Natural Resources of North America How many of you are NEW to Sr Univ or NEW to our Geology Class WELCOME INTRODUCTION Im Rocky Romero And Im one of 3 that will teaching this series ID: 783142
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Slide1
Our World,
Our Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide2How many of you are
NEW to Sr
Univ
orNEW to our Geology Class?WELCOME!
INTRODUCTION
Slide3I’m
Rocky RomeroAnd I’m one of 3 that will teaching this series
INTRODUCTION
For those that are new to our Class,
Slide4Also included are:
Dr. Don Beaumontand
Sandi Phillips
INTRODUCTION
Slide5Our class assistant:
Margaret Raper
INTRODUCTION
Slide6INTRODUCTION
Our
hidden agenda
in doing these classes is to show you
how interesting geology/science is
in the hopes that you will
get your children, grand-children, and/or great-grand-children
to consider science as a
possible career path
.
In future years, America will be severely lacking in scientist/engineers
Slide7Over the next 6 weeks, please feel free to bring us
copies of any newsworthy articles or
lend us
mags
on geology or other subjects that you think we might be interested in
INTRODUCTION
It certainly is wonderful having
“another set of eyes”
out there watching for important data & breaking new ideas!
Slide8Lastly, if you have
any geology questions or
scans of any articles
, don’t hesitate to
write to “Ask the Geologist” at askthegeologist@suddenlink.net
INTRODUCTION
Slide9Our World,
Our Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Week 1 –
Geology
Creates Resources
Slide10Week 1 –
Geology Creates Resources
Week 2 – Our
Forest
Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide11Week 2 – Our
Forest
Resources
Week 3
– Our
Rock & Mineral
Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide12Week 3
– Our
Rock & Mineral
Resources
Week 4 – Our
Hydrocarbon
Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide13Week 4 – Our
Hydrocarbon
Resources
Week 5 – Our
Water
Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide14Week 5 – Our
Water
Resources
Week 6 – Our Resources in
‘Google’
Natural Resources of North America
Slide15Week 5 – Our
Water Resources
Week 3 –
Our
Rock & Mineral Resources
Week 1 –
Geology
Creates Resources
Week 6 – Our Resources in
‘Google’
Week 4 – Our
Hydrocarbon
Resources
Week 2 – Our
Forest
Resources
Natural Resources of North America
Slide16Natural Resources of North America
Week 5 – Our
Water
Resources
Week 6 – Our Resources in
‘Google’
Week 3 –
Our
Rock & Mineral
Resources
Week 4 – Our
Hydrocarbon
Resources
Week 1 –
Geology
Creates Resources
Week 2 – Our
Forest
Resources
Geology
Creates Resources
Geology Creates Resources
Slide17What Resources are we talking about?
NATURAL RESOURCES
SOFT Rock Minerals
Fresh
Water
Oil &Gas
Forests
HARD Rock Minerals
WHY ARE THEY THERE?
Slide18SESSION 1 – GEOLOGY CREATES RESOURCES
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Soils made
Aquifer beds formed
Organic
mat’l
accumulated
Rocks modified by Volcanoes
EARTH
How big is it
What is it made of
Broken up Surface
Plate Tectonics
Austin below Equator 3X
MTN Building
SURFACE
PROCESSES
Rock Types/ Rock Cycle
Volcanism
Weathering/ Erosion
Rivers/Floodplains
Geosynclines
SURFACE
EVOLUTION
Geologic Time
Global Warming
Inland Sea: GOM to Arctic
Enormous deposits
Massive reefs systems
Prolific Swamps
NATURAL RESOURCES
– Why are they there ? –
18
ALL IN ONE HOUR!
BUCKLE YOUR SEAT BELTS!
Let’s Go!
Slide19HOW BIG IS IT?
WHAT IS IT MADE OF?
THE EGGSHELL CRUST
EARTH
Slide20~8,000 mi
(25,132 mi)
(in 80 days = 13mph)
How big is earth?
Slide21What is EARTH made up of?
