11411146 2010Study of Position Shape Size and Incidence of Menta - PDF document

:1141-1146, 2010.Study of Position, Shape, Size and Incidence of Mental Foramenand Accessory MentalForamen in Indian Adult Human SkullsEstudio de la Posicin, Forma, Tamao e Incidencia del Foramen Mentoniano Department of Anatomy, CSM Medical University (Former KGMU) Lucknow UP, India. 1142 MF, hence its shape size and verification of its existencewould prevent Accessory nerve injury during periapicalsurgery. In addition to this, if this nerve is not blocked, inMATERIAL AND METHODAnatomy, CSM Medical University Lucknow UP, India.Digital Vernier Callipers was used to measure the dimensionsof MF and AMF to analyse and examine the size, shape andposition of MF and AMF. The incidences of MF and AMFRESULTSPosition of mental foramen in relation to lower teeth. between first and second premolars. In 11.5% it was foundseen below the apex of first premolar. In Figure 1, MF is lyingto various parameters has been described in Table I.Position of AMF in 8 mandibles out of 100 was found5 mandibles out of the same 100. Average distance betweenMF and AMF was 0.67mm lateral to MF.Shape of MF. Size of MF. On right side: Average size was 2.79 mm.On left side: Average size is 2.57mm. Minimum size is 1mmSize of AMF. Average size is 1 mm. Minimum size is 0.6. MF is present in all one hundred observedIncidences of AMF. AMF is observed in 13 mandibles out of100 mandibles. AMF was

situated in 5 out of 13 mandibles onThus out of total population of 100 mandibles, AMF was foundit was present in 8 % of the population under study. "           #            #  6* #*   99    "   )99G:  991   )99Table- Position of mental foramen from various parametrs.SINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K.:1141-1146, 2010. 1143 . In the present study,49% by Tebo & Telford (1950), 58.98% by Wang et al. (1983) and Aktebin (1988),foramen is below crown of second premolar. Such positionhas not been observed by the authors in the present study. (1992), Mwaniki &Hassanali (1992), Ngeow & Yuzawati (2003), Smajilagic &Dilberovic (2004) and Apinhasmit (2006), it was underthe apex of first premolar. According to Phillips et al et al. (2004), most frequentposition of MF was found between 1 and 2 premolars, premolar.Wang Wang border of ramus of mandible was 74.14 mm and between theMF and base of mandible was 14.70 mm. According tofrom the base of mandible. Souaga According to Yes& Kansu reported that AMF below the first molar which issimilar to the present study. Much literature is not availableon the position of AMF in relation to teeth in India. Accordingto Toh et al., distance between the MF and

AMF in threeauthors observed position of AMF from MF to be 0.67 mm.. In the present study, on right 87%.Fig. 3. Position of accessory mental foramen on left side alongSINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K.:1141-1146, 2010. According to Mbajiorgu et al. (1998), in 32 mandiblesmandibles (43.8%) and oval in 18 mandibles (56.3%).(71.3%) on left side. Larger diameter in the horizontalright side and only 1.7% being the larger diameter in verti-larger horizontal diameter. Round shape was in 21 mandiblesside. According to Al-khateeb foramina were round in shape similar to the present study.. According to Chung dry mandibles of people from Turkey. The horizontalon left side. The vertical dimension was 2.38 mm and 2.64mm on right and left sides respectively. Souaga et al. studied61 dry mandibles. The average sizes of long and short axeszontal dimension of MF to be 2.79 mm on right side and. In the present study,the average dimension of AMF is 1 mm. Published literaturerelated to the size of AMF for common scholars is hardlythis study, MF was present in all the 100 mandibles (100%) et al. analysed 80study AMF was present in 13 mandibles (13%) out of 100.on right side. Thus, 67% of total incidences of AMF (13) (1986), AMF was mandibles. It is 1.8% for. reported 5% AMF in mandibles. Highest incidences ofAMFs were reported in Negros and Maori males. Theincidences of AMFs did not

