COMMON CATTLE DISEASES B.SC. FINAL SEM V ( - PowerPoint Presentation

1. COMMON CATTLE DISEASESB.SC. FINAL SEM V (cbcs) ZOOLOGYDr.Shashikant Ramrao SitreAssistant ProfessorDepartment of ZoologyN.S.Science and Arts College, Bhadrawati, Dist.Chandapur (M.S.) 442902

2. Bacterial Diseases (4)AnthraxBlack Quarter (Black Leg Disease)Food and Mouth DiseaseCampylobacter abortion (Vibriosis

3. Viral Diseases (9) Bovine Ephemeral FeverFlue TongueTetanusListeriosisJoahne’s DiseaseMastitisFoot rotBovine RhinotracheitisTick Fever (Bovine Babesiosis)

4. DETAILS OF DISEASES IN CATTLEBACTERIAL DIESEASESAnthrax - Caused by Bacillus anthracis a spore forming relatively large bacterium. It causes mortality in ruminants. Signs of illness usually appear 3 to 7 days after the spores are swallowed by the ruminant. Once signs begin they usually die within two days.

5. Black Quarter (Black Leg Disease)It is an acute infectious and highly fatal, bacterial disease of cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats. Young cattle between 6-24 months age, in good body condition are mostly affected. It is soil borne infection which gradually occurs during rainy season in India. The disease is sporadic in nature (1-2 animals).It is caused by clostridium chauvoei.

6. Foot and Mouth DiseaseThe foot and mouth disease is a highly communicable disease affecting cloven footed animals. It is characterized by fever, formation of vesicles and blisters in the mouth and udder, teats and on the skin between the toes and above the hoofs.In india the disease is widespread assumes position of importance in livestock industry. The disease spreads by direct contact or indirectly through infected water, manure, hay and pastures. It is also conveyed by cattle attendents. It is known to spread through recovered anmals, field rats, porcupine and birds.

7. Vibriosis ( Campylobacter abortion)Transmission occurs by coitus.The affected animals carry the organisms in preputial cavity indefinitely. Matura cows also carry the infection for long periods. Infected semen from an infected bull is the important means of the disease. The organism survives below the temperature used in semen storage.

8. VIRAL DISEASESBovine Ephemeral Fever : - It is an insect transmitted viral disease of cattle and water buffalo that are seen in Africa, the middle east, Australia and asia.Affected cattle may become recumbent and paralyzed for 8 hrs to greater than one week. After recovery milk production lessens. Bulls, heavy cattle and high lactating dairy cows are the most severely affected.

9. Blue tongueBlue tongue a disease which is transmitted by midges, infects domestic and wild ruminants and also camelids. Sheep are badly affected by sisease. Virus spreads between animals occurs via the midges of cullicoides species. In cattle nasal discharge, swelling of head and neck, conjunctivitis, swelling inside and ulceration of the mouth, swollen teats, tiredness, saliva drooling, fever occurs.

10. TetanusThis is an infectious non febrile disese of animals and man and is characterized by spasmodic teatny and hyperaesthesia. This disease is prevalent in all over th world.Transimission – Infection takes place by contamination of wounds. Depp punctured wounds provide favorable conditions for the spores to germinate, multiply and produce toxin which is subsequently absorbed in the body. The microorganism is present in soil and in animal faeces and is carried into the the wound by penetrating object. The incubation period is generally 1-2 weeks but it may be as short as 3 days. In terminal stages ears are erect, nostrils dilated, nictiating membrane protruded. Mastication becomes difficult mouth cannot be opened hence the name Lock jaw.

11. ListeriosisThe organism are excreted in the faeces, urine, aborted fetuses, uterine dischargae and infected animals. In farm animals the disease occurs towards the end of winter or early spring. The signs of disese are stiffness of neck, incordinated movement of limbs, and tendency to move in circles or to lean against a fence or wall There may be paraltysis iof muscles of jaw and pharynx. Tetracyckline is effective medicine.

12. Johne’s DiseaseIt is a specific chronic contagious enteritis of cattle, sheep, goat,buffalo and occasionally of pigs. The disease is characterized by emaciation and in cattle and buffalo by chronic diarrohea and thickening of the intestion. Under natural conditions the disease spreads by ingestion of feed and water contaminated by the faeces of infected animals. The infection occurs mostly in the early month of life. The incubation period extends from 12 months to several years. The organism persists in pasture of a year.

13. MastitisIt is the inflammation of the mammary glands, is the most common and the most expensive disease of dairy cattle throughout most of the world. Infection by invading bacteria or other microorganisms is th primary cause of mastitis. Infections begin when microorganisms penetrate the teat anal and multiply in the mammary gland.

14. Foot RotFoot rot is a common cause of lameness in cattle and occurs most frequently when cattle on pasture are forced to walk through mud to obtain water and feed. Foot rot is caused when a cut or scratch in the skin allows infection to penetrate between the claws or around the top of the hoof. Individual cases shoule be kept in a dry place and treated promptly with medication as directed by veterarian.

15. Bovine RhinotrachetisIt is a highly contagious infectious respiratory disease that is caused by bovine herpes virus-1.It an affect the young and old cattle. This causes respiratory disease, conjunctivitis, abortion, encephalitis, and generalized systemic infection. There is no direct treatment for viral disease, infected animals should be isolated from the rest of the herd and treated with anti inflammatory drugs and antibiotics for secondary infections if necessary.

16. Tick Fever (Bovine Babesiosis)It is a tick borne disease of cattle. Transmission of disease takes place when engorging adult female ticks pick up the infection. They pass it to their progeny via eggs. Symptoms- high fever, neurologic signs teeth grinding. Dark coloured urine, anorexia, and weak animals develop due to disease. Sick animals are treated by antiparasitic drugs.