EARTH'S MAKEUP
Thickness
Crust, solid
30
mi
Upper Mantle (Partially molten)
400
mi
Lower Mantle, solid
1385
mi
Outer Core, Liquid
1400
mi
Inner Core, Liquid
760
mi
Total Thickness
3975
mi
x
2
Total Diameter
~8000
mi
Inner Core
(solid)
760 mi
Outer Core
(liquid)
1400 mi
Lower Mantle
(solid)
1385 mi
Upper Mantle
(partially molten)
415 mi
Crust
(solid)
30 mi
Slide22WHAT is earth MADE OF?
Silicon (Si), Aluminum (Al), Iron(Fe), Calcium (Ca)
constitute
.
~87% of ALL crustal elements
~87%
Slide23Oceanic Crust: under the oceans; About 5 miles thick
Oceanic lithosphere consists mainly of mafic crust and ultramafic mantle (peridotite) and is denser than continental lithosphere
Continental Crust
: our continents;
From 20 to 50 miles thickcontinental lithosphere consists mainly of felsic crust and is lighter than the oceanic lithosphereTWO TYPES OF CRUST
Slide248000 mi
4000 mi
2000 mi
1000 mi
500 mi
250 mi
125 mi
60 mi
30 mi
How thick is the crust?
This is the eggshell we live on!
And this EGGSHELL
cracks!
Slide25PLOT OF EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES
EARTHQUAKES
VOLCANOES
25
NORTH AMERICAN PLATE
Slide26Plate Tectonics
(Movement of crustal plates on surface of Earth over geologic time)(To access this file you must download it first; see “Important Links” on our website)
Slide27ATLANTIC OCEAN
Older rocks
Older rocks
Younger rocks
PLATE SPREADING
At certain places on the Earth’s crust, there are
cracks that extend all the way down to the upper mantle
Upper mantle material oozes from those cracks
, forming new crustal plate material as it cools
This
new plate material is pushed out of the way by new upper mantle material oozing out.
This pushing motion causes the new material to “spread”
North
America
South
America
Europe
Africa
Slide28PLATE BOUNDARY INTERACTION
Zagros,
East Africa
Rift
Alps, Ural, Atlas
Iceland
St. Elias, Brooks
Rocky & Sierra Nevada
Andes
Sierra Madras
Himalayan
Plate boundary interactions sometimes require
one plate to go up and over the leading edge of another plate
…this often leads to
MOUNTAIN BUILDING
Appalachian
Slide29PLATE TECTONICS CREATING MOUNTAINS
29
Mountain Created
Thicker crust
under
mountain
for buoyancy
Bending/warping
of continents
Plate A
Plate B
Slide301) Earth is
8000mi in diameterEARTH SUMMARY
2)
Two types
of surface Crust3) Continental Crust is only
30mi thick
4) Continental Crust is broken up into
7-
8 major plates
5) Plates
move around randomly
on the earth’s surface
6) Science of plate movement is called
PLATE TECTONICS
7) Plate tectonics is the reason for most
mountain building
Location of Austin has been below the equator how many times?
Lagniappe Factoid:
3X
Slide31SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Soils made
Aquifer beds formed
Organic
mat’l
accumulated
Rocks modified by Volcanoes
EARTH
How big is it
What is it made of
Broken up Surface
Plate Tectonics
Austin below Equator 3X
MTN Building
SURFACE
PROCESSES
Rocks/ Rock Cycle
Volcanism
Weathering/ Erosion
Rivers/Floodplains
Geosynclines
SURFACE
EVOLUTION
Geologic Time
Global Warming
Inland Sea: GOM to Arctic
Enormous deposits
Prolific Swamps
Massive reefs systems
NATURAL RESOURCES
– Why are they there ? –
31
Slide3232
Magma forms when rocks melt deep beneath surface
When magma cools and
solidfies
, IGNEOUS rocks are formedWeathering & Erosion breaks down rocks; then deposits sediments at the continental marginsSediments are buried, compacted & cemented to form
SEDIMENTARY rocks
When sedimentary rocks are buried deep, heat and pressure turns them into partially melted
METAMORPHIC rocks
1
2
3
4
5
ROCKS & THE ROCK CYCLE
Slide3333
METAMORPHIC
IGNEOUS
formed by subjecting
any rock type
to different temperature and pressure conditions which cause
partial melting of rock
formed when
molten magma
cools
formed by
deposition of rock debris
into successive layers followed by
burial to great depths
resulting in
compaction, dewatering and cementation
ROCKS & THE ROCK CYCLE
Cycle results in
3 types of rocks
:
SEDIMENTARY
Slide3434
ROCKS & THE ROCK CYCLE
Slide35As it applies to Natural Resources
35
VOLCANOES
Slide36volcanoes
Above base
volcanic
deposition
Bedrock
Magma
Slide37At the interface between the
bedrock and (1) magma chamber
and
At the interface between the
bedrock and (3) “conduit”,Bedrock is being
heated to near liquid levels
, changing the bedrock properties
VOLCANOES
Slide38In some instances,
heavy minerals are precipitating out of solution,
In other instances, bedrock interface is being
changed from sedimentary to metamorphic rock
In other instances, the magma is cooling in place
VOLCANOES
These deposits form fantastic ROCK & MINERAL DEPOSITS!
