextofthewater-energy-foodnexus,thismayproductivelyresultincollaborativelydeterminedscenariosforfutureactionorDecisionSupportToolsthatleadtopracticalactionratherthanjustpublications,reportsorsoontobeout-datedwebpages.Throughoutallprocesseswhateverformtheymayultimatelyitisalsoimperativethatwerecognizeourownprivilegeandresponsibilityasacademicresearchersandthatcritically,werealizewecouldbeinadvertentlyperpetuatingsystemsofoppressionandinjusticethroughoutourwork.Thisisespeciallythecasewhenscholarsaredataandknowledgefromcommunitiesandactivistswithoutactuallycollaboratingwiththem(acritiqueofacademicworkthatstretchesfarbeyondenergyjusticescholarship).Inthisinstance,wemustalsosimultaneouslydevelopmethodsforevaluationandre-exivitythatseesenergyjusticeresearchasacontinuumratherthananobjectofstudydenedby1,3or5-yearfundingterms.Weconcludethatbyattemptingtopracticewhatwepreach,wecanmovetowardsproactiveasopposedtoreactivechange,positioningenergyjusticeattheforefrontofandasaleaderofevolvingenergytransitions.Wehopethiscontributestoelevatingenergyjusticetobeawider-scalepublic6.ConclusionOurperspectiveaimstobothopenupopportunitiesformoreim-pactfulscholarshipandpracticeandtoserveasacalltoarms.Buildingonandintentionallyextendingthepointsabove,wenowconcludewithsixparticularlyprovocativesuggestionsonhowtoenhancetheimpactofenergyjusticeresearchandcontributetochange.Wesuggesttheseideasamidstachangingacademiclandscapethatwebelieveincreas-inglyemphasisestheperformativityofscholarship.1Abandonthepursuitofhomogenousdeofenergyjusticeapproaches,goalsandagendasinfavourofeectiveandadaptableconceptualframeworksthatfostertransformativethinking.Simultaneously,explorethetensionsandtrade-osbetweencom-petingperspectivesacrossscales,geographyorenergysystems.2Whenpresentingtermsandvisionsinacademicoutputs,proactivelygobeyondstatingthemtosuggestingtheymightrealisticallybetranslatedtopracticeandwhoisresponsibleforthis.3Considercallsfortheredistributionofenergyjusticeburdenstsandwhichsocialandpoliticalstructureswouldberequiredtomobilisethese,movingtowardstheadvocacyofsystematicallyradicalchange,practicalaction,andtransformativepolitics.4Challengefundingandpublicationtraditionstodevelopwell-roundedcontributionsthatprioritiseandadequatelyrecognisebottom-upandtop-downperspectivesaswellasaco-productivecombinationthereof.5Proactivelyengagewithandstrategicallyalignenergyjusticescholarshiptoenablingenvironments,includingevolvingpolicyprocessesandsocialmovements.Thisinvolvesresearchersbeingcreativeandinnovativeinhowtheyrelatetoandcollaboratewith6Recognizeandexplicitlydiscussthepotentialthatscholarship,andpractice,inthisareacouldinadvertentlyperpetuateinjustices.Thislevelofreexivescholarshipthatfostershumilityiscriticallyim-Giventherapidpaceofbothenergysysteminnovationandclimatechange,increasedattentiontoissuesofenergyjusticeisdesperatelyneeded.Weconcludewiththeideathatwhencoupledwithchangesinexpectationsandinterdisciplinarityinacademia,thepotentialtoex-pandtheeldofenergyjusticeislarge,promisingandexciting.Evenso,theacademiccommunityneedstoconsidercarefullyitsroleanditspotentialforimpactinadvancingenergyjusticeandcollaboratemoredirectlywithcommunitiesofpractice.ictofInterestTherearenoconictsofinteresttodeclare.declare.B.K.Sovacool,M.M.Lipson,R.Chard,Temporality,vulnerability,andenergyjus-ticeinhouseholdlowcarboninnovations,EnergyPolicy128(2019)495495G.Siciliano,F.Urban,M.Tan-Mullins,G.Mohan,Largedams,energyjusticeandthedivergencebetweeninternational,nationalandlocaldevelopmentalneedsandprioritiesintheglobalSouth,EnergyRes.Soc.Sci.41(2018)199199T.Partridge,M.Thomas,N.Pidgeon,B.H.Harthorn,Urgencyinenergyjustice:contestationandtimeinprospectiveshaleex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