differ significantly between rightin position, shape and size of MF and AMF. This may berelated to feeding habits of different regions which mayultimately, effect the development of mandibles. Thevariability of the position of MF and AMF should alert thedental surgeons while performing periodontal or endodonticsurgery.to its passing through the mental foramen. Thus, verificationof existence of AMF would prevent accessory nerve injuryduring periapical surgery. In root canal treatment, possibilityof AMF related paraesthesia will be less. Besides this, furtherif the studies are carried out in large volumes related toand AMF it will be of immense use to the anthropologists inAuthors are thankful to Dr. Navneet Kumar for hisvaluable suggestions from time to time. Thanks are also dueto Dr. Anita Rani for her kind help in facilitating the preparationof publication. Authors are grateful to the Department ofAnatomy, CSM Medical University Lucknow, UP, India andpresent study. Last but not the least Mr. Man Singh, father ofDr. Rajani Singh, one of the authors deserve sincere thanksSINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K. accesorio en crneos humanos de Indios adultos. :1141-1146, 2010. La parrgi-paquete neurovascular. Los formenes mentonianos accesorios tien-n posterosuperior de la superficie bucal. Ve- SINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K.:1141-1146, 2010. tamiento del canal radicular,

la posibilidad parestesia relacionadamenes mentonianos accesorios puede per- el es-do calipers digitales. La incidencia y la forma del foramen formanes accesorios bilaterales. La forma era predominante- 6% lado derecho y 13% lado izquierdo. El por debajo del 17,8% y en el 11,5% se encuentr entre segundo premolar y pri-mer molar. Los forpice del primer molar.PALABRAS CLAVE: Foramen mentoniano; ForamenPremolares; Molares.Aktekin, M.; Celik, H. M.; Celik, H. H.; Aldur, M. M. &men in Turkish mandibles. Al-Khateeb, T.; Al-Hadi Hamasha, A. & Ababneh, K. T.Surg. Radiol. Anat., 29Apinhasmit, W.; Methathrathip, D.; Chompoopong, S. &Sangvichien, S. Mental foramen in Thais: an anatomicalSurg. Radiol. Anat.,Anestesia Local e Controle da Dor ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabarairankaya, L. B. & Kansu, H. An accessory mental fora-Acta Anat. (Basel), 154:Dangelo, J. G. & Fattini, C. A. o Paulo, Atheneu, 1991.de Freitas, V.; Madeira, M. C; Pinto, C. T. & Zorzetto, N.Tratado de Cirurgia Buco-Maxilo-FacialGardner, E.; Gray, D. J. & O'hailly, R. ed.Gershenson, A.; Nathan, H. & Luchansky, E. Mental fora-Green, R. M. The position of the mental foramen: aOral Surg.Lockhart, R. D.; Hamilton, G. G. & Fyfe, F. W. ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara ed. SMbajiorgu, E. E.; Mawera, G.; sala, S. A. & Zivanovic,Zimbabwean mandibles: a clinical anatomical study.Cent. Afr. J. Med, 44Mwaniki, D. L. &

Hassanali, J. The position of mandibularand mental foramina in Kenyan African mandibles.East Afr. Med. J., 69Ngeow, W. C. & Yuzawati, Y. The location of the mentalOguz, O. & Bozkir, M. G. Evaluation of location ofmandibular and mental foramina in dry, young, adult West Indian Med.Olasoji, H. O.; Tahir, A.; Ekanem, A. U. & Abubakar, A. A.SINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K.:1141-1146, 2010. Niger. Postgrad. Med. J.,11:Oliveira Junior, E. M.; Arajo, A. L. D.; Da Silva, C. M. F.;Sousa-Rodrigues, C. F. & Lima, F. J. C. Morphological Int. J. Morphol.,27Phillips, J. L.; Weller, R. N. & Kulild, J. C. The mental fora-mandibular second premolar. Tratado de Anatomia Humana ed. Rio deSantini, A. & Land, M. A comparison of the position of theSawyer, D. R.; Kiely, M. L. & Pyle, M. A. The frequency ofArch.Smajilagic, A. & Dilberovic, F. Clinical and anatomy studySouaga, K.; Adou, A. & Angoh, Y. Topographical andOdontostomatol. Trop.,Tebo, H. G. & Telford, I. R. An analysis of the variations inToh, H.; Kodama, J.; Yanagisako, M. & Ohmori, T.kajimas Folia Anat. Jpn.,Wang, T. M.; Shih, C.; Liu, J. C. & Kuo, K. J. A clinical andActa Anat. (Basel), 126Yesilyurt, H.; Aydinlioglu, A.; Kavakli, A.; Ekinci, N.;differences in the position of the mental foramen. Folia '? E    @F"  % ;E& SINGH, R. & SRIVASTAV, A. K.:1141-1146, 2