Slide39As it applies to Natural Resources
39
WEATHERING & EROSION
Slide40Weathering
Definition
:
natural
destruction of the rocky continental crust
Causes
:
sun
rain
plants
wind
TIME!
Slide41weathering
WEATHERING
:
Destroys:
rocks
Creates:
1. rock
debris
quartz sand
muds (clays)
calcium carbonate solutions
2. soils (rock debris + decaying plants
)
Produces:
unique environments
Slide42erosion
Definition
:
natural
process of moving weathered rock debris to the oceans at the continental margins
Causes
:
moving
the weathered rock debris to the sea
by
1. gravity!!! It all goes down hill
2.
water (
brooks, streams, rivers)
3. wind
Slide43erosion
topographies
rock
outcrops
river
flood plains
geosynclines
Results of Weathering & Erosion are fantastic:
Slide4444
River flood plains
As it applies to Natural Resources
Slide45Rivers flood plains
Elevated land form sides
Elevated land form sides
1) At low water, meandering stream/river
2) At high water, river overflows and fills plain
Slide46Rivers flood plains
3) Return to low water, alluvial debris has been deposited in plain; back to meandering river
An abundance of
nutrient rich alluvial sands/clays
are
deposited
over the plain
These deposits form fantastic SOILS!
Slide4747
Rivers carry debris to oceans
How fast do you think this swimmer will go on this slide?
Slow?
Fast?
Very fast?
Extremely fast?
WHY?
GRAVITY!
Slide48Ocean
Rocks of the Iberian continental crust
land
GEOSYNCLINE
Rock debris carried by rivers
river
debris
deposits
RIVER DEBRIS DEPOSIT AT MARGIN
Slide49What is a Geosyncline?
Answer: A thick (1000’s of feet)
accumulation of rock debris in the
ocean at the continental margin
Debris brought to the ocean by rivers are spread along the coast by ocean currents
GEOSYNCLINE
A modern example of a
geosyncline:
The
Gulf of Mexico
Slide50Rivers carry debris to oceans
Slide51Mississippi river example
DISTANCE FROM GULF OF MEXICO, miles
Weathered & eroded rock debris from the MS river catch basin is headed for the GOM!
And what do you think all that debris forms in the
Gulf of Mexico!
A GEOSYNCLINE!
Slide5252
Gulf of Mexico geosyncline
Let’s cut the earth along this black line and look at the
“CROSS-SECTION”
Slide53Generalized Cross-Section of the Gulf Coast Geosyncli
neModern CoastlineGEOSYNCLINES
Sea Level
20,000 -
40,000 -
60,000 -
80,000 –
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
MILES
Streams carry the sediment down to the sea. Over the past 25 million years the Texas coastline has been pushed almost 100 miles out into the Gulf of Mexico. The depositional environment of these new sediments resembles the environment of Central Texas over one billion years ago. Creation and destruction are but different phases in a single process, the rock cycle.
Recent & Pleistocene
Present to 2 mya
Pleistocene
2 to 10 mya
Holocene
10 to 26 mya
Oligocene 26 to 37 mya
Lower Cretaceous 140 mya
Upper Cretaceous 65 mya
Eocene & Paleocene 37 to 65 mya
Paleozoic
250 to 570 mya
Depth in feet
Austin
New Orleans
65,000 feet thick!
OVER 12 MILES
OF SEDIMENTS!
And what do you think some of these sediments have turn into?
Gulf of Mexico
Fantastic Oil & Gas deposits!
Slide54SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Soils made
Aquifer beds formed
Organic
mat’l
accumulated
Rocks modified by Volcanoes
EARTH
How big is it
What is it made of
Broken up Surface
Plate Tectonics
Austin below Equator 3X
MTN Building
SURFACE
PROCESSES
Rocks/ Rock Cycle
Volcanism
Weathering/ Erosion
Rivers/Floodplains
Geosynclines
SURFACE
EVOLUTION
Geologic Time
Global Warming
Inland Sea: GOM to Arctic
Enormous deposits
Prolific Swamps
Massive reefs systems
NATURAL RESOURCES
– Why are they there ? –
54
Slide55SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
Slide5656
AGE OF EARTH4.55 Billion Years
144.3 YEARS
IF YOU COUNTED EACH YEAR AT
ONE YEAR PER SECOND, YOU’D BE COUNTING CONTINOUSLY,24 HOURS A DAY, FOR
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide5757
60
30
15
45
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
31.65 minutes
Single cell life begins
40.22 minutes
Multi-cell life begins
7.25 minutes
Asteroids stop
52.85 minutes
End of Precambrian
56.97 minutes
Start of Dinosaurs
59.14 minutes
Dinosaurs
Extinction
59.97 minutes
Hominids arrive!
0.03 minutes =
1.8 seconds!
Slide5858
Most of Geology is here
Pre-Cambrian Time
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide5959
Most of Geology is here
Pre-Cambrian Time
PALEOZOIC
MESOZOIC
CENOZOIC
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide6060
PALEOZOIC
MESOZOIC
CENOZOIC
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide6161
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide6262
WANT A COPY OF THESE TIMESCALES?
www.vagabondgeology.com
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Slide63GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Pre-Cambrian
Note that
o
nly the last 542 million years are used in Geologic Time, that’s only the last 12% of Earth’s complete history
Slide6464
GLOBAL WARMING/COOLING CYCLES FROM A GEOLOGIC PERSPECTIVE (meaning a very long time horizon)
SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
Slide65GLOBAL WARMING/COOLING CYCLES
65There have been at least 5 major cycles of global warming/cooling in earth’s history
The
warming periods
seem to last much (3X) longer than the cooling periods (avg 107 million yrs vs 30 my)Avg Earth temp gets
20 degrees hotter
than it is today
CO2 levels
were as much as
20 times
what they are today
All or almost all glaciers melt, sea level rises 400 feet
from time of max cooling to max warming
Slide66GLOBAL WARMING/COOLING CYCLES
66Dr. Scotese’s Paleomap
chart
looks like this…
(Professor of Geology, Univ of Texas @ Arlington; chosen by Scientific American as one of the top 50 Science and Technology sites on the Internet)
To make it more understandable, I’ve doctored it up to look like this…
Slide67GLOBAL WARMING/COOLING CYCLES
67Let’s get this out of the way now…. ”GLOBAL WARMING IS REAL and it is
NOT MAN-MADE!”
We know this, not from today’s media or political reports, not from global temperature studies of the past 300 yrs or 1000 yrs or 50,000 yrs, but from the geologic record of more than 650 MILLION YEARS!
Slide6877F
50F
63F
500
400
300
200
100
50
MYA
3
CYLES OF WARMING/COOLING
Geologic Record
shows that Earth has gone thru
multiple cycles of Cooling/Warming
Cycles
typically last
tens of millions of
years
(
avg
: warm-107my, cool-30my
)
!
Historical
AVERAGE
temp of Earth
Historical
MAXIMUM
avg
temp
of Earth
Historical
MINIMUM
avg
temp
of Earth
Slide6977F
50F
63F
500
400
300
200
100
50
MYA
3
CYLES OF WARMING/COOLING
Last MINIMUM
earth
temperature
was about
2
million years ago
Earth has been warming ever
since!
Slide70BUT WHAT ABOUT ALL THIS COOL WEATHER?
77F
50F
63F
500
400
300
200
100
50
MYA
3
Smooth
avg
curve is actually a line with considerable variation when looked at closer
Looking even closer you can see the considerable variation of data
Zooming in closer you can see the smaller cycles within the general trend
WITHIN THE MAJOR CYCLE
ARE SEVERAL
OTHER SMALLER CYCLES
AND
WITHIN THOSE
ARE
LOTS OF VARIATION FROM YEAR TO YEAR
AS THIS WILL SHOW…
The point is that climate can have
drastic changes from year to year
and
still be on a general trend
upward when measured with a geologic timescale
What does the geologic warming/cooling cycles have to do with
Natural Resources?
Slide71IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FORMATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Amount of glacial ice is
DOWN, (minimum)
Sea
levels go UP (400ft), (maximum)Oceans
invade continents creating massive
inland seas
Amount
Glacial ice is DOWN!
Sea-level is UP!
When
temps are up:
Map copyrighted by Dr. Ron Blakely,
Professor Emeritus
Northern Arizona Univ., Geology
Slide72Map copyrighted by
Dr. Ron Blakely,
Professor Emeritus
Northern Arizona Univ., Geology
90mya
72
77F
50F
63F
500
400
300
200
100
50
MYA
3
Slide73Map from
Dr. Ron Blakely,
Professor Emeritus
Northern Arizona Univ., Geology
340mya
73
77F
50F
63F
500
400
300
200
100
50
MYA
3
Slide74As sea level rises,
exposed continental landmass become smaller
IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FORMATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Amount
Glacial ice is DOWN!
Sea-level is UP!
Slide75Land area decreases; sea area increases
National Geographic:
“..If all ice on the planet melted and flowed into the sea, sea level would rise 216 ft…”
as shown in this picture
National Geographic:
“..If all ice on the planet melted and flowed into the sea, sea level would rise 216 ft…”
as shown in this picture
Slide76As sea level rises,
exposed continental landmass become smaller
Larger surface area of exposed sea
increases evaporation & subsequent rain fall
Increased rainfall accelerates continental weathering & erosionIMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FORMATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Amount
Glacial ice
is
DOWN
!
Sea-level
is
UP
!
Slide77Rivers carry erosion debris to continental margin;
increased debris deposition at marginWarmer global temps encourages faster plant growth which leads to prolific swamps Warmer, shallow seas leads to
tremendous reef systems
IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FORMATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Amount
Glacial ice
is
DOWN
!
Sea-level
is
UP
!
Slide78SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Soils made
Aquifer beds formed
Organic
mat’l
accumulated
Rocks modified by Volcanoes
EARTH
How big is it
What is it made of
Broken up Surface
Plate Tectonics
Austin below Equator 3X
MTN Building
SURFACE
PROCESSES
Rocks/ Rock Cycle
Volcanism
Weathering/ Erosion
Rivers/Floodplains
Geosynclines
SURFACE
EVOLUTION
Geologic Time
Global Warming
Inland Sea: GOM to Arctic
Enormous deposits
Prolific Swamps
Massive reefs systems
NATURAL RESOURCES
– Why are they there ? –
78
Slide79NATURAL RESOURCES
SUMMARY
Slide8080
EARTH PROCESSESPlate Tectonics
Global Warming/Cooling
Increased Rainfall
Higher Temps & CO2
Increased
weathering/ erosion
Melted Glaciers &
Increased Sea Level
Increased Ocean
Surface Area
Increased River
Flooding
Mountain Building
BRINGING IT TOGETHER…
Widespread Soils
Shallow, Inland Seas
Deposition at margins
FORESTS
Geology
Creates
Resources
Forests
Session 2
Slide8181
EARTH PROCESSESPlate Tectonics
Global Warming/Cooling
Increased Rainfall
Higher Temps & CO2
Increased
weathering/ erosion
Melted Glaciers &
Increased Sea Level
Increased Ocean
Surface Area
Mountain Building
BRINGING IT TOGETHER…
Volcanoes
Bedrock transformed into Hard Rocks & Minerals
Overburden removed exposing
Swamps
Shallow, Inland Seas
Deposition at margins
Burial/ Compression &
Geosynclines
Sand/Shale layers & Reefs
Increased River
Flooding
Widespread Soils
FORESTS
HARD ROCKS & MINERALS
COAL
SOFT ROCKS &
HYDROCARBONS
Rocks & Minerals
Session 3
Hydrocarbons
Session 4
Slide8282
EARTH PROCESSESPlate Tectonics
Global Warming/Cooling
Increased Rainfall
Higher Temps & CO2
Increased
weathering/ erosion
Melted Glaciers &
Increased Sea Level
Increased Ocean
Surface Area
Mountain Building
BRINGING IT TOGETHER…
Volcanoes
Bedrock transformed into Hard Rocks & Minerals
Overburden removed exposing
Swamps
Shallow, Inland Seas
Deposition at margins
Burial/ Compression &
Geosynclines
Sand/Shale layers & Reefs
Increased River
Flooding
Widespread Soils
FORESTS
COAL
SOFT ROCKS &
HYDROCARBONS
HARD ROCKS & MINERALS
WATER
ACQUIFERS
Sand separated from Rock
Debris
(and in some places, Reefs)
Water
Session 5
And this is how GEOLOGY CREATES RESOURCES!
Slide83SESSION 1 – GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Soils made
Aquifer beds formed
Organic
mat’l
accumulated
Rocks modified by Volcanoes
EARTH
How big is it
What is it made of
Broken up Surface
Plate Tectonics
Austin below Equator 3X
MTN Building
SURFACE
PROCESSES
Rocks/ Rock Cycle
Volcanism
Weathering/ Erosion
Rivers/Floodplains
Geosynclines
SURFACE
EVOLUTION
Geologic Time
Global Warming
Inland Sea: GOM to Arctic
Enormous deposits
Prolific Swamps
Massive reefs systems
NATURAL RESOURCES
– Why are they there ? –
83
Slide84Week 2 – Our Forest Resources
NEXT WEEK . . . .
Slide85http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudbury_crater
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Impact_Database http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Collision_d%27une_com%C3%A8te.jpg http://ottawa-rasc.ca/wiki/index.php?title=Odale-Articles-Sudbury http://ottawa-rasc.ca/wiki/images/0/09/Odale-sudbury-03a_geologic_schematic.gif
http://ottawa-rasc.ca/wiki/images/5/52/Odale-sudbury-03_mungal_geology.jpg
http://ottawa-rasc.ca/wiki/images/3/36/Odale-sudbury-01_multi_ring.jpg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRbvvzK-ll0&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZL3sq4QlKAc&NR=1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9s_mLmhykQg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5TwT69i1lU&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MA39OxExc58
http://www.palliserrestaurantmotelandgifts.ca/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=fvwp&v=rQQUtouNMjU
http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2000/1999RG900016.shtml
http://engsales.yonhapnews.co.kr/YNA/ContentsSales/EngSales/YISW_PopupPhotoPreview.aspx?CID=PYH20110411088100341
http://www.fedpubs.com/charts/fundy.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/73998/tidal-bore
http://www.siam.org/students/siuro/vol1issue1/S01006.pdf
http://www.nspower.ca/en/home/environment/renewableenergy/tidal/annapolis.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_North_America_Rift_Basins
http://www.gnb.ca/0078/minerals/GSB_Surficial_Mapping-e.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_oxide
http://www.paleogis.com/dotnetnuke/PlateModels/ThePaleoMapProject/tabid/83/Default.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MonumentValley_640px.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floodplain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nile_delta_landsat_false_color.jpg
REFERENCES
http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/joggings.html
http://pemsea.org/eascongress/international-conference/presentation_t4-1_kim.pdf
http://ianjuby.org/rock_solid_13.html
http://museum.gov.ns.ca/fossils/sites/joggins/index.htm
http://bayoffundy.com/about/geology/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tides
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_power
http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2004/11/china-endorses-300-mw-ocean-energy-project-17685
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_rift_system
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Lawrence_River
http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/M44-2001-D15E.pdf
http://ottawa-rasc.ca/wiki/index.php?title=Odale-Articles-Carlevoix
http://www.thelivingmoon.com/43ancients/02files/Earth_Images_09.html#Charlevoix
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Saint_Lawrence_River
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graben
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Madrid_Seismic_Zone
http://www.pc.gc.ca/apprendre-learn/prof/sub/eco/itm5/fi-lr1/pei-ipe_E.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island
http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=ECD35C36
http://bayoffundy.com/about/highest-tides/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rance_Tidal_Power_Station
http://www.nspower.ca/en/home/environment/renewableenergy/tidal/annapolis.aspx
http://www.geoprisms.org/enam.html
http://maps.howstuffworks.com/world-mountain-ranges-map.htm
http://www.ig.utexas.edu/research/projects/plates/plate_model/
http://www.ig.utexas.edu/research/projects/plates/index.htm
http://geology.about.com/od/mineral_resources/a/aa_nutshellcoal.htm
http://www.map-of-north-america.us/north-america-topo-map.gif
http://www.ecoworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/north-america-map.png
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Slide86http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/er/Resources/Image1946.gif
http://aventalearning.com/courses/GEOGx-HS-A09/a/unit02/resources/images/Sec2_graphics/Geo_U2_S2_PD/Geo_2.2.8_mapofpetroleum.gifhttp://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/nasatelliteview.jpghttp://world-nuclear.org/info/Nuclear-Fuel-Cycle/Introduction/What-is-Uranium--How-Does-it-Work-/ http://www.rtkenvironmental.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Heavy-Rain.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Us_coal_regions_1996.png
REFERENCES
http://www.kosherdelight.com/Belize_Reef.gif
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
http://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Downloads/Continental_maps/gwrm_namerica_g.jpg?__blob=normal&v=2
https://www.google.com/search?q=prehistoric+swamp+pic&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=RmbhUr29FvTKsQSs0YKgDA&ved=0CCQQsAQ&biw=1350&bih=872
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Madagascar_erosion.jpg
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Slide87REMEMBER…
GEOLOGY ROCKS87
GEOLOGY CREATES RESOURCES
THANK YOU!
Slide8888
PLEASE STAY SEATED,
“DR. D” HAS SOME “GEOLOGY IN THE NEWS”
TO SHARE
HOLD ON!
Slide8989
GEOLOGY
IN THE
NEWS
HOLD ON!
Slide90From the NYT Nov. 25, 2013
Tensions increase over a disputed
group of island
in the South China Sea
Let’s focus on this detail area
Geology in the News
Slide91NYT Nov. 25, 2013, continued
Japan Rejects
China’s claim
to Air Rights Over islands
in the South China Sea
Why is China so adamant in claiming
rights to most of the South China Sea?
Let’s focus on this map
Slide92South China Sea
China
Philippines
China’s claim to the Deep Water area
of the South China Sea
Slide93China’s claim to the Deep Water area
of the South China Sea
Note: China’s claim overlaps that of
the Philippines, Brunei, & Vietnam.
Just how prospective is the deep water area
of the South China Sea?
Slide94Just how prospective is the deep water area
of the South China Sea?
The continental shelf of China
has been drilled and minor
oil & gas deposits found.
The deep water area, yet to be drilled, could contain major oil & gas, that China desperately needs, similar to that found in Angola where minor oil fields were found onshore and in the continental shelf but major oil and gas fields are now being develop in the deep water area.
Slide95Angola
Angola’s continental shelf
with minor oil fields
Angola’s deep water area
with major oil & gas fields
Angola west Africa,
Prototype of the South China Sea
Slide96- All
class materials either is or will be on: 1) the Senior University’s website and on
2) our Website at: www.vagabondgeology.com- Send questions/ideas/scanned articles to:
askthegeologist@suddenlink.net
OUR NATURAL RESOURCES
ANY QUESTIONS??
96